2016年政府工作報告英文版學習筆記 （4）
堅持以開放促改革促發展。努力穩定對外貿易，調整出口退稅負擔機制，清理規範進出口環節收費，提高貿易便利化水平，出口結構發生積極變化。外商投資限制性條目減少一半，95%以上實行備案管理，實際使用外資1263億美元，增長5.6%。非金融類對外直接投資1180億美元，增長14.7%。推廣上海自貿試驗區經驗，新設廣東、天津、福建自貿試驗區。人民幣加入國際貨幣基金組織特別提款權貨幣籃子。亞洲基礎設施投資銀行正式成立，絲路基金投入運營。簽署中韓、中澳自貿協定和中國－東盟自貿區升級議定書。“一帶一路”建設成效顯現，國際產能合作步伐加快，高鐵、核電等中國裝備走出去取得突破性進展。
Momentum was created for reform and development through opening up. We worked hard to keep foreign trade stable by adjusting the mechanism for sharing the cost of export tax rebates between the central and local governments, overhauling and regulating charges for imports and exports, increasing trade facilitation, and making changes to the export mix. The number of restrictions on overseas investment in China was cut by 50%, and over 95% of overseas-funded projects may now be undertaken on a simple reporting basis. China utilized US$126.3 billion of overseas investment, an increase of 5.6%. Non-financial outward foreign direct investment reached $118 billion, up 14.7%. Pilot free trade zones were established in Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian based on the model of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone. The RMB was included in the IMF's Special Drawing Rights basket. The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank was officially inaugurated, and the Silk Road Fund opened for business. China signed free trade agreements with the Republic of Korea and Australia, respectively,and signed the Protocol to Amend the Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation between China and ASEAN. Progress was made in the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative (the Belt and Road Initiative), the pace of our industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries was stepped up, and breakthroughs were made in China's export of high-speed railway and nuclear power equipment.
三是聚焦提質增效，推動產業創新升級。
Third, we worked to promote industrial innovation and upgrading to improve economic performance.
制定實施創新驅動發展戰略綱要和意見，出臺推動大衆創業、萬衆創新政策舉措，落實“互聯網+”行動計劃，增強經濟發展新動力。一大批創客走上創業創新之路。完善農業支持政策，促進農業發展方式加快轉變。針對工業增速下降、企業效益下滑，我們一手抓新興產業培育，一手抓傳統產業改造提升。啓動實施《中國製造2025》，設立國家新興產業創業投資引導基金、中小企業發展基金，擴大國家自主創新示範區。積極化解過剩產能，推進企業兼併重組。近三年淘汰落後鍊鋼鍊鐵產能9000多萬噸、水泥2.3億噸、平板玻璃7600多萬重量箱、電解鋁100多萬噸。促進生產性、生活性服務業加快發展。狠抓節能減排和環境保護，各項約束性指標超額完成。公佈自主減排行動目標，推動國際氣候變化談判取得積極成果。
To strengthen the new growth engines, an innovation-driven development plan was adopted along with guidelines on its implementation, policies and measures were introduced to encourage public participation in starting businesses and making innovations, and the Internet Plus action plan was implemented. A great number of makers started businesses and made innovations. Improvements were made to policies in support of agriculture to promote transformation of the agricultural growth model. In addressing the decline in industrial growth and the downward slide incorporate performance, we worked to foster new industries and upgrade traditional ones. We launched the Made in China 2025 initiative to upgrade manufacturing, set up government funds to encourage investment in emerging industries and to develop small and medium-sized enterprises, and established more national innovation demonstration zones. We cut overcapacity and encouraged business acquisitions and restructuring. Cuts made in outdated production capacity over the past three years have included over 90 million metric tons of steel and iron, 230 million metric tons of cement, over 76 million weight cases of plate glass, and more than one million metric tons of electrolytic aluminum. The development of production- and consumer-oriented service industries picked up momentum. We took serious measures to conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the environment, exceeding obligatory targets. We released self-imposed emissions reduction targets and contributed to the positive outcomes of international negotiations on climate change.
四是着眼開拓發展空間，促進區域協調發展和新型城鎮化。
Fourth, we promoted coordinated development between regions and the new type of urbanization to expand development space.
繼續推動東、中、西、東北地區“四大板塊”協調發展，重點推進“一帶一路”建設、京津冀協同發展、長江經濟帶發展“三大戰略”，在基礎設施、產業佈局、生態環保等方面實施一批重大工程。制定實施促進西藏和四省藏區、新疆發展的政策措施。推進戶籍制度改革，出臺居住證制度，加強城鎮基礎設施建設，新型城鎮化取得新成效。
Work continued to promote the coordinated development of the eastern region, the central region, the western region, and the northeast; priority was placed on moving forward with the Three Initiatives-the Belt and Road Initiative, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and the Yangtze Economic Belt initiative. A number of major projects were also launched to develop infrastructure, improve the distribution of industries, and achieve ecological and environmental conservation. Policies and measures were introduced to promote the development of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Tibetan ethnic areas in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai. We pressed ahead with the reform of the household registration system, adopted a residence certification system, and stepped up the development of urban infrastructure, making progress in developing new urbanization.
