南非民衆禮拜堂內告別曼德拉

South Africans filled houses of worship on Sunday to remember their first black leader, Nelson Mandela, whose death last week sparked an outpouring of grief, remembrance and preparations for his hometown funeral and a memorial at a massive soccer stadium.

南非民衆週日聚集到禮拜堂內，緬懷他們的第一位黑人領袖納爾遜?曼德拉(Nelson Mandela)。曼德拉上週四去世，人們紛紛表達悲痛之情，舉行緬懷活動，併爲在他家鄉舉行的葬禮和將在一個體育場舉辦的大型紀念活動做準備。

Mr. Mandela, who died Thursday evening at his Johannesburg home at 95 years old, enjoyed near mythical status in the racially divided country, and President Jacob Zuma had designated Sunday as a day of prayer and reflection on his life.

曼德拉於上週四晚在約翰內斯堡的家中去世，享年95歲。在這個種族對立嚴重的國家，曼德拉享有近乎神話般的地位，南非總統祖馬(Jacob Zuma)已經宣佈週日爲祈禱日，紀念曼德拉的一生。

South African officials fanned out to different churches and synagogues, in what amounted to a fresh campaign to use the spirit of the late statesman to bridge the country's lingering societal divides.

南非官員分散來到各教堂和會堂，在這場相當於新一輪造勢的活動當中，利用這位剛過世政治家的精神來修補該國長期存在的社會分裂狀況。

'We should not forget the values that Madiba stood for and sacrificed his life for,' President Zuma told those gathered at a church in Johannesburg, using Mr. Mandela's clan name. 'He actively participated to remove the oppressor to liberate the people of this country. When our struggle came to an end, he preached and practiced reconciliation to make those who had been fighting to forgive one another and become one nation.'

南非總統祖馬在約翰內斯堡對聚集在一所教堂內的民衆說，我們不應該忘記，馬迪巴(Madiba)所代表的、他所爲之犧牲的那些價值觀。馬迪巴是曼德拉的部族名。他說，他積極投身於推翻壓迫者、解放我國人民的運動，當我們的奮爭到達終點的時候，他要求我們和解，讓那些曾經戰鬥過的人們彼此諒解，共同建設一個國家，並且爲此身體力行。

Meanwhile, in a Methodist church overlooking Mr. Mandela's rural home of Qunu, community members also gathered in song and prayer. 'We are here to give Madiba a peaceful journey,' said churchgoer Sabelo Ngqeleni. 'We will always remember his spirit.'

與此同時，與曼德拉在東開普省庫努(Qunu)農村的住處相望的一家衛理公會教堂，社區內人員還聚在一起唱歌、祈禱。經常到教堂禮拜的Sabelo Ngqeleni說，我們在這裏爲馬迪巴送行，祝他一路平安，我們會永遠記住他的精神。

The 50-year-old said it was because of Mr. Mandela's urging for all South Africans to go to school that he left a job as a gold miner to get a better education. He now works for the Eastern Cape Department of Agriculture and Land Affairs.

這名現年50歲的人士說，正因爲曼德拉敦促全南非人都去上學，他才放棄了掘金工的工作，去接受更好的教育。他現在爲東開普省農業和土地事務部(Eastern Cape Department of Agriculture and Land Affairs)工作。

The prayers marked the beginning of a weeklong mourning period ahead of the funeral for Mr. Mandela, who came to power in 1994 after 27 years in prison and died on Thursday.

祈禱活動標誌着在曼德拉的葬禮前長達一週的悼念期的開始。曼德拉於1994年上臺執政，此前他曾在獄中度過了27年。

More than two-dozen heads of state have confirmed their attendance at a memorial set for Tuesday at a 90,000-seat soccer stadium in Johannesburg, the presidency said on Sunday. It added that some of them may also attend Mr. Mandela's burial Sunday in his home village of Qunu, in South Africa's rural Eastern Cape province.

南非總統府說，20多名國家元首已經確認將參加定於週二舉行的紀念活動，活動將在約翰內斯堡的一個能容納9萬人的體育場內舉行。總統府還補充說，其中一些國家元首還將參加一週後在庫努爲曼德拉舉行的葬禮。

President Barack Obama and his wife, Michelle, will be coming to South Africa, along with former presidents Jimmy Carter, George W. Bush and Bill Clinton, the presidency said. In addition, 26 U.S. lawmakers are expected to attend Mr. Mandela's funeral proceedings.

南非總統府說，美國總統奧巴馬(Barack Obama)及夫人米歇爾(Michelle)將前往南非，同行的還將包括前總統卡特(Jimmy Carter)、前總統小布什(George W. Bush)、前總統克林頓(Bill Clinton)。除此之外，26名美國議員預計將參加曼德拉的葬禮。

In Qunu, Mr. Mandela will be buried in a stone plot surrounded by aloe plants overlooking the salmon pink home he built after his release from prison.

在庫努村，曼德拉將被安葬在一塊岩石地，墓地周圍生長着蘆薈科植物，與他在出獄後爲自己建造的橙紅色房屋相望。

In between Tuesday's memorial and Sunday's burial in Qunu, people will be invited to view Mr. Mandela's body lying in the capital Pretoria. For three days, his remains will be transported back and forth between a military hospital to a complex there called the Union Buildings, with South Africans expected to line the route to pay their respects.

在本週二的紀念儀式和一週之後的葬禮之間，人們會受邀到南非首都比勒陀利亞瞻仰曼德拉的遺體。在三天的時間內，他的遺體將在一座軍方醫院和一處名爲“聯合大廈”(Union Buildings)的建築之間來回運送，南非民衆將在運送沿線向曼德拉致哀。

Others outside South Africa have also begun to memorialize a liberation hero who became a global symbol of equal rights for oppressed people. South Africa's government said that Kashmir, the contested territory between India and Pakistan, declared five days mourning; Iran named a street after Mr. Mandela.

