關於電腦你可能會誤解的十件事(3)

ing And Cracking

3.黑客入侵和破解

Anytime a website is defaced, an important account is compromised, or some group steals a bunch of login information, it's always blamed on hackers. This is the result of a misunderstanding about what hacking involves, though. Hacking is when someone who has a strong knowledge of computer security finds a vulnerability in the system and uses it to get in, usually through some kind of backdoor method.

任何時候，一個網站被損壞，一個重要的賬戶受到威脅，或一些團伙盜竊了大量登錄信息，人們總是歸咎於黑客，這是不瞭解黑客入侵究竟是什麼的結果。黑客入侵的意思是，一些人對電腦系統安全知識非常瞭解，能從系統中找到漏洞，利用它入侵，通常通過某種不正當的方式進行。

Cracking, on the other hand, involves using a program written by somebody else that sort of breaks the virtual door down, often by trying different combinations of passwords over and over. These are known as "brute force" attacks. To make things more confusing, the media often refers to things as "hacking" when nothing was hacked or cracked in any way.

另一方面，破解電腦就是使用一些人寫的程序來打破電腦的虛擬門，通常是嘗試組合不同的密碼，這就叫"暴力破解"。爲了使事情顯得更復雜，媒體在任何情況下都將事情說成"黑客入侵"。

ses And Spyware

2.病毒和間諜軟件

Viruses are one form of malicious program, but there are many others with different names and methods of distribution. Some are entirely different groups like Spyware and Adware, which are designed to steal your information or annoy you with spam. Some malicious programs are designed so that you will never even know they are there—they hide from your anti-virus software and wait to use your computer, not affecting its functioning in any noticeable way.

病毒是惡意程序的一種形式，它有很多不同的名字和傳播的方式。像間諜軟件和廣告軟件這種完全不同的團體，它們主要是竊取信息，或用垃圾郵件進行騷擾。一些惡意程序你永遠不知道它的存在，因爲它們隱藏在殺毒軟件中等你使用，卻不會明顯的影響它的功能。

While the various programs you use for security may be helpful in dealing with this, to be forewarned is to be forearmed. You'll have a better chance at dealing with malware if you know what you are up against. Protecting yourself isn't as easy as keeping your anti-virus up to date, either. Oftentimes, the anti-virus companies themselves aren't up to date on the latest malware threats, and people with evil intentions are constantly looking for ways to get around your security.

也許爲保護安全性所使用的多數程序是有用的，因爲事先得到警告就會事先做好準備。如果知道你要面臨什麼問題，你就會有更好的機會來處理這些惡意軟件。保護自己的隱私不像升級殺毒軟件一樣簡單。通常，殺毒軟件公司自身也沒有更新惡意軟件的威脅，然而，有不良意圖的人在不斷尋找方法避開你的安全保護。

are From Email

1.電子郵件中的釣魚軟件

Warnings about awful viruses waiting in your inbox have been circulating since the advent of malware, but oftentimes, the warnings are false alarms. This has fueled all kinds of ludicrous practices, such as deleting suspicious emails unread due to the belief that even opening such a message can lead to viral infection. While it is certainly true that you should never open an email attachment from an untrusted source, you cannot get a virus simply from reading an email.

因爲惡意軟件的出現，郵件中出現病毒的警告一直流傳着，但是這些警告通常是假的。所以就出現了各種奇怪的做法，比如，相信打開這些郵件會遭到病毒感染，所以刪除未讀的可疑郵件。的確，你永遠不打開來自不受信任來源的電子郵件附件，就不會輕易的從郵件中感染到病毒。

However, there are other situations where getting a virus or other form of malware can be much easier than you might imagine. Simply by visiting a shady site, for example, you may fall victim to a drive-by download. If you're lucky, you will receive a pop-up message or other warning, but many drive-bys won't warn you of their presence before they install hidden malware. This is why it is a good idea to scan your system regularly, just in case.

然而，相比感染病毒或其他形式的惡意軟件，還有其他情況比你想象得更容易感染病毒。比如只要訪問一個可疑網站，因爲強迫下載你就可能成爲受害者。如果幸運的話，會收到彈出的消息或另一個警告，但是很多下載在安裝隱藏的惡意軟件之前是不會提醒的。這就是爲什麼定期掃描你的系統是一個好辦法，僅僅是爲了以防萬一。

翻譯：文思捷 來源：前十網