歐洲企業認爲中國經營環境越來越不友好

European companies say operating in China is growing increasingly difficult as they battle loosely defined laws, perceived protectionism and industrial overcapacity.

日前，幾家歐洲企業表示，它們在中國經營業務正變得越來越困難，需要應對定義含糊的法律、可以感受到的保護主義和產能過剩局面。

The European Union Chamber of Commerce in China, a trade group representing over 1,600 European companies operating in the world's second-largest economy, said in an annual business confidence survey that the environment is "increasingly hostile" toward foreign companies and "perpetually tilted" in favor of domestic players.

代表1600多家在華運營歐洲企業的貿易組織中國歐盟商會在一份年度商業信心調查中稱，當前環境對外國企業越來越不友好，且總是偏向於照顧中國企業。

Pessimism among European companies operating in China reached an all-time high, it said, with 31% of respondents bearish about the profit outlook, up 8 percentage points compared with 2015 levels. And 70% said they felt significantly less welcome in China than in years past, up 7 percentage points over 2015.

該商會表示，在華運營歐洲企業的悲觀情緒達到了空前高度，31%的受訪企業不好看利潤前景，這一比例較2015年增加8個百分點。此外，70%的受訪企業稱感覺到自身在中國的受歡迎度較過去明顯下降，這一比例較2015年提高7個百分點。

Particularly negative in their outlook: the machinery, information technology, telecommunications and chemical industries.

尤其不看好自身在中國前景的行業包括機械、信息技術、電信和化工等。

European companies surveyed said China has moved too slowly in cutting the number of factories currently producing more goods than buyers want.

接受調查的歐洲企業稱，中國在削減產能過剩工廠數量方面的行動太慢。

Mats Harborn, executive director of Scania Sales China Co., an arm of the Swedish bus and truck maker and among the companies surveyed, said weak enforcement of vehicle-safety standards in China often favor local players in a position to bend the rules.

瑞士一家汽車和火車製造商的分支、斯堪尼亞中國戰略中心執行董事何墨池在訪問中稱，中國在汽車安全標準方面的執行不力，往往偏袒當地企業。

"Transportation is a good indicator of how China's doing as a whole. They've made some progress but it's far from enough," Mr. Harborn said. "There's massive overcapacity when it comes to transportation. It's quite messy. We'd like to see proper enforcement so everyone follows the same rules and competes on service."

"交通運輸是中國整體水平的良好指標。他們有所改善，但還遠遠不夠，"何墨池說。"在交通運輸方面存在着大規模的產能過剩。該情況非常複雜。我們希望看到合理的執行，所有人都遵循一樣的規則，爲同等的服務競爭。"

Despite growing difficulties, however, over 85% of companies surveyed said they were still profitable or breaking even in China, reflecting an official growth rate that remains among the fastest of any major economy.

儘管有越來越多的困難，但是在接受調查的公司種，有超過85％的企業表示他們仍然在中國盈利或收支平衡，這反映了其仍然是所有主要經濟體之中官方增長率最快的一個。