年戛納電影節九樁事
From 'heelgate' to the Palm Dog to the 'Dad bod' – it's been a dizzying 12 days. Here are nine lessons from the film festival as it draws to a close.
從“高跟鞋門”到“金棕櫚狗狗獎”（Palm Dog），再到迅速走紅的“老爹身材（Dad bod）”，戛納電影展的這12天，真是令人眼花繚亂。隨着電影節進入尾聲，英國廣播公司回顧了本屆戛納影展上的九樁事。
1. Cannes has a dirty underbelly
1.戛納也有軟肋It was Somerset Maugham who said the French Riviera is “a sunny place for shady people” – and looking around at all the 'models' in the hotel lobbies and the men in dark sunglasses who seemed to know them, I knew what he meant. Behind the festival's shiny facade, there is an unseemly side – and beneath the azure waters, a polluted mess. The French diver and environmentalist Laurent Lombard's video of the Cannes seabed strewn with waste and debris went viral before the festival began. We were assured there was no danger to swimmers, and the mayor had it cleaned up according to the Daily Mail – but the Med had certainly lost some of its sparkle.
薩默塞特•毛姆（Somerset Maugham）曾形容法國裏維埃拉（French Rivier）爲“陰暗人物的陽光之地”。環視着酒店大堂裏的“模特”，帶着黑超的男人們似乎與他們相識，我似乎理解了毛姆。戛納華麗的外表下有着其並不光彩的一面，就如湛藍的海水下垃圾成堆。電影節開幕前，法國潛水員，同時也是環保人士的Laurent Lombard(勞倫•隆巴德)拍攝的戛納河牀沉積着大量垃圾廢物的視頻被瘋傳。我們被告知在此游泳並無危險。據《每日郵報》報道，市長已下令清理。但是小鎮確實不再那麼閃耀迷人了。
2. The 'Dad bod' is so hot right now
2.“老爹身材”受熱捧As the stars' private jets swooped in, the internet was going mad for 'the Dad bod'; the slightly flabby male physique was trending and there were plenty of examples on screen. Deborah Cole of AFP noted a “sweating, panting and shirtless” Gerard Depardieu in Valley of Love and a flash of Joaquin Phoenix's “tubby tummy” in Woody Allen's Irrational Man. When Colin Farrell strode the red carpet for the premiere of The Lobster, he looked his usual trim self – but in the film he is distinctly paunchy. To add some girth for the role of a lonely singleton in Yorgos Lanthimos' absurdist black comedy, Farrell went on a massively calorific diet that included drinking melted ice cream, he told the Hollywood Reporter. Eating “two cheeseburgers, fries and Coca-Colas, and two slices of chocolate cake at 10am is not that fun,” he said. “And I love cheese¬burgers."
明星們的私家飛機剛停穩，“老爹身材”一詞便在互聯網上走紅。男性微胖的身材成爲潮流，熒幕上不少這樣的例子。法新社（AFP）Deborah Cole（黛博拉•科爾）寫道：“傑拉爾•德帕迪約（Gerard Depardieu）在《愛之谷》中的形象便是“大汗淋漓、氣喘吁吁地打着赤膊”， 華金•菲尼克斯 （Joaquin Phoenix）在 伍迪•艾倫（Woody Allen）的新片《非理性的人》（Irrational Man）中也露出了他那胖胖的肚子。科林•法瑞爾（Colin Farrell）出席《龍蝦》（The Lobster）的首映紅毯時，看起來如往常一般衣冠楚楚，然而在劇中他卻大腹便便。爲了給荒誕主義者歐格斯•蘭斯莫斯（Yorgos Lanthimos）的黑色喜劇中的孤獨主角增肥，法瑞爾大量進食高熱量食品，其中包括融化了的冰淇淋。他告訴《好萊塢報道》（Hollywood Reporter），“在早晨10點享用2個芝士漢堡、薯條和可樂可不那麼有趣，”他補充道，“不過我喜歡芝士漢堡。”3. In Cannes, they speak English
3.在戛納，他們說英語“Selling out!” “Pandering to the Americans!” The cries went up immediately when the official selection was announced. The list of directors crossing over to make films in English was a long one including the Italians Matteo Garrone and Paolo Sorrentino, Yorgos Lanthimos of Greece, Norway's Joachim Trier and even Guillaume Nicloux of France, a country whose cultural establishment is highly sensitive to the creeping Anglophone menace. The argument goes that Cannes is supposed to be a haven for world cinema; for English, there is Hollywood. But does it really matter? Films at Cannes in languages other than French or English play with subtitles in both languages – and that's a lot of text to deal with.