五是緊扣增進民生福祉，推動社會事業改革發展。
Fifth, we promoted the reform and development of social programs to improve living standards.
在財力緊張情況下，保障民生力度繼續加大。推出新的政策，重點解決高校畢業生和就業困難羣體的就業創業問題。城鎮保障性安居工程住房基本建成772萬套，棚戶區住房改造開工601萬套，農村危房改造432萬戶，一大批住房困難家庭圓了安居夢。加快改善貧困地區義務教育薄弱學校辦學條件，深化中小學教師職稱制度改革，重點高校招收貧困地區農村學生人數又增長10.5%。全面推開縣級公立醫院綜合改革，拓展居民大病保險，建立重特大疾病醫療救助制度、困難殘疾人生活補貼和重度殘疾人護理補貼制度。提高低保、優撫、企業退休人員基本養老金等標準，推行機關事業單位養老保險制度改革並完善工資制度。加強基本公共文化服務建設。廣大人民羣衆有了更多獲得感。
Despite fiscal constraints, we continued to intensify efforts to help ensure the wellbeing of our people. New policies were launched to create jobs and business startup opportunities for college graduates and those with difficulties finding employment. Over the course of the year, 7.72 million government-subsidized housing units were basically completed in urban areas, work started on the reconstruction of 6.01 million housing units in rundown urban areas, and 4.32 million dilapidated houses in rural areas were rebuilt, helping large numbers of families that are struggling with housing realize their dream of having a home to settle in. We moved more quickly to improve conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas, deepened the reform of the professional title system for elementary and secondary school teachers, and increased the number of students from poor rural areas who were enrolled in key institutions of higher learning by a further 10.5%. Comprehensive reform was carried out in all public hospitals at the county level, the coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme was extended to more rural and non-working urban residents, a system of assistance for treating major and serious diseases was put in place, and a system for providing living allowances for people with disabilities who are in need and for granting nursing care subsidies to persons with severe disabilities was established. We increased subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, and basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees, implemented the reform of the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions, and improved their wage system. Efforts to develop basic public cultural services were also intensified. All of this has resulted in a stronger sense of benefit in society.
六是促進社會和諧穩定，推動依法行政和治理方式創新。
Sixth, we developed new ways of conducting law-based administration and governance to promote social harmony and stability.
國務院提請全國人大常委會審議法律議案11件，制定修訂行政法規8部。政務公開加快推進，推廣電子政務和網上辦事。建立重大政策落實督查問責機制，開展第三方評估。有效應對自然災害和突發事件。加強安全生產監管，事故總量和重特大事故、重點行業事故數量繼續下降。推進食品安全創建示範行動。強化社會治安綜合治理，依法打擊各類違法犯罪活動，有力維護了公共安全。
The State Council submitted 11 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and enacted or revised eight sets of administrative regulations. Efforts were accelerated to increase government transparency and expand the application of e-government and online administration. We set up a mechanism to inspect and establish accountability for the implementation of major government policies and introduced third-party evaluations. We responded effectively to natural disasters and emergencies. Efforts were stepped up to ensure workplace safety; as a result, we have seen a continued reduction in the number of total accidents, including the number of accidents of a serious or large-scale nature as well as those in industries where accidents tend to be more common. We moved ahead with the demonstration initiative to ensure food safety. We strengthened all-round efforts to maintain law and order and cracked down on crimes in accordance with the law to safeguard public security.
我們深入開展“三嚴三實”專題教育，鍥而不捨落實黨中央八項規定精神，堅決糾正“四風”，嚴格執行國務院“約法三章”。加強行政監察和審計監督。大力推進黨風廉政建設和反腐敗鬥爭，一批腐敗分子受到懲處。
The campaign to build understanding of the Three Stricts and Three Honests* was intensified, the CPC Central Committee's eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct continued to be implemented, action was taken against formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and rigorous efforts were made to carry out the State Council's three-point decision on curbing government spending. Administrative supervision and oversight through auditing were strengthened. We stepped up efforts to improve Party conduct and government integrity and fight corruption, and brought a number of offenders to justice.
我們隆重紀念中國人民抗日戰爭暨世界反法西斯戰爭勝利70週年，集中宣示了我國作爲世界反法西斯戰爭東方主戰場的歷史地位和重大貢獻，彰顯了中國人民同各國人民共護和平、共守正義的堅定信念！
