俄報復西方驅逐德國及波蘭外交官

MOSCOW — Russia has deported several Polish and one German diplomat in recent days, the latest in a series of tit-for-tat expulsions that have come along with mounting tensions between Russia and European governments over the crisis in Ukraine.

莫斯科——近日，俄羅斯驅逐了幾名波蘭外交官和一名德國外交官，這是一系列針鋒相對的驅逐事件中最近的一起。之所以會採取這種舉動，是因爲俄羅斯與歐洲國家的關係，因爲烏克蘭危機而變得日益緊張。

The Russian Foreign Ministry announced on Monday that "a number of Polish diplomats" were being sent home in retaliation for the "unfriendly and unfounded" expulsion of Russian diplomats from Poland this month.

俄羅斯外交部週一宣佈，“一些波蘭外交官”將被遣送回國，以回敬波蘭本月對俄羅斯外交官“不友好且無根據”的驅逐。

Separately, the German government said on Monday that one of its diplomats had been asked to leave Russia in what it called a "retaliatory measure," confirming a report in Der Spiegel over the weekend.

德國政府週一單獨表示，一名德國外交官被要求離開俄羅斯，德方稱這是“報復性舉措”。德國政府的這一表態印證了《明鏡》雜誌(Der Spiegel)週末的一篇報道。

Czarek Sokolowski/Associated Press

俄羅斯駐華沙大使館，攝於週一。俄羅斯與波蘭官方確認，兩國相互驅逐了對方的外交官。

Relations between Russia and the West are at their worst since the Cold War, despite the tentative cease-fire between the Ukrainian government and the pro-Russian separatists in Ukraine's southeast. Fighting has continued to simmer there, and each side has accused the other of repeatedly violating the agreement.

俄羅斯與西方的關係進入了冷戰以來最糟糕的狀態，儘管烏克蘭政府與烏克蘭東南部的親俄分裂分子已初步達成停火協議。當地的戰鬥仍難平息，雙方都指責對方多次違反協議。

Meanwhile, Western governments have imposed sanctions on Russia for its seizure of Crimea and its support for the rebels, and Moscow has retaliated with import bans on some Western products.

同時，因爲俄羅斯奪取克里米亞並支持反叛分子，西方政府對其實施了制裁；作爲迴應，莫斯科也開始禁止進口一些西方產品。

The rhetorical temperature has been rising. President Petro O. Poroshenko of Ukraine said in an interview with the German newspaper Bild that though Ukraine prefers peace, it is "prepared for a scenario of total war."

雙方的措辭也變得日益激烈。烏克蘭總統彼得羅·O·波羅申科(Petro O. Poroshenko)在接受德國報紙《圖片報》(Bild)的採訪時說，雖然烏克蘭更希望和平，但它“已經爲爆發全面戰爭做好了準備”。

For his part, President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia told the German television station ARD in an interview released on Sunday that he was concerned about "ethnic cleansings" in Ukraine and the possibility that the country could become "a neo-Nazi state." He said that Russia would not allow Ukraine "to annihilate everyone there, all of their political foes and opponents," suggesting that the Russian military could carry on more covert incursions into eastern Ukraine.

俄羅斯總統弗拉基米爾·V·普京(Vladimir V. Putin)則在週日播出的一則採訪中，告訴德國電視臺ARD，他對烏克蘭的“民族清洗”和烏克蘭變爲“一個新納粹國家”的可能性感到擔心。他表示，俄羅斯決不允許烏克蘭“消滅那裏的所有人，他們所有的政敵和對手”，這表明俄羅斯軍方將對烏克蘭東部發動更多隱蔽的進攻行動。

Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany warned in a speech in Sydney, Australia, on Monday that the mounting frictions could have grave consequences.

週一，德國總理安格拉·默克爾(Angela Merkel)在澳大利亞悉尼的演講中警告稱，不斷升級的摩擦可能會帶來嚴重後果。

Stressing the importance of learning the lessons from the world wars that devastated the Continent, Ms. Merkel said that "old-fashioned thinking in spheres of influence, where international rights are being trampled, cannot continue."

默克爾強調，各國必須從世界大戰中汲取教訓，稱“關注勢力範圍的舊式思維，即國際權利遭到踐踏的局面，不能再繼續下去”。

According to a copy of her speech released by her office in Berlin, Ms. Merkel noted that "there are still powers in Europe that refuse reciprocal respect and conflict resolution through democratic means that follow the rule of the law, that count on the alleged right of the strong and disregard the strength of the law." She added, "This is exactly what happened at the beginning of the year, when Russia annexed Crimea in violation of international law."

根據默克爾在柏林的辦公室所發佈的演講稿，默克爾指出，“歐洲仍有些大國拒絕互相尊重，拒絕通過符合法治原則的民主途徑來解決衝突，而是依賴於強國所宣稱的權利，不尊重法律權威。”她接着說，“今年年初的情況正是如此，當時俄羅斯違反國際法，吞併了克里米亞。”

Ms. Merkel lamented the damage that had been done to "the friendship that has been established between Russia and Germany in the past 10 to 15 years," relations that she said were "a good foundation for the development of relations, not only between our two states, but also between Russia and Europe as a whole."

