長期久坐白領需謹慎 患腸癌或翻倍

For the millions of us who sit in front of a computer all day at work, it's not good news.
　　對成千上萬像我們這樣的每天都會在電腦前工作一整天的人來說，這的確不是一條好消息。

Spending ten years or more in a sedentary job almost doubles the risk of some types of bowel cancer, a study shows.

有研究顯示，從事十年以上的需要久坐不起的工作，這將使得罹患某種腸癌的機率翻一番。

Worse still, researchers found even workers who regularly keep fit or go to the gym are still twice as likely to get a tumour.

但更糟糕的是，研究者發現，既是有定期運動或去健身房的習慣也無濟於事，依舊有兩倍以上的可能出現腫瘤的情況。

The findings, published in the American Journal of Epidemiology, highlight the dangers of modern working patterns, where large numbers of employees are desk bound for hours at a time.

這本研究報告對於大批因工作緣故需要在辦公桌前花上很多時間的僱員敲響了警鐘。

The research also backs up earlier studies which showed men who sit down most of the day at their jobs are 30 per cent more likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer than those with very active occupations.

這份研究再一次證實了之前的發現，比起從事需要多跑動的工作的人來說，那些在一天中久坐不起的男性員工中，有30%的人有可能會患上前列腺癌。

More than 37,500 people a year in the UK are diagnosed with bowel cancer. The disease has a high mortality rate - around 16,000 a year - because many victims ignore early warning signs and only seek medical help once the cancer has advanced.

在英國每年有37500被查出患有腸癌，這種癌症的死亡率很高，達到了每年16000人，因爲有不少患者忽視了癌症初期的症狀，只是在被查出患病之後纔開始接受醫療治療。

Diets high in fat and red meat, as well as lack of exercise, are thought to be among the main risk factors.

要熱量及多紅肉的飲食，同時缺乏運動鍛鍊，這些都被認爲是癌症的誘因。

But the latest study, by a team of experts at the University of Western Australia, show long periods of physical inactivity during the day could also be a major risk - even among those who do a lot of exercise in their free time.

但一支西澳大利亞大學的專家隊伍研究發現，身體每天長時間的處於不活躍的狀態，同樣是引發危險的主要原因，既是是對於那些會在空餘時間運動的人來說也是如此。

Recent studies from the US suggest adults now spend around 55 per of their time at work sitting down.

最近，一份來自美國的研究指出，目前成人工作時間中的55%都是處於坐着的狀態。

The Australian researchers spoke to 918 bowel cancer victims and compared their working patterns with 1,021 cancer-free volunteers.

澳大利亞的研究者將918名腸癌患者的工作情況與1021名沒有癌症的人驚醒比較。

They were quizzed on their job history, lifestyles and levels of physical activity.

研究者詢問了患者的工作史、生活方式以及平時體育運動的程度。

The results showed employees who spent more than a decade in sedentary jobs were 94 per cent more likely to suffer a tumour in an area of the bowel known as the distal colon.

結果顯示，那些從事久坐不起工作10年以上的僱員有94%的可能會在被稱作末端結腸的部位長腫瘤。

This is a large part of the bowel which connects up with the rectum.

這是腸與直腸相連的主要部位。Researchers also found sedentary working patterns increased the chances of cancer of the rectum by 44 per cent over a ten-year period.

研究者們還發現，這些需要坐着工作的人患上癌症的風險會因十年的工作時間而增加44%。

The researchers said their findings suggest no amount of leisure time activity can offset the harm done from long periods of sitting down on the job.

研究者稱，即使在閒暇時間大量的運動也無助於抵消在工作上因上時間久坐而對於我們的身體健康所造成的危害。

In a report on their findings they said: 'We found those who spent the most time in sedentary work had a risk of distal colon cancer that was twice that of those who spent the most time in a job requiring light activity.

報告稱：“因工作的緣故長時間久坐不起的人，和那些會不時跑跑腿的員工相比，患上末端結腸癌的風險大大增加。”

'Even a high level of vigorous recreational physical activity did not modify the effect of sedentary work.'

“就算是在平時保持了充分的運動鍛鍊，這也無法減輕久坐造成的傷害。”

And they warned: 'The findings have occupational health implications, given that advances in technology have led to increasing amounts of sedentary behaviour at work.'

他們警告：“科技越發達，人們在辦公桌前坐着的時間就越長，這是對職業健康有很大的影響。”

Sitting down on the job is thought to lead to increased blood sugar levels and damage insulin production, both of which have been linked with the development of bowel cancer.

工作上久坐不起同時還容易引發高血糖，影響胰島素的分泌，這些都與腸癌的發病原因有直接關係。

It could also be that it leads to inflammation deep inside the body, another known risk factor for tumours, researchers said.

研究者還稱，這還會導致體內的炎症，從而導致了腫瘤發病的可能性，

Dr Claire Knight, health information officer at Cancer Research UK, said the findings back up other studies on physical inactivity and cancer.

英國癌症研究所的健康信息官克萊爾·奈特博士表示，這項研究證明了不運動與癌症的關係。

But she warned the findings need to be replicated in larger studies.

不過她也指出，這份報告還需要擴大研究範圍。

'This is a fairly small study which relied on asking people about their behaviour years ago, which can make it less reliable.

“這項研究只是詢問了很小一部分人在許多年前的生活習慣，這使得它的可靠性降低。”

'But it does reflect other larger studies which show that being physically inactive can mean a greater cancer risk.

“但它卻反映出了身體運動與癌症風險之間的因果關係。”

'Even small amounts of physical activity can be good for your health and add up over the course of the day and the more active we are the more we can help reduce our cancer risk.

“哪怕是每天很少量的運動對於身體都是有益的，運動量越大，預防癌症的功效便越高。”

'Being physically active also helps with keeping a healthy body weight, which we know can reduce the risk of many types of cancer.'

“身體運動也有助於保持健康的體重，這同時也會降低罹患多種癌症的風險。”