雙語財經新聞 第73期:Facebook 前隱私官克莉絲·凱利的採訪
Last Wednesday, the same day that Mark Zuckerberg, the founder and C.E.O. of Facebook, announced that the company would revoke its controversial new anti—privacy privacy settings, Chris Kelly, the company’s former chief privacy officer, was in Los Angeles, killing an hour in a hotel lobby. Kelly, who has the stolid aspect, graying temples, and sober fashion sense of a Midwestern banker, is thirty-nine. When he was hired by Facebook, in 2005, he was the second-oldest person at the company; the next-oldest was twenty-eight.
He resignedin March, and is now running, as a Democrat, for attorney general of California. Kelly has never held elective office before, but at Facebook he was, in a sense, the “top cop” of a large and unruly community. There are versions of every serious crime you can imagine attempted on a network like Facebook, she said. “Any network of five hundred million humans will have a number of them trying to do bad things to each other at any given time.”
凱利於今年3月辭職，如今他正以民主黨人的身份參選加州司法部長。而在此 前，他從未擔任過競選公職。但是,從某種意義上來說，過去在Facebook擔任隱私官時，凱利就可以稱得上是這個龐大且難以駕馭的網絡社區的最高監管人了。他說: “就拿Facebook^說吧,網絡上各種形式的犯罪活動，你能想到多少就有多少。任何 一家社區，一旦擁有了5億用戶，那隨時會有很多人想着幹壞事。”Kelly started at Facebook after his friend Sean Parker, one of the founders of Napster, introduced him to Zuckerberg; at the time, there were twenty-five employees and two and a half million users, all of whom, by Facebook law, had an e-mail address ending in edu. During Kelly’s tenure, the site expanded rapidly, and the question of what constituted private information and what was public grew contentious.
凱利在Facebook的職業生涯是經朋友肖恩帕克(納普斯特的創始人)介紹給馬克·扎克伯格後開始的。那時公司有25個職員，50萬名用戶，按照Facebook的規定，所有用戶地址都是以edu.結尾。凱利任職時，Fackbook發展迅速，而對於 究竟什麼樣的信息算是隱私，而什麼信息又是公開的問題卻引發了越來越多的爭
First, there was Beacon, an advertising program that posted updates on users ’ pages whenever they ordered movie tickets on Fandango or, as in the case of a Massachusetts man, bought a diamond ring. “Who is this ring for?” the man’s wife wrote him in an instant message when she saw it in his news feed. “What ring?” he replied. The program prompted a class-action lawsuit，and Facebook discontinued it in 2009. Then, last summer, Facebook revised the privacy settings to introduce new controls over the dissemination of information, some of which resulted in even more user data becoming visible on the Internet.
例如，無論用戶是否在Fandango上訂購電影票，都會有一個名爲Beacon的廣告程序將用戶的行爲公之於衆。就拿一個馬薩諸塞州人事來說吧。這個人買了一個鑽戒,當他的妻子在他的更新信息中看到這條消息時，便發了一條即時信息詢問他的 丈夫，而丈夫卻回答說：“什麼戒指?我從來沒買過” 。該程序隨即引發了用戶的集體訴訟。2009年，Facebook中止了該程序。隨後，去年夏天，Facebook修改了隱私設置， 並引入了新的信息傳播控制方式，但其中一些控制方式卻將更多的用戶信息散播 到互聯網上。Kelly himself is circumspect. On the ballot, he will be described as an “attorney/businessman. Regarding the fortune he amassed working for Facebook, he said, omitting even the personal pronoun, “Gonna be very comfortable, but obviously don’t talk about specifics. “He did, however, say, “We’ve sunk about $9.6 million into this race already, my wife and I.” That expenditure, and his Silicon Valley background, can be an invitation to unwelcome comparisons. “l’m different from the other tech executives in the race,” he said. “Unlike Meg Whitman or Carly Fiorina, I vote. My opponent who keeps trying to call me Mini-Megw — that would be Kamala Harris, the district attorney of San Francisco — “her book was actually ghostwritten by Meg Whitman’s ghostwriter.”（Both books credita co-author, Joan O’C. Hamilton，on their covers.)
