2020年9月四級翻譯預測：中國菜
四級考試臨近，爲了幫助廣大考生過級，特開闢新欄目，每天一篇翻譯練習（選取最有可能考的翻譯題材、段落），供大家日常練習用。
聲明：押題只是練習翻譯手感，積累話題詞彙，練習常考句式結構，切勿迷信。
中國菜
01
中國菜舉世聞名，而菜名更是詼諧有趣，妙趣橫生，充滿中國人的智慧。
很多菜名用字典雅瑰麗，充滿吉祥喜慶之氣，諸如把豆苗(bean seedling)比作“龍鬚”，雞蛋美名“芙蓉(Confederate rose)”或“鳳凰”，雞爪稱“鳳爪”，豆腐(tofu)叫成“白玉”，等。
不少菜名豪華氣派，美不可言，有種湯叫“珍珠瑪瑙(agate)翡翠湯”，只是豆腐、番茄加青菜。
一些含有祝賀或象徵吉祥的菜名，如竹筍炒排骨是 “步步高昇”。
有些菜名採用的是成語，蘿蔔絲上放根紅辣椒表示“踏雪尋梅”。
參考翻譯：
Chinese dishes are world-famous, and the dish names are humorous, interesting and full of wits/ fully embodying the wisdom of Chinese people.
Many dishes are named with elegant and magnificent characters and are full of auspicious and festive atmosphere. For example, the bean seedling is called “dragon beard”，egg is called “Confederate rose” or “phoenix”，chicken claw is called “phoenix talon”，tofu is called “white jade” and so on.
Many dish names are in luxurious style and their beauty is beyond words. For example，there is a soup called “soup of pearl, agate and jade”，but its ingredients are only tofu, tomatoes and vegetables.
Some dish names express congratulation or symbolize auspiciousness, such as pork ribs fried with bamboo shoots is called “higher and higher' .
Some dish names are idioms，such as turnip strips with a red pepper is called “looking for plum flowers while treading on the snow”.
難點點撥：
1.吉祥喜慶之氣：full of auspicious and festive atmosphere
2.珍珠瑪瑙翡翠湯：soup of pearl, agate and jade
3.步步高昇：higher and higher
4.踏雪尋梅：looking for plum flowers while treading on the snow
中國菜
02
中國菜(cuisine)是中國各地區、各民族各種菜餚的統稱，也指發源於中國的烹飪方式。
中國菜歷史悠久, 流派(genre)衆多，主要代表菜系有“八大菜系”。
每一菜系因氣候、地理、歷史、烹飪技巧和生活方式的差異而風格各異。
中國菜的調料(seasoning)豐富多樣，調料的不同是形成地方特色菜的主要原因之一。中國菜強調色、香、味俱佳，味是菜餚的靈魂。
中國飲食文化博大精深，作爲世界三大菜系之一的中國菜，在海內外享有盛譽。
參考翻譯:
Chinese cuisine is a general term for the various foods from diverse regions and ethnic groups of China. It also refers to cooking styles originating from China.
With a long history, Chinese cuisine has a number of different genres, the main representatives of which are "Eight Cuisines".
Every cuisine is distinctive from one another due to the differences in climate, geography, history, cooking techniques and lifestyle.
Chinese cuisine contains a rich variety of seasonings, which is one of main factors contributing to different local special dishes. Chinese cuisine lays emphasis on the perfect combination of color, flavor, and taste, and the soul of the dishes in taste.
The culture of Chinese cuisine culture is extensive and profound, and Chinese cuisine, one of the Three World Cuisines, enjoys a reputation home and abroad.
難點點撥：
1.第一句話的漢語由兩個分句組成，句子較長，在譯成英文時，可把它拆分成兩句。“也指發源於中國的烹飪方式”可單獨譯成一句also refers to cooking styles originating from China，這樣可以更好的體現兩句的並列關係。
2.第二句話由三個分句組成。翻譯時將“中國菜流派衆多”譯爲主句，“歷史悠久”用with a history of...來表達，“主要代表菜系有…”則用非限制性定語從句表示。這樣可以使譯文結構緊湊，句式多樣。
3.第三句中的“風格各異”可以用be distinctive from表達，比用have different styles更地道。
4.在“中國菜強調色、香、味俱佳”中，“色、香、味俱佳”的英文翻譯並沒有逐字的對應，因而增譯了combination，把漢語中暗含的意思完整地表達出來。
中國菜
03
中國是一個幅員遼闊、資源豐富、歷史悠久的多民族國家，每個民族都有其獨特的豐富菜餚。
地域菜系在地理環境、氣候、文化傳統、民族風俗和其他因素的影響下經過悠久歷史的發展已經成形。
最有影響力、最具代表性的是魯、川、粵、閩、蘇、浙、湘、徽菜系，這八種被人們稱爲“八大菜系”。
中國的“八大菜系”是以多種多樣的烹飪方法區分的，各有其長處。
參考譯文：
China is a time-honored multi-ethnics nation with a vast territory and abundant resources, and every ethnic group has its unique abundant dishes.
Regional cuisines have taken shape after long-history evolution under the influence of geographical environment, climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors.
The most influential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan，Yue, Min, Su，Zhe, Xiang and Hui Cuisines, which are commonly known as “Eight Major Cuisines”.
Dishes in the “Eight Major Cuisines”in China are characterized by diversified cooking skills, with each having its strong points.
難點點撥：
幅員遼闊 a vast territory
資源豐富 abundant resources
歷史悠久 time-honored
民族、多民族 ethnics/multi-ethnics
獨特的 unique
豐富菜餚 abundant dishes
地域菜系 Regional cuisines
地理環境 geographical environment
氣候 climate
文化傳統 cultural tradition
民族風俗 folk customs
經過悠久歷史的發展 after long-history evolution
成形 take shape
最有影響力的 the most influential
最具代表性的 the most representative
菜系 XX Cuisines
多種多樣的烹飪方法 diversified cooking skills
以……方法區分的 be characterized by
各有長處 each has its strong points/ each has its own advantages
以上就是今天的內容啦~
祝大家順利過關！
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