“見風使舵！”“諂媚迎合美國人！”官方入選名單一經宣佈，負面評價如潮水般洶涌而來。電影節上影片使用英語對白的導演不在少數，包括了意大利的馬提歐•加洛尼（Matteo Garrone）和保羅•索倫蒂諾（Paolo Sorrentino），希臘的歐格斯•蘭斯莫斯，挪威的約阿希姆•提爾（Joachim Trier），甚至包括法國的紀洛姆•尼克樂（Guillaume Nicloux）。法國有着對英語威脅極其敏感的文化情結。有一個觀點認爲，戛納應該是世界電影的天堂，而英語電影的天堂已經有了，就是好萊塢。但這有意義嗎？在戛納電影節上，除了法語或英語影片，其他影片都是雙語字幕--這是個巨大的工程。4. Booing isn't just for pantomimes
4.噓聲不僅僅是個手勢Cannes' heckles and jeers are famous and the first film to fall foul of this tough crowd was Gus Van Sant's Sea of Trees, which was greeted by a storm of raspberries and thunderous boos at its press screening. Because these take place before a film receives its black-tie premiere, word quickly gets around and can cast a pall over the big event. When Naomi Watts and Matthew McConaughey took their turn on the red carpet, it had “a horrifically compelling walk-of-shame quality” according to the Daily Telegraph. But the Texan actor put on a brave face at a press conference shortly afterwards. “Anyone has as much right to boo as they do to ovate,” he said. I think we know what he meant.
戛納電影節素以質問與嘲笑著名。在本屆電影節上，《青木原樹海》（Sea of Trees）成爲第一部遭遇觀衆挑剔的電影。該片由格斯•範•桑特Gus Van Sant指導。在媒體放映場，《青木原樹海》遭遇嘲弄的風暴，陷入了噓聲之海。由於這些發生在首映紅毯前，惡評迅速傳播，使得盛典蒙上陰影。娜奧米•沃茨（Naomi Watts ）和 馬修•麥康納（Matthew McConaughey）走上紅毯時，《每日電訊報》（Daily Telegraph）形容此場景爲“極其糟糕卻又引人矚目的羞辱之途”。但是在隨後的新聞發佈會上，馬修•麥康納，這位來自德克薩斯的演員表情坦然，“每個人都有權倒喝彩，正如他們有權喝彩一樣，”他說道。我相信我們都知道他的意思。5. It's a dog's life for the British
5.英國人設定的“狗狗獎”It's a bit of a lark organised by UK film critics – a gong for the top canine performance at the festival, handed out on the last Friday in the British pavilion. This year the Palm Dog went to Lucky, a Maltipoo – that's half Maltese terrier, half poodle – who plays Dixie in Miguel Gomes' six-hour epic, Arabian Nights. The prizewinner is presented with a toy bone and this year delivered a brief acceptance speech (“woof”) by video link. A jolly time was had by all but an unnamed French journalist felt that the award was “an unwanted intrusion of British silliness” in the glamorous proceedings, according to AFP. “From the French perspective, this is a bit bizarre,” he is reported to have said. “The British are weird.”