凱利本來就是一個非常謹慎的人。在競選時,他說自己既是一名律師，也是一 名商人。在回答有關他在Facebook工作期間所積累的財富時，他說待遇非常豐厚，但具體多少是不該談的”。但是，他也說道我和我妻子在這場競選中已經投入了大概1960萬美元。”這筆開銷，加上他在硅谷的背景，可能會輙令人不快的對比。“我和其它技術主管不同”,他說,“我想我和梅格?惠特曼還有卡莉?菲奧莉納不同 的地方在於，我會去投票。我的對手一直都叫我小梅格。可事實上，她的書卻是由梅 格的代寫人代寫的。”原來，這兩人書的封面上都寫着一個名叫瓊·漢密爾頓的人。 而凱利提到的這個對手就是舊金山地方檢察官卡瑪拉·哈里斯。On his personal Facebook page, Kelly maintains a strict policy of what he might call “identity — and authenticity-based experience.” He said, “My rule is that I do have to personally know someone in order for them to be my friend. Most of my content is friends and friends-of-friends only.
在他的Facebook個人網頁上,凱利嚴格執行着所謂的身份和真實性。“我的準 則是，我必須親自確定某人是否是我的好友。”他說我的目錄裏面只有‘好友’以及‘好友的好友，”。He had, at last check, 2,521 friends. Some of Kelly’s friends include Roger McNamee, of the private-equity firm Elevation Partners, which last year reportedly bought one per cent of Facebook, for ninety million dollars; Reid Hoffman, a founder of Linkedln; and Marc Andreessen, who invented the browser. “I know quite a bit of the crew,” Kelly said. He went over to his laptop, which sat open on a nearby table, and pulled up his Facebook page.
據最新統計，凱利共有2521個好友，包括私人股權公司Elevation Partners的羅傑·麥克奈米（據報道，此人去年花9000萬美元購買了Facebookl0%的股份)。 Iinkedln創始人雷德·霍夫曼以及瀏覽器開發者馬克·安德森。“我對這些人非常瞭解。”說着，他來到放在附近桌上的手提電腦旁，打開他的Facebook網頁。There was a picture of him, in a parka，holding his twenty-month-old son, Aidan. Then he clicked onto his campaign page, where he has 18,736 fans. (According to the most recent privacy controls, those who “like” the page will no longer have that information automatically displayed for everyone to see.) Kelly scrolled through some of his fans. “There’s Mark! ” he said, lighting on a picture of his old boss.
上面有一張他的照片,穿着風雪大衣，抱着他二十個月大的兒子艾丹。之後他點擊自己的競選網頁，上面有他的18736個粉絲。（根據最近的隱私控制方式，那些 “喜歡”該網頁的人再也不能將信息自動展示給別人了）。凱利用鼠標滾動工具欄， 瀏覽其中一些粉絲。“瞧，這還有馬克呢！”凱利說道。原來，他在這些粉絲中發現了 自己在Facebook時的老闆馬克·扎克伯格。Speaking of friends, a few years ago Kelly arranged for a meeting between Mark Zuckerberg and Mayor Michael Bloomberg, because, he said, “We wanted him to have friends in politics.” As the three of them sat together in the bullpen at City Hall, Zuckerberg asked the Mayor why he went from running businesses to serving in public office. “Mayor Bloomberg said something that has stuck with me through this race,” Kelly said. “He said, Politics is traditionally about the evasion of responsibility. I wanted to change that. I couldn’t think of a better way to encapsulate what I’m trying to do here.”
說到他的好友,凱利幾年前曾安排扎克伯格和市長邁克爾·布隆伯格會面。他 說，“我想讓他倆成爲政治上的好友。”當他們三人一起坐在市政廳休息室時，扎克伯格問市長,爲何從商人轉做公職人員。“市長當時對我們說，他競選市長時,總有 一些事情困擾着他，因爲從事政治一直是逃避責任的一種方式。他想改變這一點。 而我找不到更好的方法來講述我現在試圖去做的事情。”凱利這樣說道。Kelly packed up his computer: it was time to go. He was on his way to a fund -raiser at the home of his old friends Marvin and Keri Putnam — he’s a prominent First Amendment litigator, and she’s the new executive director of the Sundance Institute. The event was just for friends and friends-of-friends. “It’s a privacy setting,”Kelly said.
採訪結束後,凱利收起他的電腦。他要去老朋友馬文和凱瑞·帕特南的家裏會見一名競選捐款人。他的朋友馬文是一位傑出的律師，主攻憲法第一修正案,而凱瑞·帕特南則是聖丹斯協會新任的執行理事。這次的會面只在好友和好友的好友之 間進行。‘‘這就是隱私設置’”凱利不無風趣地說道。
