中英雙語話中國藝術 第2期:中國電影的發展

2. Progress of Chinese Movies

2、中國電影的發展

After the founding of New China, the movie industry developed rapidly. Ten movie studios were set up. They are the Beijing, Shanghai, Changchun, August first, Pearl River, E'mail, Xi'an, Nangning, Wulumuqi, and Huhehaote Studios. From 1949 to 1966, more than six hundered movies of the 1950's, The White-Haired Girl, Reconnaissance Across the Changjiang, Steeled Fighters and Dong Cunrui had a strong social impact. The following movies The Song of Youth, The Storm and Lin Zexu Which showed that Chinese movies had reached a new level. Movies produced in the early 1960's were more mature ideologically and artistically. Representatives of the period were The Naval Battle of 1894, The Lin Family's Shop, and Threshold of Spring.

建國後中時事業迅速發展起來北京上海陳、八一珠江帆西安、南寧、烏魯木齊和呼和浩特10大電影製片廠相繼成立。 1949年到1966年間，創作了 600餘部電影。 20世紀 50年代期間製作的《白毛女》、《渡江偵察記》、《鋼鐵戰士》、《董存瑞》引起了社會的極大反響。《青春之歌》、《風暴》、《林則徐》等電影的出版發行標誌着中國電影製作發展到了一個新的水平。 60年代早期的電影其意識形態更成熟和藝術價值更高。代表作品有《甲午風雲》、《林家鋪子》、《早春二月》。

From 1966 to 1976 only a small number of movies had been made in that decade. After 1976 movie production started to flourish again. From 1976 to 1980 more than two hundred and fifty feature movies were made. They covered a wide range of themes and varied in style of presentation. In September of 1987, the first China Movie Show was held in Beijing . It was presented by over one hundred movie historians, critics，and distributors from 48 countries. Among those who spoke highly of Chinese movies were Gregory Peck, the American movie star; Regis Bergeron, the French movie historian; and Rubanoy, the Soviet movie critic. They all agreed that China's movie Industry had entered a mature stage.

從1966年到 1976年這10年間，只創作出少量電影。 1976年後，電影創作再次走向繁榮。 1976年到 1980年，製作了 250餘部電影，並且題材廣泛，主題多樣。1987年9月，北京舉辦了第一屆影展。來自48個不同國家地區的上百位電影史學家、評論家及發行人出席了此次影展。美國影星格利高裏·派克、法國電影史學家瑞吉伯傑和蘇聯電影評論家茹伯諾對中國電影給予了高度評價。他們都認爲中國的電影業已經進入一個成熟的階段。

In recent years Chinese movies have been presented in many international movie festivals and have made a strong impression on foreign audiences and movie-makers. Since 1981, more than one hundred movies have been awarded prizes in international competitions. Among them, The Yellow Earth won the 1985 British Movie Institute (BFI) award for the most original and imaginative movie; Old Well scooped the Tokyo Grand Prix and another two awards at the Second Tokyo International Movie Festival in October, 1987; Red Sorghum won the Gold Bear prize at the Thirty-eighth International Movie Festival in West Berlin in 1988; The Year of Bad Luck received the Silver Bear prize at the Fortieth International Movie Festival in Berlin in 1990.

近年來，中國電影參加了許多國際電影節，給衆多的國外觀衆和製片人留下了深刻印象。 1981年以來，超過過百部的電影在國際大賽中獲獎。其中1985年的《黃土地》被英國電影協會譽爲最佳原創和想象電影;{老井》獲得了東京大獎並在 1987年 10月的第二屆東京國際電影節獲得了兩個獎項 ;1988年《紅高粱》獲得了第38屆柏林國際電影節金熊獎;{本命年》於1990年的柏林第40屆國際電影節獲得銀熊獎。

Chinese cartoon movies have received attention both at home and abroad with interesting and healthy contents and distinctly Chinese Style. They are usually bαsed on traditional paintings, folk art, and local opera. In some cartoon movies, traditional Chinese ink-wash painting has been reproduced on the screen. From 1981 to 1988, 29 cartoon movies had won prizes at international movies festivals. Great achievements have also been made in the production of scientific and educational movies.

中國動畫片同樣也受到了國內外的普遍關注。這些動畫片通常以中國傳統繪畫、民間藝術和地方戲爲基礎，內容有趣、健康且具有中國特色。一些影片製作中採用了中國水墨畫藝術，使中國的傳統水墨畫在熒屏上得到了再生。 1981年到 1988年間， 29部卡通電影在國際電影展中贏得了大獎。科教電影也是碩果累累。