奧巴馬教你公開演講的必勝絕招

Public speaking is a regular — and regularly feared — part of life, so it's important to refine your skills. This year, challenge yourself by learning to lecture like a pro. Here are four tips to help you polish your public speaking。

演講是生活常事，也是常常頭疼的事，所以提高演講能力很重要。今年，挑戰一下自己，學着像個演講家那麼去講話。以下提供四條小貼士，幫助你提高口才。

1. Assess yourself. What part of public speaking makes you nervous? Where have you slipped up in the past? One reason public speaking is so nerve-racking is because there's so much to manage — your presence, your words, your delivery, and your reaction. Determine your weakest points, from stuttering to stiff hands, in order to tailor your speech improvement。

1. 自我評估。講哪個部分會緊張？以前在什麼地方出過錯？演講之所以讓人神經緊張，是因爲演講過程中要掌控的東西很多——你的儀態、用詞、講話和反應。從說話結巴到手勢僵硬，找出自己最薄弱的地方，對症下藥。

2. Find opportunities to practice. It's hard to feel confident about speaking if it's something you rarely do, so look for the chance to polish your technique in everyday life. At a dinner party? Offer to give the toast. Working on a new project at the office? Present it at the weekly staff meeting. Public speaking is like anything else: the more you do it, the better you'll become, and the more comfortable you'll feel when the moment arises。

2. 多多練習。如果不怎麼講話，那麼講話就會沒自信。所以平日裏要找機會鍛鍊講話的能力。在晚會上，主動祝酒。工作上，每週員工會議演示新的工作項目。演講和其他事情一樣：熟能生巧，做得多再碰到就不怕了。

3. Dress the part. Confidence is crucial, and you'll be much more sure of yourself if you know that your appearance conveys a sense of authority. It's best to err on the dressy side when you plan to speak in front of an audience — and it's crucial that your clothes fit well. Tugging at the hem of your skirt or the sleeves of your blouse will distract both you and your audience. It's important to look put-together, and the focus should be on your words, not your outfit。

3. 注重穿着。自信至關重要，如果你的外表能給人一種權威感，就會更加自信。在觀衆面前演講的時候，最好在衣着上講究——並且衣服要合身。拉拉裙子、扯扯領子，會分散你和觀衆的注意力。穿着要統一得體，這樣觀衆的焦點就會在你的講話上，而不是衣着。

4. Prepare, prepare, prepare. Begin with standard prep techniques, like writing note cards and practicing in front of your friends, but also take the time to do some research. Find out as much as you can about your audience, the context of your speech, the environment, and the tools and media that will be available. Most importantly, be sure that you're achieving what was asked of you — confirm that you're answering the right question and fulfilling the expectations of your audience。

4. 準備準備再準備。做好前期基本準備工作，比如寫提示卡、排練給朋友看看，但也要花點時間去弄清其他事。儘可能弄清你的觀衆是些什麼人，瞭解演講內容的上下文，演講的環境，確保道具和多媒體到時能用。最重要的是，確定你在做的是你需要做的準備——如看是不是準備了恰當的問題，有沒有滿足觀衆的期望值。

Above all else, learn to relax. Everyone understands the stress and pressure involved with public speaking, so know that your audience will be empathetic toward your efforts. Just remember the basics — to stand up straight, smile, and make eye contact — and be yourself, because personality and genuine enthusiasm are key to making great connections。

演講過程中最重要的是，放輕鬆。大家都知道演講時壓力和緊張在所難免，所以觀衆會給予體諒。記住這些基本要素——站直、微笑、跟觀衆眼神交流，展示真實的自己，因爲人格的魅力和真摯的熱情是建立講者和觀衆良好關係的關鍵。