新冠疫情導致美國四成低收入勞動者失業
近日《紐約時報》用整個頭版的版面等比例展示了美國近年來的失業率變化情況。曲線圖顯示，今年四月美國失業人數“飛流直下三千尺”，整個豎版差點放不下。美聯儲日前公佈的調查報告也顯示，受疫情影響，二月至四月美國失業率驚人，但是損失最慘重的還是低收入勞動者，失業率高達近40%。
Nearly 40% of lower-income Americans lost work as the coronavirus pandemic began its assault on the US economy, according to the Federal Reserve.
美國聯邦儲備委員會稱，隨着新冠疫情開始對美國經濟產生影響，近40%的美國低收入者失去了工作。
One in 5 adults who were working in February reported being laid off or furloughed in March or early April, according to a Fed report published Thursday.
根據美聯儲週四（5月14日）發佈的一份報告，二月份在職的成年人有五分之一在三月份或四月初被解僱或停職。
furlough[ˈfɜːrloʊ]: vt. （因無足夠工作可做而）停職（某段時間）；暫時解僱
However, the economic downturn disproportionately affected lower-income Americans.
然而，經濟低迷對低收入美國人的影響要嚴重得多。
Thirty-nine percent of people with a household income below $40,000 lost work over that period, according to the report, an annual survey of US household finances.
這份對美國家庭財務狀況的年度調查報告稱，這一期間家庭收入在4萬美元（約合人民幣28萬元）以下的人有39%失業了。
Conversely, that was true for just 19% of Americans with a household income between $40,000 and $100,000, according to a Fed spokesperson.
美聯儲的一名發言人稱，相反地，家庭收入在4萬美元到10萬美元之間的人只有19%失業了。
For those with an income exceeding $100,000, the disparity was even greater: Only 13% lost work.
對於那些收入在10萬美元以上的人來說，差異就更明顯了：只有13%的人失業了。
This data doesn’t capture the millions of Americans who have lost their jobs since early April.
這一數據並沒有涵蓋四月初以來失業的數百萬美國人。
More than 36 million Americans have applied for unemployment benefits over the past two months.
過去兩個月以來，超3600萬的美國人已經申請了失業救濟金。
The unemployment rate soared to 14.7% in April, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. That’s the highest level since the Great Depression, when the unemployment rate is estimated to have exceeded 20%.
根據美國勞工統計局的數據，四月份的失業率飆升到了14.7%。這是自大蕭條時代以來的最高水平，據估計當時的失業率超過了20%。
The leisure and hospitality industry, which pays the lowest average hourly wage compared with other industries, has experienced the most layoffs compared with other sectors of the economy, according to Bureau of Labor Statistics data.
根據勞工統計局的數據，相比其他經濟部門，平均時薪最低的休閒和酒店業解僱的人最多。
Employment loss has substantially impacted the financial well-being of families, according to the Fed.
美聯儲稱，失業極大地影響了家庭的財務狀況。
Among those who lost a job or had their hours reduced, 70% reported an income decline, impacting their ability to pay bills.
在那些失業或工作時間減少的人當中，70%報告稱自己的收入降低，影響到了支付賬單的能力。
Only 64% of those with a job loss or reduction in hours expected to be able to pay their bills in full in April, compared with 85% of those without an employment disruption, according to the Fed.
根據美聯儲的調查，失業或工作時間減少的人羣中，只有64%的人預期可以全額支付四月份的賬單，相比之下，沒有失業的人有85%可以全額支付。
