中國經典成語故事兩篇

在中華民族五千年的傳統文化中，成語故事是漢語中的璀璨明珠，是中華民族語言的瑰寶。我們可以通過這些歷史成語故事去了解中華民族悠久的歷史、高超的智慧和歷久彌新的語言文字。下面本站小編爲大家帶來中國經典成語故事兩篇，歡迎大家閱讀!

　中國經典成語故事：後來居上

Ji Anlived at the time of Emperor Wudi of the Western Han Dynasty (206 B.C.-A.D.24). He was respected for being upright and just and for daring to speak the truth. He did not bother about amall matters in personal behaviour and in being an official. He was particular about actual effects and ,although he did not cause a stir ,he could keep the prefecture he governed in perfect order. Because of this. the imperial court transferred him to the central government from being the perfect of the Donghai Prefecture to being a commander in charge of the appointment and dismissal of the local officals.

汲黯是西漢武帝時代人，以剛直正義、敢講真話而受人尊重。他爲人和做官都不拘小節，講求實效。雖然表面上不那麼轟轟烈烈，卻能把一個郡治理得井井有條，因此，朝廷把他從東海太守調到朝廷當主爵都尉——一種主管地方吏任免的官職。

Once,Emperor Wudi said that he would implement the policy of benevolence and justice of Confucianism and would do good turns to the ror Wudi Had hardly finished his remards when Ji An said that there was no need for the emperor to say should the emperor bother,Ji An said, about pretending to implement the policy of benevolence and justice since he was so greedy and avaricious within himself? This choked the emperor off. The emperor suddenly Changed his countenance and declared the meeting over. All the civilian and military officers at court were breathless with anxiety for fear that Ji An might bring disaster upon himself because of this. After returning, Emperor Wudi said to the people around him that Ji An was a little too rude and too straightforward.

有一次，漢武帝說要實行儒家的仁義之政，爲老百姓辦好事了。沒等皇帝把話說完，汲黯就說：“陛下內心裏那麼貪婪多欲，表面上卻要裝得實行仁政，這是何苦呢?”一句話把皇帝噎了回去。漢武帝登時臉色大變，宣佈罷朝，滿朝文武都爲汲黯捏着一把汗，擔心他會因此招來大禍。武帝回到宮裏以後，對身邊的人說，汲黯這個人也未免太粗太直了。

For this reason ,Ji An was never promoted again. When he was the commander in charge of the appointment and dismissal of the local officials, both Gongsun Hong and Zhang Tang were low -ranking lfficials of little importance. Later ,they were promoted continuously. Gongsun Hong became the prime minister and Zhang Tang became the imperial censor. However, JiAn's post remained thesame. One day, Ji An said to Emperor Wudi that the way the emperor used his ministers was just like piling up firewood, which meant that the latecomers surpassed the old-timers. Of course, Emperor Wudi could see that Ji An was complaining. So,turning to his ministers, Emperor Wudi said, "It is true that no one can stop see, Ji An is making more and more indiscreet remarks."

從此以後，汲黯的官職再也沒有提升。他當主爵都尉的時候，公孫弘、張湯都還是不起眼的小官，後來，他們一個勁兒住上升，公孫弘當上了丞相，張湯做上了御史大夫，可他汲黯還蹲在原地沒動窩。有一天，汲黯對武帝說，陛下使用羣臣，跟碼劈柴一樣，是“後來者居上”啊!漢武帝當然聽得出這是發牢騷。於是，轉臉對臣下們說：“人真是不能不學習啊!你們聽汲黯說話，越來越離譜了!”

This story comes from The Historical Records. Later generations use the set phrase "the latecomers surpass the old-timers " to indicate that successors can cxcel the predecessors, which is quite different from the original idea when Ji An said that the latecomers surpassed the old-timers.

　中國經典成語故事：胸有成竹

In the song Dynasty (960-1279),there was a scholar whose name was Wen Tong and who styled himself Yuke. He was not only admired by others for his great learning, but also enjoyed widespread renown for his bamboo drawing. Every day there were always quite a few peoply who called at his house to ask for one of his bamboo drawings.

北宋畫家文同，字與可。他畫的竹子遠近聞名，每天總有不少人登門求畫。文同畫竹的妙訣在哪裏呢?

Actually, Wen Tong loved bamboos so much that he had grown various bamboos everywhere around his house. No matter what season it was and no matter whether it was sunny or rainy, he used to go to the bamboo forest to observe how they were growing. He pondered over the lenght and breadth of the bamboo poles as well as the shapes and colours of the leaves. Whenever he had gained a new understanding, he went back to his study, spread a piece of paper and prepareed some ink by rubbing an ink stick on an ink slab, and drew what was in his mind on the paper. Through accumulation over a long period of time, the images of the bamboo in different seasons, under different weather conditions and at different moments were deeply imprinted in his whenever he stood before the paper and picked up a painting brush with concentrated attention, the various forms of the bamboo which he had observed at ordinary times at once rose before his eyes. And so every time he was drawing bamboos he appeared confident and at ease, and all the bamboos he had painted were very vivid and true to lift.

原來，文同在自己家的房前屋後種上各種樣的竹子，無論春夏秋冬，陰睛風雨，他經常去竹林觀察竹子的生長變化情況，琢磨竹枝的長短粗細，葉子的形態、顏色，每當有新的感受就回到書房，鋪紙研墨，把心中的印象畫在紙上。目積月累，竹子在不同季節、不同天氣、不同時辰的形象都深深地印在他的心中，只要凝神提筆，在畫紙前一站，平日觀察到的各種形態的竹子立刻浮現在眼前。所以每次畫竹，他都顯得非常從容自信，畫出的竹子，無不逼真傳神。

When people spoke highly of his paintings, he always said modestly that he had just put the images of the bamboo imprinted in his mind on the paper.

當人們誇獎他的畫時，他總是謙虛地說：“我只是把心中琢磨成熟的竹子畫下來罷了。”

A young man wanted to learn bamboo drawing; when he knew that Chao Buzhi had made a profound study of Wen Tong's art of drawing, he went to Chao Buzhi for instruction. Chao Buzhi wrote a poem to him. In the poem, there are the following two lines:

When Yuke was painting the bamboos,

He bad their images ready in his bosom.

有位青年想學畫竹，得知詩人晁補之對文同的畫很有研究，前往求教。晃補之寫了一首詩送給他，其中有兩句：“與可畫竹，胸中有成竹。”

Later people have summarized the lines as " having had the images of the bamboo ready in one's bosom," which means having had ready plans or designs in one's mind before doing a certain job so that its success is guaranteed. It is also used go mean being calm and cool - headed in dealing with things.

“胸有成竹”，比喻做事之前已作好充分準備，對事情的成功已有了十分的把握;又比喻遇事不慌，十分沉着。