這是英國影評人蔘與評選的娛樂性獎項，爲在參展影片中表現最精彩的狗頒發紀念獎章。頒獎儀式於上週五（5月22日）在英國展館舉行。今年的金棕櫚狗狗獎頒給了一隻名叫幸運的狗，它是馬耳他梗犬（Maltese terrier）與貴賓犬（Poodle）的混血品種。幸運出現在米古爾•戈麥斯（Miguel Gomes）時長6小時的鉅作《一千零一夜》（Arabian Nights）中，在劇中叫做迪克西。幸運的獎品是一隻玩具狗骨頭，通過視頻幸運發表了簡短的獲獎感言（汪）。但據法新社報道，在這大家其樂融融的時刻，一位法國記者認爲在極具魅力的影展間隙舉辦這樣的頒獎儀式真是“英國人愚蠢性格的無端干擾”。“在法國人看來，這有些奇怪，”他在報道中說。“英國人真是不可思議。”6. The parties are epic – if you have the time
6.派對應有盡有——只要你有時間It was all work, work, work for the BBC Culture team and parties, alas, were few and far between. But the rest of Cannes was painting the town red. In 2013 we tried to calculate the amount of champagne consumed at the festival by contacting Piper Heidsieck, “the official drink” of the festival, but they declined to comment – though judging by the merry faces and staggering gaits of some on the Croisette, it's safe to assume a colossal quantity. At the party for Matteo Garrone's Tale of Tales on the first weekend, the champers flowed freely and the revellers stayed on until the early hours. When the BBC's Rebecca Laurence spoke to one of its stars the following morning and asked how many hours sleep he'd had before their interview, he simply narrowed his bleary eyes and held up two fingers.
對於英國廣播公司文化部門來說，戛納期間堆滿了工作，而派對是少之又少。但是，影展之外的電影節給小鎮描上了醉人的紅色。在2013年，我們試圖聯繫白雪香檳酒莊（Piper Heidsieck）計算電影節期間香檳的消費數量，但作爲提供“官方飲品”的白雪香檳酒莊拒絕迴應。不過看看克魯瓦塞特(Croisette)大道上那些微醺的臉龐以及踉蹌的步態，我們可以合理的推測香檳的消費數量十分龐大。電影節的第一週，在爲馬提歐•加洛尼影片《故事的故事》(Tale of Tales)舉辦的派對上香檳成河，狂歡者嗨至凌晨。次日早晨，英國廣播公司的瑞貝卡•勞倫斯與某位明星進行訪談，詢問其在採訪前休息了多久。這位明星只是眯起了惺忪的眼睛，擡起了2根手指。7. Cannes' 'year of women' didn't go so well
7.戛納的“女性之年”並走運It was billed as the year in which female film-makers and women's issues would be in the spotlight. The festival opened with a film by a female director for the first time in 28 years, Isabella Rossellini chaired the Un Certain Regard jury and Salma Hayek convened a high-profile panel to discuss the role of women in cinema. There was plenty to talk about – but had anything really changed? The numbers seemed to speak for themselves: of the 19 films in competition, only two were directed by women. And then came 'Heelgate' – of which, more later… Faced with suggestions that the festival is sexist, artistic director Thierry Frémaux was having none of it. Cannes was being held to an unfairly high standard, he claimed, one not applied to other festivals like Venice or Berlin. His suggestion? Instead, people should “attack the Oscars”.
在本屆戛納電影節上，女性電影製作人以及相關女性話題曾廣受關注成爲宣傳主題。28年來，戛納首次以女導演拍攝的電影拉開序幕，伊莎貝拉•羅西里尼(Isabella Rossellini)成爲“一種關注”單元評審團主席，莎爾瑪•海雅克(Salma Hayek)主持討論會高調探討女性角色在電影中的意義。可以討論的話題有許多，但是真的有何改變嗎？數字似乎更能說明問題，主競賽單元的19部入圍作品僅有2部來自女性導演。而後發生的“高跟鞋門”，更有.....面對外界對於影展涉嫌性別歧視的負面消息，藝術總監蒂埃裏•弗雷莫(Thierry Frémaux)一點兒反應都沒。他只是說，戛納電影節的舉辦有着及其不公平的高標準，參展影片不能申請其他諸如威尼斯或柏林電影節。這難道是建議人們去“攻擊奧斯卡”？8. Flats are allowed on the red carpet – or are they?
