雙語故事:人狗情未了 狗與人的關係

There is a large square stone near a river in Northern Wales. Grass and trees surround it. This gray stone marks where someone is buried. One side of the burial stone is covered with writing. It tells this story:
微博上看到這樣一個人與狗的故事：
【人狗情未了:美國流浪漢的臨終願望】57歲的美國愛荷華州流浪漢凱文，他沒有親人，只和一隻名叫Yurtie的母狗一起住在自己的汽車裏。不幸發生了，凱文·麥克萊恩被診斷出肺癌，臨終他沒有什麼其他心願，只希望最後一次與自己的愛犬相見。凱文與自己的愛犬最後相擁的那一幕感動了所有救助中心的人。

接下來是今天的正文：
在北威爾士一條河邊，靜靜的躺着一塊又大又方的石頭。它的四周被青草綠樹環繞。石頭是有人埋葬於此的標誌，它的身上刻滿了文字，告訴着過往的人們一個讓人感動的狗與人的故事：
"In the 13th century the son of the king of North Wales had his home here. His name was Prince Llewelyn. One day Prince Llewelyn went out hunting. He went without his faithful dog, Gelert. When Llewlyn came home, Gelert joyfully ran and jumped to meet him. But the dog was covered with blood. The Prince was frightened. Quickly, he ran to find his son. He found the baby's bed empty. The blankets and floor were covered with blood. Llewelyn felt insane with anger. He thought his dog had killed his baby. He quickly killed Gelert with his sword. The dog's dying cry was followed by a baby's voice. The Prince searched and discovered his son. The boy was not hurt. But next to the baby lay the dog-like body of a large wolf. Gelert the dog had killed this wild and fierce animal. The Prince was full of regret. People say he never smiled again. The prince buried Gelert here."

十三世紀，這裏曾經住着北威爾士王的王子。他的名字叫萊維琳。一天，萊維琳要出去打獵，他這次並沒有帶他那條忠犬，傑樂。當萊維琳打獵回家，傑樂歡快地在他身邊又跑又跳地歡迎主人的歸來。但是傑樂滿身是血。王子驚恐極了。他趕快跑去找他的兒子。但他發現孩子的牀空了，而毯子和地板上到處是血。萊維琳氣瘋了，他覺得他的狗把孩子咬死了。他一下就抽出佩劍將傑樂殺死了。傑樂臨死時嗚咽幾聲後傳來孩子的聲音。王子循着聲音找到了他的兒子。孩子毫髮未傷。但是在他的身邊躺着一條像狗一樣的大灰狼的屍體。忠犬傑樂殺死了野蠻而兇殘的大灰狼，保住了主人的孩子。王子後悔極了。人們說，從那以後，王子再沒有笑過。王子將忠犬傑樂的屍體埋在了這裏。

The dog Gelert and the wolf may have looked very similar. But they did not treat the people around them in the same way. Today's Spotlight is on dogs and their relationship with humans.

忠犬傑樂和狼看起來很相似。但是它們對待周圍的人的態度截然不同。今天的Spotlight講述的就是狗和人類的關係。

So what made Gelert and the wolf so different? Many years ago, dogs and wolves were the same. But about 14,000 years ago, some wolves began to change. They were no longer as wild. No one knows exactly how this happened. Angus Phillips of National Geographic Magazine thinks it may have happened like this:

那麼是什麼讓忠犬傑樂和狼有如此大的差異呢？很久以前，狗和狼一樣，它們都是狼。但是在一萬四千年前左右，一些狼開始改變。它們的野性沒有了。沒有人確切地知道爲什麼會這樣。國家地理雜誌的安格斯 菲利普斯認爲大概的原因應該是這樣的：

"Some wolves moved close to human cooking fires after smelling something good to eat. Then they worked to get closer to groups of humans. They did this by being helpful or proving they would not hurt people. The humans might have used the wolves' better hunting skills to help them hunt animals. The wolves could warn humans of danger at night."

一些狼聞到人類生火做飯的美味後接近了人類。通過向人類證明自己對人類並無歹心且能幫助人類，它們和人類的關係越來越密切。人類可能也覺得有這些狼也不錯，因爲它們有很好的捕獵能力幫助他們捕獲獵物，並且能在晚上危險來臨時給他們警告。

Humans and wolves both lived in groups. The groups usually had a leader. The smaller, weaker wolves knew how to obey the wolf leader. So it was easy for them to learn to obey a human leader. Both humans and these smaller wolves got something good from this relationship. Angus Phillips explains the result:

人類和狼都是羣居動物。狼的族羣一般都會有個頭領。弱小的狼都會聽命於頭狼。所以它們很快就學會了聽命於人類。任何這些小一點的狼在相互的關係中獲益。安格斯菲利普斯解釋瞭如下結果：

"Over thousands of years. . ns kept the large, rough wolves out of the human camps. This led to the development of different kinds of dogs that were more friendly to people. They began to look different than wolves. . were generally smaller than wolves, with a shorter nose."

過了幾千年......人類將那些大型而粗野的狼驅出人類的營地。許多不同種類而又對人類非常友好的狗由此發展而來。它們開始看起來和狼有了一些不同......一般來說，它們都會比狼小一些，鼻子也會比狼短一些。

Today, there are about 400 different kinds of dogs. People can see many of these kinds of dogs at dog shows. At these shows, people bring their dogs to compete for a prize. The dogs run, walk and do tricks for judges. Some of the dogs are as tall as the waist of a person. Others are small enough to be carried in one hand. Some dogs have long hair that reaches to the ground. Others have no hair at all.

