劉結一聯合國亞太經社會演講
劉結一部長助理在聯合國亞太經社會第65屆會議一般性辯論中的發言（全文）
（二00九年四月二十七日，曼谷）
Remarks by Assistant Foreign Minister Liu Jieyi At the Ministerial Segment Of the 65th Commission Session of ESCAP
Bangkok, 27 April 2009
主席先生，執行祕書女士，各位代表：
Mr. Chairman,
Madam Executive Secretary,
Representatives,
很高興來曼谷出席聯合國亞太經社會第65屆會議。感謝泰國政府和亞太經社會祕書處爲會議所做的周到安排，特別感謝阿披實總理到會講話。
It gives me great pleasure to attend the 65th Commission Session of the United Nations Economic and Social Committee for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP). My thanks go to the Thai government and ESCAP Secretariat for their thoughtful arrangements for this meeting. I particularly wish to thank Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva for coming to this segment and addressing the audience.
主席先生，
Mr. Chairman,
當前，國際金融危機仍在蔓延，亞太經濟發展受到嚴重影響。經濟增速放緩，貿易額急劇下降，失業人口陡增，社會穩定面臨壓力。根據亞太經社會剛剛發表的《亞太經濟社會概覽》，亞太地區擁有全球三分之二的貧困人口，也是全球一半左右自然災害的發生地，糧食能源問題依然突出，氣候變化造成的自然災害等問題凸顯。亞太地區落實千年發展目標、實現經濟社會可持續發展形勢嚴峻。
The ongoing international financial crisis has had a serious impact on the economic growth of the Asia-Pacific region. Its growth has slowed down, its trade dropped sharply, unemployment surged all of a sudden and pressure is mounting on social stability. According to the latest Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific released by ESCAP, the Asia-Pacific region is home to two thirds of the world's poor and half of the natural disasters in the world occur here. Food, energy and natural disasters induced by climate change remain acute issues. For this region, to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and sustainable economic and social development is a severe challenge.
妥善應對挑戰，共克時艱，是我們共同的任務。爲此，我願提出以下幾點主張：
It is our shared responsibility to meet the challenge and overcome the difficulties. To this end, I would like to make the following proposals:
一、全力恢復經濟增長是當前最緊迫的任務，也是影響全局的關鍵因素。各國應加強宏觀經濟政策協調，並根據形勢發展，進一步採取積極有效的刺激措施，擴大內需，穩定市場。亞太國家外貿依存度普遍較大，維護開放自由的全球和區域貿易體系事關各方切身利益，我們應共同反對貿易和投資保護主義，推動多哈回合談判取得全面、平衡的成果。繼續推動《亞太貿易協定》等區域多邊貿易體制發展，推動貿易與投資自由化和區域經濟一體化，增強對域外市場波動的免疫力。
First, our immediate task is to do all we can to restore growth as it is crucial to the whole world now. All countries should enhance coordination in macro-economic policy and, as the situation evolves, take further positive and effective stimulus measures to boost domestic demand and stabilize markets. The Asia-Pacific countries have an immediate interest in upholding open and free trade systems at both global and regional levels, as most of them largely depend on external trade. We should jointly oppose trade protectionism, and push the Doha Round negotiations towards a comprehensive and balanced outcome. We should continue to promote the Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement (APTA) and other regional multilateral trade mechanisms as well as trade and investment liberalization and regional economic integration so as to boost our ability to weather the turbulences arising from markets outside our region.
二、糧食能源安全和氣候變化均是影響民生和可持續發展的長期性問題，需統籌應對。亞太地區現有約9.5億人生活在貧困線以下，金融危機加劇了貧困狀況。氣候變化造成自然災害頻仍、農業生產力下降。各國應加大對糧食生產投入，改善糧食貿易環境，爲糧食生產創造有利條件。樹立和落實互利合作、多元發展、協同保障的新能源安全觀。遵循《聯合國氣候變化框架公約》及其《京都議定書》，按照“共同但有區別的責任”的原則加強應對氣候變化努力。
Second, to achieve sustainable development, we need to adopt a holistic approach to address the long-term issues of energy and grain security as well as climate change that affect people's lives. In the Asia-Pacific region, about 950 million people live below the poverty line and the financial crisis has made the poor poorer. Because of climate change, natural disasters are frequent and agro-productivity decreased. All countries should increase input into and create better conditions for grain production, and improve the environment for grain trade. We must adopt a new thinking on energy security that advocates mutually beneficial cooperation, diversified forms of development and common energy security through coordination. We should also step up our efforts to address climate change under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Kyoto Protocol, as well as the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities".