南非以外的其他人也已經開始紀念這位解放運動的英雄。他已經成爲全球爲被壓迫人民爭取平等權利的象徵。南非政府說，印度和巴基斯坦之間有爭議的克什米爾地區宣佈舉行爲期五天的哀悼活動；伊朗將一條街道用曼德拉的名字來命名。

For many in his hometown, the memories of Mr. Mandela were more personal. In his memoirs, Mr. Mandela says some of his fondest memories were of the time he spent playing in streams and stick fighting in Qunu. Today, the stream has dried up and the village struggles with high unemployment but Mr. Mandela is still seen as the man who brought freedom.

對曼德拉家鄉的很多人來說，對他的紀念更具個人色彩。曼德拉在他的回憶錄中說，他最難忘的回憶片段包括了在庫奴(Qunu)小溪中玩耍以及拿着棍子打鬧的時光。如今，小溪已經乾涸，而這個村子也面臨着高失業率，但曼德拉仍被視爲帶來自由的人。

Outside Mr. Mandela's house, a group of young men sat staring across the road. One said: 'It's too early to talk.'

在曼德拉的住所外，一羣年輕人坐在馬路對面凝視着房子。其中一人說，現在開口說些什麼還太早。

Other residents recall times Mr. Mandela would walk through Qunu, stopping to speak to people.

其他居民則回憶起曼德拉走過庫奴，停下來和人們交談的情形。

In 1995, not long after Mr. Mandela was elected president, Benjamin Xala said he was home at Christmas when he saw Mr. Mandela strolling past his house.

1995年，就在曼德拉被選舉爲總統後不久，本傑明?薩拉(Benjamin Xala)說他當時正在家中過 誕節，看到曼德拉從他家經過。

'I had no words so he said, 'aren't you going to come greet me?' Mr. Xala said, standing in his yard with a view of Mr. Mandela's house. 'We took pictures and the whole family met him.'

薩拉說：“我當時沒說話，所以曼德拉主動說‘你不來和我打個招呼嗎？’。我們隨後拍了照，我全家人都和他見了面。”在說這番話時，薩拉站在他的院子裏，從那裏可以看到曼德拉的住所。

The village chief of Qunu, Nokwanele Balizulu, said once she couldn't pay her child's school fees and Mr. Mandela helped.

庫奴村的村長Nokwanele Balizulu說，她曾經一度無法支付孩子的學費，曼德拉幫助了她。

With Mr. Mandela's passing, some in the village are concerned they lost a benefactor. In recent years, Mr. Mandela's ruling African National Congress has confronted so-called service delivery protests in predominantly black townships and villages among those fed-up with power outages, poor roads and a dearth of decent housing.

曼德拉逝世後，庫奴村的一些人擔心他們失去了一個給予他們幫助的人。近年來，曼德拉所在的執政黨非洲國民大會(African National Congress)一直在面臨所謂公共服務抗議活動的問題。這些抗議活動主要是在以黑人爲主的村鎮，由那些對停電、糟糕的道路狀況和缺乏良好住房不滿的人發起。

'I'm worried about this current government but we must release Mandela because he has worked hard for us,' said 71-year-old Beatrice Mathsqi, attending another prayer service in Mqhekezweni, where Mr. Mandela lived after Qunu.

71歲的Beatrice Mathsqi參加了曼德拉離開庫奴後的居住地Mqhekezweni的禱告活動。Mathsqi說，我對現任政府感到擔憂，但我們必須區別對待曼德拉，因爲他已經爲我們付出了巨大的努力。

Residents of Qunu are now preparing themselves for the influx of visitors in the coming days and years. Authorities are expanding a lone two-lane highway leading into the town. Hotels in the closest city with lodging and an airport, called Mthatha, have doubled prices this week. Qunu's resident are renting out their home for hundreds of dollars a night.

庫奴的居民目前正準備迎接未來數天和數年蜂擁而至的參觀者。當局正在擴建通往該村的唯一一條兩車道公路。離該村最近的、有機場和食宿服務的城市是Mthatha，那裏的酒店房價本週已經上漲了一倍。庫奴的居民則對外出租他們的房屋，價格爲數百美元一晚。

Police have closed a two-mile stretch of road in front of Mr. Mandela's house, diverting traffic from it. Four military trucks park in front of the house while event trucks come and go ahead of the Dec. 15 burial. Cranes behind the home were busy erecting scaffolding for a tent.

警方關閉了曼德拉住所前兩英里範圍的道路，車輛至此需繞行。住所前停着四輛軍用卡車，在12月15日葬禮前不斷有活動用車到來和離開。住所後面，吊車正忙於爲一個大帳篷搭建腳手架。

The day before his burial, the government said the family will have a private gathering and hold a traditional Xhosa ceremony, in honor of Mr. Mandela's ethnic group. Mr. Mandela embraced his Xhosa heritage, but he also showed deep loyalty for the ANC, the liberation party that brought together people of all ethnic groups.

南非政府說，在曼德拉葬禮前一天，曼德拉家人將單獨聚在一起，以曼德拉所屬科薩人(Xhosa)的傳統舉行一個儀式。曼德拉信奉科薩人的傳統，但他也表現出對非洲國民大會的忠誠，正是這個自由派政黨把南非各種族人民團結到了一起。

'I asked him once what will happen when he goes,' said Ms. Balizulu, the village chief of Qunu. 'He said he will look for an ANC office in heaven.'

庫奴村村長Balizulu說：我曾經問過曼德拉，你離世後會發生什麼。他說他會去天堂尋找一間非洲國民大會辦公室。