雙語科技百科(近現代成就) 第88期:京廣鐵路
Jingguang Rai way
Jingguang Railway is a major ry railway in China, connecting BeijingWest Station in Beijing to Guangzhou Railway Station in Guangzhou, Guangdong.
京廣鐵路是中國一條從北京市通往廣東省廣州市的鐵路，是中國最重要的一條南北鐵路幹線。The railway is jointed by two sections. The northern section, "Jinghan railway" , is from Beijing to Hankou, and the southern section, "Wuguang railway" , is from Wuchang to Guangzhou. Jinghan railway was finished in 1905 and Wuguang railway was finished in 1936. Between Hankou and Wuchang, there is the Yangtze River. The two sections were finally jointed together in 1957 when the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge was built and it was renamed as guang Railway.
京廣鐵路原分爲北南兩段。北段從北京市到湖北省漢口，稱爲“京漢鐵路”（1927年~1949年稱“平漢鐵路”），於1897年4月動工，1906年4月建成。南段從廣東廣州到湖北武昌，稱爲“粵漢鐵路”，於1900年7月動工，1936年4月建成。在1957年武漢長江大橋通車後，兩條鐵路接軌，並改名爲京廣鐵路。
With a length of 2,324 kilometers, connecting the cities of Beijing and Guang- zhou through 6 provinces, namely Beijing, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan and Guangdong, as well as dozens of large and medium-sized cities, and many other railways. Jingguang Railway has played an unusual role in the national economy of China. Even after the parallel Beijing-Kowloon railway is completed, the Jingguang Railway still plays a huge role.
京廣鐵路全長2324千米，連接了中國首都北京市和五座省會，分別是：河北、河南、湖北、湖南、廣東，以及數十座大中城市保定市、邢臺市、邯鄲市、安陽市、鶴壁市、新鄉市、許昌市、漯河市、駐馬店市、信陽市、孝感市、咸寧市、岳陽市、株洲市、衡陽市、郴州市、韶關市，並與多條鐵路相接，在中國的國民經濟中起到了非同尋常的作用。即使在平行的京九鐵路建成後，京廣鐵路也依然發揮着巨大的作用。The electric locomotive traction is mostly used in the whole railway passenger carriages and freight passenger carriages. Since the first railway speed lift in 1997 until the fifth in 2004, the travel time of the passenger carriage between Beijing and Guangzhou has been shortened from nearly 40 hours in the past t0 22 hours. In the coming opening of the Wuhan-Guangzhou passenger line, it is expected to divert about 70% of the Jing-Guang Railroad passenger traffic. Electrification project began in the 1990s, the Zhengzhou-Wuchang section had been completed in 1992, the Beijing-Zhengzhou section began in 1993, completed in 1998, the Wuchang-Guangzhou section began in 1998, completed in 2001.
全路客運客車和貨運客車大多采用電力機車牽引。自1997年第一次提速起至2004年第五次提速，北京往返廣州間的客車的運行時間已由過去近40小時縮短到22小時。未來，武廣客運專線啓用後，預期可分流京廣鐵路約70%的客流。電氣化工程於1990年代開始，其中鄭州至武昌段先於1992年完成，北京至鄭州段工程於1993年開始，1998年完成，武昌至廣州段工程於1998年開始，2001年完成。
