美語情景對話 第809期:European Matters 歐洲的問題

Christophe: OK, Aiste, we're going to talk about environmental issues in Europe. So, does Lithuania have environmental issues?

克里斯托弗：好，愛斯蒂，我們來談談歐洲的環境問題。立陶宛有環境問題嗎？

Aiste: Oh, actually were are facing kind of a big problem. The Baltic Sea that's besides Lithuania. You know three Baltic countries: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, together with Scandinavian and Denmark are close to the Baltic Sea that's very isolated and almost has no contact with the ocean and because of that it functions almost like a lake so it means the oxygen can't really get into it and there are a lot of algae growing and the eutrophication and together pollution as well as nutrients increase due to the factories that are around the place where people live are causing a lot of problems in Baltic Sea.

愛斯蒂：哦，實際上我們面臨着嚴重的問題。立陶宛位於波羅的海沿岸。波羅的海三國爲愛沙尼亞、拉脫維亞和立陶宛，另外斯堪的納維亞和丹麥離波羅的海很近，波羅的海非常孤立，幾乎與海洋沒有任何接觸，正因如此，波羅的海其實更像是一個湖泊，這表明氧氣無法進入波羅的海，而且海藻大量生長，出現富營養化現象，另外由於人們生活區域的工廠造成了很多污染，這些都給波羅地海造成了很多問題。

Christophe: Eutrophication? What does that mean?

克里斯托弗：富營養化？那是什麼意思？

Aiste: Eutrophication is actually a process when due to the increase nitrates and other organic materials, a lot of algae starts growing in the sea, and therefore it deprives the sea of oxygen and once it deprives the seas of oxygen, no more fish can live in the sea and they start dying out. Therefore the sea smells with kind of sulphur — strange smell — and it's a huge problem because the biodiversity and the fish and the in the sea decreases.

愛斯蒂：富營養化其實就是硝酸鹽和其它有機材料增加的過程，波羅的海有大量的海藻，導致波羅地海無法吸收氧氣，一旦氧氣無法進入，魚類就無法在波羅的海生活下去，瀕臨滅絕狀態。所以波羅的海聞上去有種硫磺的味道，一種很奇怪的味道，因爲魚類數量開始減少，這就給生物多樣化造成了嚴重問題。

Christophe: Wow! That sounds horrible.

克里斯托弗：哇！聽起來很可怕。

Aiste: What about Belgium? Do you have any problems in Belgium do the environment?

愛斯蒂：比利時呢？比利時有環境問題嗎？

Christophe: Well, first of all we have a lot of people living in a very small country. I think we have around four hundred people each square kilometer, so it means that there are too many people in my country. Everything is full of houses, so there's almost no forest any more. There's a real huge problem of deforestation. The second problem is that we have a lot of rivers that are polluted. We have many factories and they're polluting our rivers because we have a lot rivers in Belgium. Remember, it is raining there a lot of times and there just dumping all their stuff in the river so this causes rivers that have no fish anymore, or where children cannot swim in anymore, so that's a very, very huge problem in Belgium and we're trying to solve that now.

克里斯托弗：首先，我們國家非常小，可是人口衆多。我認爲我們國家的人口密度大約是每平方千米400人，這說明我們國家的人口太多了。到處都是建築，幾乎沒有森林地區。濫伐森林現象嚴重。第二個問題是我們有很多河流被污染。有太多的工廠污染河流，因爲比利時有很多河流。還記得嗎，比利時雨水很多，所有污染物都會進入河流，這樣就導致河裏的魚類幾乎滅絕，而且也沒有孩子們可以游泳的地方了，這是比利時一個非常非常嚴重的問題，目前我們正在努力解決這個問題。

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重點講解：
1. together with 連同…一起；還有；加之；
例句：He sent her some roses, together with a nice letter.
他送她幾枝玫瑰，隨同附上一封動人的信。
2. due to 由於；因爲；
例句：The flight was delayed due to bad weather.
由於天氣不好，飛行推遲了。
3. deprive of 剝奪；使喪失；使不能享有；
例句：These trees deprive my house of light.
這些樹遮住了我房屋的光線。
4. be full of 有大量…的；滿是…的；
例句：My stationery cupboard is full of paper.
我的文具櫃塞滿了紙。
5. die out 逐漸消亡；滅絕；絕種；
例句：No one have come up with a convincing explanation of why dinosaur die out.
尚未有人能對恐龍的滅絕作出一個令人信服的解釋。