大學生就業仍然遭遇性別歧視

“男女平等”，這句口號早已伴隨幾代人成長。然而時至今日，性別歧視(gender discrimination)仍然未完全消除。求職就業無疑是最爲明顯的表現。面對暗礁滿布的就業市場，女性難道真的只能退避忍讓？時至今日，性別歧視仍然未被完全消除。就業市場中也是性別門檻重重，而女性難道真的只能退避忍讓？

When Wu Wenjia heard that the local women’s federation was organizing a job fair exclusively for female graduates, she was excited. After all, on the verge of graduation, it is not easy to find a job especially for female graduates.

當聽說當地婦聯組織了一場大學畢業生女性專場招聘會時，吳文佳（音譯）驚喜不已。畢竟臨近畢業，要找一個專門爲女大學生量身定做的工作絕非易事。

She has been turned down two times in a row by potential employers for the reason that the job was not “suitable” for female.

此前她已經連續兩次以崗位“不適合”女生爲由，被用人單位拒之門外。

Wu’s story reflects the formidable barrier that women face in the job market. Experts say that although new regulations are tackling gender discrimination in employment, women still need to speak up.

吳文佳的經歷恰恰反映了現今女性就業難以跨越的障礙。專家表示儘管新出臺的相關法規已經涉及到就業性別歧視問題，但女性仍然需要站出來疾呼平等。

In a 2011 National survey conducted by the All-China Women’s Federation, one in 10 women have encountered gender discrimination in the job market, with female graduates affected the most.

全國婦聯2011年進行的一項調查顯示，有十分之一的女性曾在就業過程中遭遇過性別歧視，尤以女大學生所受的影響最爲嚴重。

“Nearly a quarter of female graduates reported having encountered unequal treatment,” said Song Xiuyan, vice president of the federation.

全國婦聯副主席宋秀巖表示：“近四分之一的女大學生表示自己曾遭受過不平等對待。”

The figures indicate that more than 90 percent of female students experience gender discrimination in the job market, while more than 40 percent believe it is harder for women to get an offer than men.

數據顯示，超過90%的女大學生就業時遭遇過性別歧視，超過40%的人認爲女性比男性更難找到工作。

A job fair held recently at the National Agriculture Exhibition Center in Beijing echoed these numbers. “Men only” signs appeared frequently on employers’ stands.

前不久，在北京國家農業展覽館舉行的人才招聘會也證實了這些數字的真實性。在用人單位的展位前，“只招男生”的告示隨處可見。

“It is very frustrating when I spot a suitable job, only to be told that the vacancy is open to male applicants only,” said Zhu Qian, who graduated from Beijing Union University last year.

去年畢業於北京聯合大學(招生辦)的朱倩（音譯）表示：“當我好不容易找到一個合適的職位，但得到的答覆是隻招男生時，我覺得特別沮喪。”

According to a report by China Daily in January, new regulations in Shenzhen rule that employers who discriminate against job applicants based on their gender will be fined up to 30,000 yuan. In February a new draft of similar regulations has also been released in Beijing.

今年一月，《中國日報》報道稱，深圳市出臺的新規規定，用人單位涉嫌對求職者性別歧視，最高可處以三萬元罰款。北京市也於二月份出臺了一則類似的法規草案。

Huang Yizhi, a Beijing-based lawyer, added that efforts by labor authorities to fine violators could serve as a deterrent and encourage victims to seek protection of their rights.

來自北京的黃奕知（音譯）律師補充說，勞動部門對違規者的處罰不僅可以起到制約作用，同時也鼓勵那些受害者爲自身權利去尋求保護。

“The key is to pursue full implementation of these regulations,” she said.

“關鍵在於使這些規章制度能全力貫徹落實，”她說。

To Wu Wenjia’s disappointment, however, the job fair was cancelled due to there not being enough employers to participate.

然而，令吳文佳失望的是，這場女生專場招聘會最終還是被取消了，因爲報名參加的用人單位寥寥無幾。