8.身着平底鞋禁止入場，是嗎？The biggest story of the festival had nothing to do with films. It was about shoes. On Tuesday trade magazine Screen reported that a group of women had been denied access to a screening of Todd Haynes' Carol because their footwear – flat shoes with rhinestones – was unsuitable for the red carpet. Further tales came tumbling forth, social media erupted in indignation and soon enough we were soon dealing with a fully fledgedscandale. The Cannes press office rushed out a garbled statement: “Rules have not changed throughout the years (Tuxedo, formal dress for Gala screenings) and there is no specific mention about the height of the women's heels as well as for men's. Thus, in order to make sure that this rule is respected, the festival's hosts and hostesses were reminded of it.” Well, that cleared that up. Perhaps wisely, press screenings are exempt from any dress code: scruffy journalists are free to ascend the Palais' steps in flip flops and trainers.
本屆電影節最大新聞與電影無關，而是關於鞋子。據《銀幕日報》報道，上週二（5月19日），數名女性在去參加託德•海因斯(Todd Haynes)執導的《卡羅爾》(Carol)首映紅毯時，因穿着裝飾有萊茵石的平底鞋，而被工作人員以不符合規定爲由拒之門外。報道一出，社交媒體上義憤填膺。戛納新聞辦公室倉促應對，稱該報道斷章取義：“這麼多年來，電影節的規則都沒有變過(參加電影節放映會，男士着無尾半正式晚禮服，女士穿正式禮服。)而對女性高跟鞋的跟高沒有特定的要求，同樣對男性的亦無特殊要求。”因此，爲了確保遵守規則，男女主持會被提醒記住這些規則。好了，這下清楚了，媒體放映場沒有任何着裝要求：着裝邋遢的記者們可穿着人字拖與運動鞋隨意踏上皇宮廣場（Palais）的階梯。9. Never trust the polls
9.千萬別相信民調It was the lesson of the UK general election and it's the big 'takeaway' from Cannes too: prediction is a mug's game. All week the chatter was that Todd Haynes' lesbian love story Carol was set to collect the Palme d'Or – or that Holocaust drama Son of Saul from first-time director László Nemes would triumph. In the last few days a consensus began to form around The Assassin from Taiwanese director Hou Hsiao-Hsien; according to British bookmakers, The Lobster was the one to beat. But when Jacques Audiard's Dheepan was announced as the winner, the response was a collective “really?” For all the pundits, critics' panels, insider gossip, statistics and God knows what else, few had picked it. Oh well: c'est la vie.
英國大選就是個教訓。民調也不過是戛納的“外賣餐點”：預測是傻瓜才幹的事。一整週，坊間盛傳託德•海因斯的女同性戀戀愛故事《卡羅爾》將斬獲金棕櫚最佳影片獎，或者拉斯洛•傑萊斯László Nemes 處女作《索爾的兒子》Son of Saul將折桂。最後幾天，共識則是來自臺灣的導演侯孝賢（Hou Hsiao-Hsien）指導的《刺客聶隱娘》（The Assassin）將問鼎大獎。且據英國博彩分析，《龍蝦》是個難纏的對手。但是，最終宣佈雅克•歐迪亞Jacques Audiard's 《流浪的迪潘》Dheepan獲獎時，大家一致驚訝表示：“真的嗎？”所有的評論員、影評人小組、內部八卦、數據統計、上帝都知道，只是少有人提及罷了。好吧，這就是生活。