三、貧困人口是受危機影響最大的弱勢羣體，需要我們特別關注。目前，亞太地區基礎社會保障水平很低，僅約30%的老年人享有養老金，約 20%的居民享有醫療保障。貧困人口的發展關係到本地區整體可持續發展。應加強社會保障體系，增加居民收入，提高消費能力，刺激經濟發展。應高度關注和儘量減少國際金融危機對本地區發展中國家特別是最不發達國家造成的損害。有關各方特別是發達國家應承擔責任和義務，繼續履行對發展中國家的援助、減債等承諾。
Third, the poor population is the most vulnerable to the crisis and deserves our special attention. In the Asia-Pacific region, the basic social security level is low. Only about 30% of the elder people enjoy old-age pension and 20% of the population are covered by medical insurance. The development of the poor is an important factor in the overall sustainable development of the region. We should strengthen social security systems and increase people's income and consumption capability. This will also stimulate economic growth. We should pay high attention to and minimize the damage of the international financial crisis on developing, especially the least developed countries in the region. Parties concerned, developed countries in particular, should honor their responsibilities and obligations and continue to fulfill their commitments to developing countries on assistance and debt reduction.
四、實現社會和諧，是亞太各國的共同目標。當前形勢下，面對各種挑戰，更要樹立和諧的觀念，以統籌、全面、協調的方式推進各領域發展。發展是當前第一要務，要通過發展來解決各種問題。經濟社會各領域發展要相互協調，確保發展的長期可持續性。
Fourth, social harmony is the common goal of all Asia-Pacific countries. In the face of various challenges today, it is more important to pursue harmony and promote comprehensive development in an all-round and coordinated way. Development is the top priority and the key to the solution of various issues. And long-term and sustainable development requires coordinated development in different economic and social sectors.
主席先生，
Mr. Chairman,
金融危機給中國帶來了前所未有的困難和挑戰。作爲最大的發展中國家，中國努力保持自身經濟的平穩較快增長本身就是對世界最大的貢獻。我們把擴大國內有效需求特別是消費需求作爲經濟增長的基本立足點，果斷實施積極的財政政策和適度寬鬆的貨幣政策，相應出臺了系統完整的一攬子計劃。包括大規模增加政府支出，實施總額達4萬億元人民幣的兩年投資計劃，規模相當於2007年中國GDP的16%；多次降息和增加銀行體系流動性，共釋放流動性約8000 億元人民幣；大範圍實施產業調整振興規劃，提高國民經濟整體競爭力；大幅度提高社會保障水平，繼續提高企業退休人員基本養老金，提高失業保險金等。投入 8500億元，力爭用三年時間基本建成覆蓋全國城鄉的基本醫療衛生制度。實施更加積極的就業政策，千方百計減緩金融危機對就業的影響。目前，這些措施已取得了初步成效。我們對實現2009年中國經濟社會發展的主要預期目標充滿信心。
The financial crisis has brought China unprecedented difficulties and challenges. As the largest developing country, China is working to maintain its steady and rapid economic growth, which is in itself the biggest contribution to the world. To boost growth, we start with the expansion of effective domestic demand, particularly consumer demand. We have swiftly adopted a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy and launched a systematic and comprehensive package plan. This package plan includes a substantial increase of government spending, and a two-year program involving a total investment of RMB4 trillion, equivalent to 16% of China's GDP in 2007. Our several cuts in interest rates and increases in liquidity in the banking system have released about RMB800 billion of liquidity. We have also launched a large-scale industrial restructuring and rejuvenation program to enhance the competitiveness of our economy. We are trying to substantially raise the level of social security. We will continue to increase basic pension for enterprise retirees and unemployment insurance benefits. With an investment of RMB850 billion, we are working to set up a nationwide basic medical and healthcare system covering both urban and rural areas within three years. We are pursuing a more active employment policy and trying every means to mitigate the impact of the financial crisis on employment. All these measures have achieved initial success, giving us full confidence to meet our major economic and social development goals in 2009.
