2020年9月四級翻譯預測：孔子
四級考試臨近，爲了幫助廣大考生過級，特開闢新欄目，每天一篇翻譯練習（選取最有可能考的翻譯題材、段落），供大家日常練習用。
聲明：押題只是練習翻譯手感，積累話題詞彙，練習常考句式結構，切勿迷信。
孔子
孔子(Confucius)是中國歷史上影響最大、最受尊重的哲學家。從公元前100年到20世紀早期，孔子的理念是唯一一種極大影響中國社會的思想。
孔子本人從未寫下任何箴言(teachings)。如果不是他的弟子不辭勞苦記下他的談話和言論，今天孔子將是無名之輩。
孔子的言論在中國廣爲流傳時，因其言論包含正確的哲理，人們接受了他的言論，歷朝歷代都將其確立爲官方思想。儒家思想影響了中國的方方面面，包括教育、政府、公共和個人看法以及禮節。
參考譯文:
Confucius is the most influential and respected philosopher in Chinese history. His philosophy/ideas have exerted great influence on Chinese society from around 100 B.C. till the early 20th century.
Confucius never wrote down any of his own teachings. But for his disciples (弟子) who took the trouble to record his conversations and discourses, Confucius would have been a nobody today.
Being widespread across China, people accepted the teachings of Confucius for his sound principles, and all successive dynasties made them the official state ideology.
Confucianism then affected every aspects of Chinese society, including education, government, public and private attitudes, and etiquette.
難詞難句：
1.影響最大、最受尊重的:可譯爲the most influential and respected。
2.對…有影響:可譯爲have an influence on...,influence前面可以加形容詞來修飾。
3.寫下:可譯爲write down。
4.如果不是…:可譯爲but for…或者if not for…。
5.不辭勞苦:可用take the trouble to do sth.來表達。
6.無名之輩:可譯爲nobody。
7.言論:這裏的“言論”是指孔子的教導學說，可譯爲teachings,意爲“學說，箴言”。
8.歷朝歷代:可譯爲all successive dynasties。
9.官方思想:即official state ideology。其中ideology意爲“思想體系，思想意識”。
其他相關段落：
孔子(ConfUcius)是一位思想家、政治家，教育家，也是中國儒學(the Ru School)思想的創始人。儒學(Confucianism)，這個道德和宗教哲學的大系統建立在孔聖人(Master Kung)的教學上。馮友蘭，中國思想史上20世紀偉大的的權威之一，把孔子在中國歷史上的影響比作西方的蘇格拉底。
參考譯文:
Confucius was a thinker, political figure, educator, and founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought.
Confucianism, the great system of moral and religious philosophy, was built upon the teachings of Master Kung.
Fung You-lan, one of the great 20th century authorities on the history of Chinese thought, compares Confucius' influence in Chinese history with that of Socrates in the West.
以上就是今天的內容啦~
祝大家順利過關！