默克爾對“俄羅斯與德國在過去10至15年裏建立的友誼”受到破壞感到惋惜，她形容這種友誼“爲發展兩國關係，以及俄羅斯與歐洲的關係，奠定了良好的基礎”。

"It will be a pity if we let it go to waste," she said.

她說，“如果白白糟蹋這種友誼，那會很可惜。”

European Union foreign ministers decided on Monday to broaden the union's sanctions against individual leaders of the pro-Russian rebellion, but did not adopt any new economic sanctions against Russia.

歐盟各國外長週一決定，擴大歐盟對個別親俄叛亂領袖的制裁範圍，但沒有對俄羅斯實施新的經濟制裁。

The diplomatic expulsions have often come with direct or veiled accusations of spying.

上述驅逐外交官的舉動，通常伴有直接或含蓄的間諜指控。

The Russian Foreign Ministry statement about the Polish diplomats on Monday said they were being deported "for activity incompatible with their status." It did not give specifics about the expelled diplomats, but an official in the Polish Foreign Ministry said they were three military attaches and one employee in the embassy's political section.

俄羅斯外交部週一就驅逐波蘭外交官一事發表聲明稱，這些外交官因爲“一些不符合他們身份的行爲”遭到驅逐。聲明沒有提到這些外交官的詳細情況，但波蘭外交部的一名官員表示，遭到驅逐的是三名武官和使館政治處的一名官員。

The official, speaking on the condition of anonymity under the ministry's rules, said Poland had expelled equivalent people from the Russian embassy in Warsaw several weeks ago. "We expected Russians to respond in exactly the same manner, and so they did,” the official said. "As far as we are concerned, the case is closed."

這名官員表示，波蘭在幾周前驅逐了俄羅斯駐華沙大使館的四名官員。“我們預料到俄羅斯人會以同樣的方式迴應，他們的確這麼做了，”該官員說。“就我們而言，事件已經結束。”根據外交部的規定，這名官員要求匿名。

Poland deported the four Russian diplomats in connection with the arrests of a Polish Army officer and a Russian-born lawyer. Marek Biernacki, Poland's minister of justice, said both men were spies for the Main Intelligence Directorate, Russia's largest foreign intelligence agency.

波蘭逮捕了一名波蘭軍官及一名生於俄羅斯的律師，驅逐四名俄羅斯外交官的舉動與此事相關。波蘭司法部長馬雷克·別爾納茨基(Marek Biernacki)表示，被捕的兩人都是俄羅斯總參謀部情報總局(Main Intelligence Directorate)的間諜，該機構是俄羅斯最大的對外情報機構。

The German case was similar. The report in Der Spiegel said Germany had expelled a Russian diplomat for spying while stationed at the Russian consulate in Bonn, prompting the Russians to send a German diplomat home.

德國驅逐事件的情況與此相似。德國《明鏡》雜誌報道，德國因爲一名俄羅斯外交官在俄羅斯駐波恩領事館任職期間從事間諜活動而將其驅逐，促使俄羅斯將一名德國外交官遣送回國。

"We deeply regret this unjustified action, and have made this clear to the Russian government," said a German government official who did not give his name, in keeping with policy regarding sensitive diplomatic issues. He declined to give any further information.

一名德國政府官員表示，“我們對這種不正當的行動深感遺憾，並已經向俄羅斯政府闡明這一態度。”根據涉及敏感外交問題的政策，這名官員要求匿名。他拒絕透露更多信息。

Russia has leveled spying accusations of its own. On Saturday, a report on Russian state television claimed that Aleksejs Holostovs, a former member of the Latvian Parliament, had been expelled from Russia. In the report, Mr. Holostovs said he was sent to Russia to spy for Latvia's intelligence services, which he said were controlled by the C.I.A.

俄羅斯也提出了間諜指控。週六，俄羅斯國家電視臺報道稱，前拉脫維亞國會議員阿列克謝耶斯·霍洛斯托夫斯(Aleksejs Holostovs)被驅逐出俄羅斯。霍洛斯托夫斯在報道中表示，他被派到俄羅斯，是爲拉脫維亞情報機構開展間諜活動，他稱該情報機構受美國中央情報局(CIA)控制。

Russia has also claimed to have arrested an Estonian intelligence officer, Eston Kohver, on Russian soil carrying $6,000 in cash and a Taurus pistol. Estonia has said that Russian agents crossed the border under the cover of smoke grenades and electronic jamming to abduct Mr. Kohver.

俄羅斯還聲稱，在俄羅斯境內逮捕了一名愛沙尼亞情報官員伊斯頓·科瓦爾(Eston Kohver)。科瓦爾攜帶着6000美元（約合3.7萬元人民幣）現金和一把金牛座(Taurus)手槍。愛沙尼亞表示，俄羅斯情報人員在煙霧彈和電子干擾的掩護下，越過邊境劫走了科瓦爾。