研究顯示 和愛情一樣,友情也會一見鍾情

Ask any random collection of strangers what they look for in a friend, and you'll get pretty similar answers: someone who's fun to be around. Someone who shares your sense of humor. Someone you can trust.

隨便問一羣陌生人他們找朋友都看中什麼，你都會獲得極其相似的答案：相處時給你帶來快樂的人、能夠欣賞你的幽默感的人、你能信任的人。

But often, friendship begins long before any of those things can come to light.

但通常友情早在人們意識到這些之前就已經開始了。

According to a study, around 60% of men and half of women believe in love at first sight; whatever you call it, a spark, chemistry or friendship at first sight, it can happen in just a small handful of seconds.

一項研究顯示，約60%的男性和50%的女性相信一見鍾情；無論你稱之爲火花、化學反應，還是一見鍾情的友誼，這個過程只要幾秒鐘便發生了。

In a study published in Nature in 2009, researchers identified two areas of the brain that become especially active when we meet someone new: the amygdala, the area of the brain that deals with emotion, and the posterior cingulate cortex, which is linked to autobiographical memory.

在2009年發表在《自然》雜誌上的一項調查中，研究人員發現，在我們遇到陌生人時，大腦中的兩個區域變得異常活躍：杏仁體，即大腦中處理情感的區域，以及與自體的記憶有關的後扣帶回。

As Karla Starr noted in Psychology Today, the posterior cingulate cortex also helps us weigh decisions and assign value to objects; we go through a very similar process with humans.

正如卡拉·斯塔爾在雜誌《今日心理學》中所指出的，後扣帶回同樣幫助我們權衡決策以及爲對象分配價值，我們人類經歷了一個非常類似的過程。

"And after we've assigned a value to a person, we make the decision about how to orient ourselves to that person," she wrote. "Do we want to get closer? Knowing what this person's value is to us, do we want this person to be involved in our network?"

"在對人做出評價後，我們便決定要如何與其相處。是否要進一步發展友情？是否要讓他進入自己的朋友圈？"

The answer is actually a compilation of several smaller judgments, explains Kelly Campbell, a psychology professor at California State University, San Bernardino.

加州大學聖伯納蒂諾分校的心理學教授凱里·坎貝爾解釋稱，這些問題的答案組成了許多個小判斷。

"What are the things we care about in a friend? We care about someone who's going to be fun, that we can enjoy ourselves with. You need emotional support, social support, you want then to be loyal and trustworthy, you don't want to feel judged," she says.

她說道："對於朋友，我們關心是事情是什麼呢？我們關心的是這個人需要很有趣，這樣在相處的過程中我們都很享受。你需要感情的支持，社會的支持，你希望他們是忠誠可靠的，你不想感覺被他人審視。"

"When you first see the person, you don't realize how many judgments you're making, but you're actually gathering information that's telling you if this person fills those needs for you."

"當你第一眼看到一個人，你不知道你在做多少的判斷，但實際上你正在收集的信息會告訴你這個人是否能夠填補你的那些需求。"

Last year, Campbell headed up a study in The Social Science Journal on "friendship chemistry," which she and her colleagues defined as "an instant connection between friends that is easy and makes the relationship seem natural."

去年，坎貝爾在《社會科學》雜誌上發表了一項名爲"友誼化學"的研究，她和她的同事將此定義爲"與朋友之間發生瞬時聯繫是輕而易舉的，並且這能使我們之間的關係顯得更加自然。"

The study found those who scored higher on the personality traits of agreeableness, openness, and conscientiousness were more likely to experience friendship chemistry.

研究發現，擁有隨和、開放和責任心強這些性格特徵的人更可能經歷友誼化學反應。