主席先生，
Mr. Chairman,
中國積極參與國際和地區應對危機的合作，爲促進國際金融體系改革、加強全球宏觀經濟政策協調等發揮了建設性作用。中國向國際金融公司貿易融資計劃提供了首批15億美元的融資支持。中國盡最大努力向有關國家提供支持和幫助，同有關國家和地區簽署了總額達6500億元人民幣的雙邊貨幣互換協議，積極參與清邁倡議多邊化框架下的貨幣儲備庫建設，維護地區經濟金融形勢穩定，促進地區金融合作和貿易發展。
China has taken an active part in the international and regional cooperation to tackle the crisis. It has played a constructive role in promoting reform of international financial institutions and improving global coordination in macro-economic policies. China has provided US$1.5 billion as the first portion of its financial support to the Global Trade Finance Program of the International Finance Corporation. China has made utmost effort to offer support and assistance to other countries. It has signed bilateral currency swap agreements worth RMB650 billion with relevant countries and regions, actively participated in the building of the currency reserve pooling under the framework of Chiang Mai Initiative Multilateralization, worked for regional economic and financial stability and promoted regional financial cooperation and trade.
主席先生，
Mr. Chairman,
國際金融危機、糧食能源安全和氣候變化爲本地區實現千年發展目標增添了新的複雜因素。中國是最早提前實現千年發展目標中減貧目標的發展中國家，併爲國際社會努力實現千年發展目標做出了力所能及的貢獻。去年，中國國務院總理溫家寶在聯合國千年發展目標高級別會議上代表中國政府爲促進落實千年目標再次提出了一系列援助計劃，包括向聯合國糧農組織捐款3000萬美元設立信託基金，用於幫助發展中國家提高農業生產能力的項目和活動；大幅增加援建發展中國家的農業技術示範中心、派往發展中國家的農業專家和技術人員和發展中國家來華留學生名額；免除最不發達國家2008年底對華到期未還的無息貸款，給予有關最不發達國家95%的產品零關稅待遇等一系列措施。
The global financial crisis, grain and energy security and climate change have all added complexity to the endeavor of meeting the MDGs in our region. Yet, China has become the first developing country to meet the target of poverty reduction of the MDGs ahead of schedule and done its best to contribute to the international efforts to meet the MDGs. To facilitate the implementation of the MDGs, Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council of China put forward a series of new assistance programs on behalf of the Chinese Government at the UN High-Level Event on MDGs last year. These programs include a donation of US$30 million to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization to establish a trust fund for projects and activities aimed at improving the agricultural productivity of developing countries; an increase of assistance to the construction of agricultural technology demonstration centers in developing countries; sending more Chinese agricultural experts and technicians to developing countries; accepting a greater number of students from developing countries; and giving zero-tariff treatment to 95% of products from relevant least developed countries. And China has already canceled the outstanding interest-free loans due by the end of 2008 extended to least developed countries.
主席先生，
Mr. Chairman,
聯合國亞太經社會爲落實千年發展目標、推動區域經濟社會可持續發展發揮了重要作用。新形勢下，聯合國亞太經社會可以通過改革創新、提高效率，爲促進亞太各國共同發展與繁榮做出更大貢獻。中國一向重視與聯合國亞太經社會的合作。面對國際和地區形勢廣泛而深刻的變化，我們將繼續支持聯合國亞太經社會的工作，加強與各成員的交流，爲建設亞太地區更加美好的未來做出不懈努力。
ESCAP has played an important role in implementing the MDGs and promoting sustainable economic and social development in this region. Under the new world situation, ESCAP can make greater contribution to the common development and prosperity of all Asia-Pacific countries through reform, innovation and improvement of its efficiency. China has always attached importance to its cooperation with ESCAP. In view of the extensive and profound changes in the international and regional situation, we will continue to support ESCAP, strengthen exchanges with other members and make continuous efforts for a better future of the Asia-Pacific region.
謝謝！
Thank you.
