伊朗與六國達成里程碑式的核協議

Iranian Foreign Minister Mohamad Javad Zarif waves from a balcony of the Palais Coburg where closed-door nuclear talks were held in Vienna, Austria.

閉門核談判在奧地利維也納結束後，伊朗外長穆罕默德•賈瓦德•扎裏夫(Mohamad Javad Zarif)在寇寶宮(Palais Coburg)陽臺上揮手致意。

Six world powers and Iran have agreed a breakthrough deal to wind back the country’s progress towards building a nuclear bomb in exchange for a sweeping reversal of international economic sanctions, bringing to a close nearly a decade of isolation for the Islamic Republic, according to officials involved in the talks.

世界六大國與伊朗達成一項突破性協議，以逆轉伊朗建造核彈的進程。與會官員表示，作爲回報，國際社會將全面解除對伊朗的經濟制裁，結束該國受到的將近10年的孤立。

Details of the deal — including the crucial timings and scope of sanctions relief for Iran and the range of access international nuclear inspectors will be granted over Iran’s sensitive nuclear sites — are expected to be announced later on Tuesday.

協議詳細內容——包括解除對伊制裁的關鍵時點和範圍、以及國際覈查人員將被允許進入伊朗敏感核設施的哪些地方——預計將於週二晚些時候宣佈。

EU foreign affairs chief Federica Mogherini and Iranian foreign minister Mohammad Javad Zarif will hold a press conference at Vienna’s UN centre in the next couple of hours.

幾小時後，歐盟(EU)外交事務負責人費代麗卡•莫蓋里尼(Federica Mogherini)和伊朗外長穆罕默德•賈瓦德•扎裏夫將在維也納的聯合國中心召開記者招待會。

Capping two years of protracted, difficult negotiations, the deal — finally agreed on Tuesday morning in Vienna — will put in place hard limits on Tehran’s nuclear activities for the next decade and, within weeks, begin to reconnect the $400bn Iranian economy with the world.

週二上午達成的核協議，爲兩年來拖拖拉拉的艱難談判畫上了句號。該協議將爲伊方未來十年的核活動設置嚴格的限制，並將在數週內開始讓規模達4000億美元的伊朗經濟重新與世界對接。

It will be hailed by many as one of the most significant foreign policy success of Barack Obama’s US presidency and decried by others — including some of Washington’s closest Middle East allies — as one of its most egregious failures.

該協議將被許多人譽爲巴拉克•奧巴馬(Barack Obama)在美國總統任期內實現的最重要外交政策成就之一，也會被一些人（包括部分美國最親密的中東盟友）貶斥爲他在此期間的最大失敗之一。

Tuesday’s deal brings to a close a marathon two-week stretch of discussions between Iran and its interlocutors — the US, Russia, France, China, the UK and Germany — that have set precedents and broken records.

週二達成的協議爲伊朗與其談判對手（美國、俄羅斯、法國、中國、英國和德國）之間長達兩週的馬拉松談判畫上了句號。這次談判不但創造了先例，也打破了紀錄。

Oil prices fell more than 2 per cent as news of the deal broke.

協議達成的消息傳出後，石油價格下跌了逾2%。

Since they began, the talks have involved the highest-level diplomacy seen between Iran and the US since the overthrow of the Shah in 1979 and they have demanded the highest-level of commitment. No secretary of state has dedicated as much time to a single diplomatic objective as John Kerry.

這場談判開始後，伊美兩國之間的外交互動級別之高是1979年伊朗國王被推翻以來從未有過的，兩國最高層也根據形勢需要做出了一些承諾。沒有哪位美國國務卿像約翰•克里(John Kerry)這樣，在某一外交目標上投入了這麼多時間。

Perhaps most significantly, though, if the agreement holds, it will be the first ever case in which a country subject to chapter seven sanctions by the UN Security Council has exited them through diplomacy, rather than war.

但最重要的或許是，如果上述協議成立的話，將是首次有一個聯合國安理會(UN Security Council)依據《聯合國憲章》第七章對其制裁的國家，通過外交而非戰爭擺脫了制裁。

Attention will now turn to Washington and Tehran, where hardliners have been set on trying to scupper the talks for months. In the US, Congress will now have two months to scrutinise the agreement and then vote on whether it should be upheld. In Iran, the majlis, the country’s parliament, will also vote on the text, but it does not have a fixed timetable for doing so.

現在，人們的注意力將轉向華盛頓和德黑蘭。數月來，美伊兩國的強硬派一直在固執地企圖破壞談判。美國國會現在將有兩個月時間仔細審議該協議，然後投票表決是否應該支持該協議。伊朗議會也將對協議文本進行投票表決，但何時投票並無固定的時間表。