博科娃總幹事年國際寬容日致辭

Message from Ms. Irina Bokova, Director-General of UNESCO, on the Occasion of International Day for Tolerance
聯合國教科文組織總幹事伊琳娜·博科娃“國際寬容日”致辭

16 November 2016
2016年11月16日

In a world of diversity, tolerance is a prerequisite for peace. It is also a lever for sustainable development, as it encourages the construction of more inclusive and thus more resilient societies that are able to draw on the ideas, creative energy and talents of each of their members.
在一個多樣性的世界，寬容是和平的條件，也是促進可持續發展的動力，它有利於建設更具包容性和生命力的社會，並且能夠從社會的每個成員的思想、創造力和才幹中汲取營養。

Tolerance is often a minority idea and one that is sometimes threatened. In too many countries in the world I have noted the rise of doctrines based on withdrawal and rejection. I have noted that migratory crises, the tragic situation of refugees and armed conflicts are being used as tools to whip up hatred of the other, stigmatize minorities and legitimize discrimination. I have heard the rise in racist attitudes and stereotyping of religions and cultures, as it is said that different peoples cannot live together and that the world would be a better place if we returned to olden times when “pure cultures” lived alone, protected from outside influence, in a mythicized past that has never existed.
寬容作爲觀念，時常受到威脅，往往不佔多數。在當今世界太多的國家，我都注意到退縮和排斥的邏輯在擡頭。我還看到難民危機、難民慘狀或武裝衝突被作爲工具，用來煽動對他者的仇恨、對少數羣體的責難以及爲各種歧視披上合法外衣。我聽到此起彼伏的種族主義言論和關於宗教或文化的陳詞濫調，它們所鼓譟的是：不同的民族不可能生活在一起，如果迴歸到以往，迴歸到各個“純粹文化”與世隔絕不受外來影響的時代，迴歸到從來也不曾存在的被神話了的過去，世界會變得更好。

We must counter this tendency to isolationism by restoring strength and substance to the culture of tolerance. We must again emphasize the extent to which cultures are enriched by mutual exchange. We must remember the historical facts, recall how peoples and identities have mingled, engendering richer, more complex cultures with multiple identities. Using the living testimony of world heritage sites, we can show that no culture has ever grown in isolation, and that diversity is a strength, not a weakness. We must say again that tolerance is not naive or passive acceptance of difference: it is a fight for the respect of fundamental rights. Tolerance is not relativism or indifference. It is a commitment renewed every day to seek in our diversity the bonds that unite humanity.
針對這一自我退縮的邏輯，我們應該給寬容文化再次賦予力量和實質內容。我們應該重申，各種文化正是從相互交流中豐富發展起來的。我們應該記住那些歷史事實，記住各個民族和各種身份是如何彼此交融，並在彼此交融中孕育出更爲豐富複雜的文化，更爲多樣的身份。藉助世界遺產之石那些生動的見證，我們可以表明，從來沒有哪種文化在自我封閉中成長，多樣性是一種優勢而不是一種劣勢。我們應該再次重申，寬容不是對差異性的幼稚或被動接受，它是一場戰鬥，一場尊重基本權利的戰鬥。寬容不是相對主義或漠不關心，它是日常的努力，努力在我們的多樣性中尋求如何讓人類更加緊密地團結在一起。

The promotion of the spirit of tolerance is the source and purpose of UNESCO’s actions. It is inspired by the Declaration of Principles on Tolerance, adopted in 1995. It draws on many educational, cultural and scientific programmes, in the framework of the International Decade for the Rapprochement of Cultures (2013-2022), the International Coalition of Inclusive and Sustainable Cities, and the promotion of global citizenship education. These programmes need to be supported and relayed by public policies, in official speeches and in daily behaviour, in the media and in the streets of our towns and cities. I call upon all UNESCO’s Member States and all the citizens of the world to take up this message, to build together societies that are more inclusive, more peaceful and more prosperous, because they are more tolerant.
倡導寬容精神，是教科文組織行動的源泉和目標。其靈感來源是1995年通過的《寬容原則宣言》，其思想養料來自教育、科學及文化方面的諸多計劃，如國際文化和睦十年（2013‒2022年）、國際包容和可持續城市聯盟以及促進全球公民教育等。這些計劃需要得到公共政策的支持和傳導，在正式演講和日常行爲中都有所體現，在媒體和城市的大街小巷都有所響應。我呼籲教科文組織所有會員國和世界所有公民繼續傳遞這一訊息，共同打造因爲更加寬容而更加包容、和平和繁榮的社會。