如今，大約有四百多種狗。人們可以在狗類選秀節目中看到許多種類。在這些選秀節目中，人們帶着他們的愛犬參加比賽並獲獎。狗狗們在裁判面前又跑，又走，還會做一些技巧性動作。有些狗與人齊腰高，有些小的用一隻手就可以抱起來；有些狗長毛着地，有些狗一毛不長。

Dogs can be very different in size, shape and colour. Peter Tyson works for the science magazine NOVA. He explains why there are so many kinds of dogs:

狗狗們的大小、體型和顏色有很大不同。彼得泰森在科學雜誌NOVA工作。他向我們解釋了爲什麼會有這麼多種狗狗：

"There are so many kinds of dogs mainly because of human and not natural ugh the late 19th century, humans would mate dogs for special skills they wanted."

“有這麼多狗主要是人爲原因而非自然選擇......整個十九世紀末期，人類都在給狗配種以讓自己的狗狗們獲得人類想要的技能。”

Humans mated or bred dogs such as the greyhound for hunting. This dog is thin and very fast. It can run for a long time without getting tired.

人類根據自己的目的對狗進行配種或培育，比如灰狗被用來狩獵。這種狗又瘦又長，即使跑很長的時間都不會疲倦。

Humans have also bred dogs to work with the police. In Thailand, police use the dog's good sense of smell to look for land mines. Other dogs work on farms. They help farmers who have many sheep or cows. These herding dogs help move and protect the animals.

人們還培育了警犬。在泰國，警察們用警犬良好的嗅覺勘測地雷。還有些狗在農場給人們幹活。它們可以幫助那些有很多牛羊的農場主。這些牧羊犬可以驅趕並保護這些牲畜。

Dogs are trained to work with humans in many ways. But humans also breed dogs for something other than work. Peter Tyson of NOVA explains:

人們還訓練狗做很多其他事情。但是並不是人們培育的所有的狗都是用來幹活的。NOVA雜誌彼得泰森解釋道：

"It was not until the late 1800s that breeding for looks more than for behaviour began. Breeders wanting to design the perfect breed are the reason why today we have so many different looking dogs."

“19世紀開始，人們開始培育寵物狗多於用於幹活的狗。育狗人員想要交配出最完美的品種，這也是爲什麼今天我們會有這麼多種狗。”

Humans have spent a lot of time and effort breeding different kinds of dogs. But most dogs are not show dogs. Most dogs do not even work. Today, the most common use of a dog is for friendship. Some people even consider their dog to be a part of their family. Scientists are finding that dogs can even understand human emotions.

人類花費了很大的時間和精力培育出了不同種類的狗狗。但是大多數狗並不是表演狗。許多狗根本不幹活。如今，狗最常見的用處是和人們交朋友。一些人甚至將狗作爲家庭的一份子。科學家們發現，夠甚至能懂得人類的情感。

Around the world today there are more than 400 million dogs. But their relationship with people is not always close. Some of these dogs do not have a home. They are strays. They live on the streets and often eat garbage. Diana Bharucha is from Bangalore, India. She started a program called 'Stray Dogs Free Bangalore.' She says that dogs should have a home with a human master. If not, she thinks that the dogs should be killed in a way that does not cause them pain. Diana told the newsmagazine 'Citizens Matters':

現在，世界各地有4億多條狗。但是這些狗與人類的關係並不總是很親密。有些狗沒有家，成爲了流浪狗。它們在街上四處流浪，以垃圾爲食物。來自印度班加羅爾的戴安娜啓動了一個項目叫做“流浪狗自由班加羅爾”。她說，狗狗們應該有一個主人，也應該有個家。如果實在不行，應該對這些狗狗們進行安樂死。戴安娜如此告訴《公民事件》雜誌：

"If the dog population continues to increase, they will go back to living in a group and turn wild. They will start hunting like wild animals. This will be a danger for human life."

“如果狗的數量繼續增長，它們就會羣居而且會有野性。它們會像野生動物一樣捕獵。這將會給人類的生活帶來危險。”

Rajesh Shukla also lives in Bangalore. He does not want to kill the stray dogs. He offers a different solution:

拉傑什 舒克拉也生活在班加羅爾。他並不想殺死流浪狗。他給出了一個不同的解決方案：

"If the city begins a waste management system that works well, the food for stray dogs will be limited. This will limit the number of stray dogs in the area."

“如果城市的垃圾處理系統運行很好，流浪狗的食物將會受限。這將會減少流浪狗在這一區域的數量。”

Humans are still learning how to live together with dogs. This relationship can be wonderful but difficult - like in the story of Prince Llewelyn and his dog Gelert. But people will continue to share their lives with man's best friend: the dog.

人類仍在學習如何與狗狗們相處。人與狗的關係可以很好，但是很難，正如萊維琳和他的忠犬傑樂一樣。但是人們仍將會和人類最好的朋友-——狗，一起共同生活。
小編有約：請朋友們翻譯下面的句子。
1. Love me, love my dog.
2. He's a lucky dog.
答案見下一頁

1. 愛屋及烏。
2. 他是個幸運兒。