害怕社交、隱藏情緒、怕被拒絕？14道題測測你是不是D型人格

Are you a Type D personality? Test reveals how the little-known character type is so good at bottling up emotions that even they don't realize they're lonely and anxious.

你有D型人格特徵嗎？有測試表明，擁有這種鮮爲人知的性格的人非常善於隱藏情感，甚至他們自己都沒有意識到自己很孤單、很焦慮。

Are you often irritable?

你經常煩躁嗎？

Do you tend to hide your feelings from others?

你傾向於隱藏自己的感情嗎？

Do you often feel gloomy and down in the dumps?

你是否經常悶悶不樂、心情不好？

If the answer is "yes", then maybe you are a Type D personality.

如果答案是“是”，那麼也許你是D型人格的人。

Type D personalities usually have a low self-esteem and a great fear of disapproval and this is the primary reason that prevents them from opening up to others.

D型人格的人通常自尊心不足，害怕被反對。這也是他們不想向其他人敞開心扉的主要原因。

Thus assuming that type D personalities lack social interest is not correct but the right thing is that they might be interested in people but afraid to approach them because they fear rejection.

因此，D型人格的人並不是缺乏社交興趣，而是可能對別人感興趣，但又害怕接近別人，因爲他們害怕被拒絕。

Negative emotions such as worrying, stress, depression and anger visit type D personalities more often. A small event that is usually overlooked by others can bother a type D a lot and even ruin his mood.

擔憂、緊張、抑鬱和憤怒等負面情緒更常在D型人格的人身上體現。一件常常被他人忽視的小事就可能讓D型人格的人煩惱，甚至會破壞他的心情。

The term was first devised by psychologist Johan Denollet from Tilburg University who created a quiz to identify a type D personality.

“D型人格”最先由荷蘭蒂爾堡大學的心理學家Johan Denollet提出。他還設計了一個測試，幫助人們認識自己是否具有D型人格特徵。

Quiz

Below are a number of statements that people often use to describe themselves.

以下是人們經常用來描述自己的一些句子。

Choose the number next to each statement that best reflects your feelings.

每個句子後面有5個數字，選擇最能反映你的感受的數字。

There are no right or wrong answers, just be honest with yourself.

這項測試的答案沒有對錯，只要對自己誠實即可。

0 = false

0 =不是

1 = somewhat false

1 =不全是

2 = neutral

2 =中立

3 = somewhat true

3 =有時是

4 = true

4 =是

1) I make contact easily when I meet people 0 1 2 3 4

遇到別人我能很輕鬆地和他/她交談

2) I often talk to strangers 0 1 2 3 4

我經常和陌生人說話

3) I am often irritated 0 1 2 3 4

我經常生氣

4) I often feel inhibited in social interactions 0 1 2 3 4

社交中我經常壓抑自己

5) I take a gloomy view of things 0 1 2 3 4

我對事物持悲觀態度

6) I find it hard to start a conversation 0 1 2 3 4

我發現自己很難開啓一段對話

7) I am often in a bad mood 0 1 2 3 4

我經常心情不好

8) I am a closed kind of person 0 1 2 3 4

我是一個封閉的人

9) I would rather keep people at a distance 0 1 2 3 4

我更願意和別人保持距離

10) I often make a fuss about unimportant things 0 1 2 3 4

我經常在不重要的事上花費很多精力

11) I often feel unhappy 0 1 2 3 4

我經常覺得不開心

12) I often find myself worrying about something 0 1 2 3 4

我發現自己經常擔心一些事情

13) I am often down in the dumps 0 1 2 3 4

我經常心情沮喪

14) When socializing, I don't find the right things to talk about 0 1 2 3 4

社交時我找不到合適的話題

Add your scores for questions one to nine to see how you score on the Negative Affectivity scale

將第1題到第9題的分數相加，計算自己在“消極情感”維度的得分。

On questions 10 and 11, if you circled 0, enter 4; if 1, enter 3; if 2, enter 2; if 3, enter 1; if 4, enter 0.

第10、11題，選0得4分，選1得3分，選2得2分，選3得1分，選4得0分。

Add your scores for 10 to 14 to find out how you score on the Social Inhibition scale.

將第10題到14題的分數相加，計算自己在“社交抑制”維度的得分。

You qualify as a type D personality if you scored 10 or higher on both Negative Affectivity and Social Inhibition scales.

如果在“消極情感”和“社交抑制”兩個維度得分均爲10分或10分以上，那麼你就是一個有D型人格特徵的人。

如果你有D型人格特徵怎麼辦？

The first thing you must understand about personality types is that they have nothing to do with genes. This means that if you have a Type D personality then this doesn't mean that you can't change it. Also, the quiz doesn't mean that the result of the quiz determines your destiny. According to psychology, any personality trait can be changed.

首先必須瞭解的一件事是，人格類型與基因無關。這意味着D型人格特徵並不是無法改變的。另外，測驗也並不意味着測驗的結果會決定你的命運。心理學研究表明，任何人格特徵都可以改變。

如果你是D型人格的人，試着從這幾個方面開始改變：

Learn to control your emotions, control your thoughts, get over fear of rejection and learn to open up.

學會控制自己的情緒，控制自己的想法，克服對被拒絕的恐懼，學會向別人敞開心扉。

你是A型、B型、C型人嗎？

Type A and Type B personality theory describes Type A individuals as outgoing, ambitious, rigidly organized, highly status-conscious, sensitive, impatient, anxious, proactive, and concerned with time management.

A型與B型人格理論指出，A型人格的人外向、野心勃勃、嚴謹、地位意識強、敏感、不耐煩、焦慮、積極主動和注重時間管理。

People with Type A personalities are often high-achieving "workaholics". They push themselves with deadlines, and hate both delays and ambivalence. People with Type A personalities experience more job-related stress and less job satisfaction.

有A型人格特徵的人往往是高成就的“工作狂”。他們用最後期限激勵自己，討厭延遲和矛盾心理。A型人格的人工作壓力更大，工作滿意度更低。

The theory describes Type B individuals as a contrast to those of Type A. Type B personality, by definition, are noted to live at lower stress levels. They typically work steadily, and may enjoy achievement, although they have a greater tendency to disregard physical or mental stress when they do not achieve.

同樣，A型與B型人格理論指出，B型人與A型人截然相反。根據定義，B型人格的人生活壓力較小。儘管他們在沒有實現自己的目標時更容易忽視身體或精神上的壓力，但通常可以穩定工作，享受成功。

When faced with competition, they may focus less on winning or losing than their Type A counterparts, and more on enjoying the game regardless of winning or losing.

面對競爭時，與A型人格的對手相比，B型人格的人可能不怎麼關注輸贏，而是盡情享受比賽。

To be brief, people with type C personalities are perfectionists, consistent and will never break the rules. Unlike their "sister" type A; type C personalities tend to take their time with the details and often check and recheck their work for accuracy. They tend to be deep thinkers and like to know every detail in regards to their work and life.

簡而言之，C型人格的人是完美主義者， 始終如一，永遠不會違反規則。 與A型人格的人不同的是，C型人會花時間處理細節，經常反覆檢查工作是否準確。他們往往是深思熟慮的人，喜歡瞭解自己工作和生活的每一個細節。

Last but not least, no matter what kind of personality you are, be positive and stay healthy!

最後，不管你是什麼性格的人，積極生活，健康向上！