《權利的遊戲》與中國歷史的十大雷同之處(下)
ei Lannister
5.瑟曦·蘭尼斯特Making her first appearance on this list, Cersei Lannister is one of the most notorious characters in ASOIAF. Cunning, cruel, and manipulative, she is a murderous megalomaniac who, through the course of the series, manages to seize power as Queen Regent over the Seven Kingdoms until her son, King Tommen Baratheon, comes of age. Her rule, detailed in the fourth book of the series entitled A Feast for Crows, is noted for her increasingly erratic and paranoid decisions which ultimately lead to her own arrest and deposition from the throne. Essentially using her son as a puppet, she brings the Seven Kingdoms to the brink of collapse through her own vanity and incompetence.
瑟曦·蘭尼斯特第一次出場就是《冰與火之歌》中最臭名昭著的人物了。她是一個狡猾、殘忍、操縱慾強的殺人狂魔。運用一系列手段，她越過國王取得實權成爲攝政女皇，一直到她的兒子託曼·拜拉席恩成年。在第四本系列著作《羣鴉的盛宴》中，對她的政權管理有詳細的描述，也正是她越來越古怪偏執的決定，最終導致她的王權被推翻。事實上，是她把兒子當成傀儡，用自己的虛榮心和無能將七大王國帶到了崩潰的邊緣。
Chinese Counterpart: Empress Dowager Cixi
對應中國版：慈禧太后
The Chinese imperial line survived for 2,132 years. On one end was Qin Shi Huang, the unifier of China and founder of the Qin Dynasty. At the other was the Empress Dowager Cixi. Entering the palace at sixteen years old as a concubine, Cixi became a dowager empress ten years later when her five-year-old son assumed the throne. Her reign was a series of unmitigated disasters. Opposing badly needed reforms, she squelched China's finances with lavish personal excesses such as one incident where she diverted funds for the creation of a modern navy in order to build a lavish lakeside palace (which included a massive marble pavilion shaped like a Mississippi paddle-steamer). Predictably, soon afterwards China's antiquated navy was annihilated by the Japanese. Even worse, she officially sponsored the Boxer Rebellion, an anti-foreigner uprising which Cixi saw as an opportunity to regain control of China from foreign influence. Instead, the Rebellion was squashed by an alliance of Western countries after the Boxers attacked the International Legations in Beijing. In response, the Forbidden City was looted and Cixi had to flee from the capital disguised as a peasant. By the time she returned sixteen months later, China was further in debt to Western powers than ever before. Though she tried to enact last-minute reforms (some of which had been initially suggested by her emperor nephew years earlier, an act of rebellion against Cixi which led to his being arrested and imprisoned on an island), the writing was on the wall. China was incapable of defending itself against warlords and revolutionary groups. Four years after her death the Qing Dynasty collapsed with such force that the 2000+ year imperial line was severed.
中國的皇帝制存在了2132年，由中國的統一者、秦王朝的建立者秦始皇開始，以慈禧太后專制結束。慈禧在16歲時以貴人的身份進宮，十年後她5歲的兒子登上皇位，她便成爲了皇太后。她的統治可以說是場噩夢不斷的災難。她揮霍無度，極盡奢華，嚴重阻礙了極度需要的社會改革。比如有一次，她挪用創建現代化海軍的費用來修繕頤和園。可想而知，不久後中國的舊式海軍被日軍擊敗。更無語的是，她公開資助義和團，想利用義和團來對抗外國列強以奪回政權。然而，義和團在攻擊北京國際公使館時被西方聯盟軍打敗。於是，紫禁城被洗劫，慈禧不得不打扮成農婦逃離京城。當她重回京城16個月後，中國被西方列強進一步侵佔。儘管她試圖做最後的改革（儘管其中有些改革措施曾在早年被光緒皇帝提出過，但當初這種行爲違背了慈禧旨意，於是他被囚禁到一個小島上），但這些改革都是紙上談兵。舊中國敵不過軍閥和革命團體。慈禧死後4年，清王朝被軍閥和革命團體推翻，兩千多年的皇權專制制度也被瓦解。n IV Targaryen
4.伊耿·坦格利安四世
More popularly referred to as Aegon the Unworthy, Aegon IV Targaryen was known primarily for two things: having an insatiable sexual appetite and siring a great number of bastards. A corrupt and incompetent man, he not only neglected his duties as king, he spent his days and nights having sex with as many women as he wanted. Under his rule, people began to joke that the words of House Targaryen were "Wash her and bring her to my bed." But his worst act as king was the legitimization of many of his bastards on his deathbed, leading to the Blackfyre Rebellion and open civil war in Westeros.
伊耿·坦格利安四世最著名的綽號便是"庸王",而且他的庸腐主要體現在兩方面：一個是有極度旺盛的性慾，另一個是私生子衆多。這個腐敗無能的國王，他一直沒有履行自己作爲君主的職責，並且終日荒淫無度。在他的統治下，人們開始開玩笑說坦格利安家族的代言是"把她洗乾淨帶到我的牀上"。但是他最糟糕的表現是臨終前讓他衆多私生子都成爲合法繼承者，從而導致了內戰——黑火叛亂的發生Chinese Counterpart: Zhengde Emperor
對應中國版 ：正德皇帝
Even Aegon the Unworthy might have told the Ming Dynasty Emperor Zhengde to tone things down when it came to his sexual pursuits. He decreed that his inner palace as well as his occasional places of residence by permanently staffed with "a substantial number of serving-women." Many of these women were taken unwillingly from the general population via draft campaigns. Even worse, Zhengde was either incapable or uninterested in maintaining his massive harems. Many of them died of hunger and illness every day. Also like Aegon the Unworthy, his death led to a crisis of succession. But unlike Aegon, the crisis was caused by his having no legitimate heirs.
也許對於伊耿來說，他的荒淫史跟明朝正德皇帝朱厚照比起來算是小巫見大巫了。正德下令將內殿和行宮都永久配備大量侍寢女子。這些女子大多是從尋常百姓家經過強行挑選而侍奉皇帝的。更糟糕的是，正德要麼是無力管轄，要麼是對保護他龐大的後宮佳麗沒有興趣，在這種情況下，每天都會有後宮女子餓死或者病死。跟伊耿相同的是，他的死也帶來了王位爭奪戰，但是不同的是他屬於後繼無人型。rey Baratheon
3.喬佛裏·拜拉席恩
Oh yes, Chinese history has its very own Joffrey Baratheon. That's quite a claim considering that Joffrey is one of the most despised and hated characters not only in ASOIAF but in all of modern fiction. He has a stunning laundry list of abuses and atrocities to his name including, but not limited to: the murder of Eddard Stark (an act which leads to Robb Stark declaring himself King in the North and waging open war on the Iron Throne), the frequent humiliation and torture of Sansa Stark, the gleeful murder of starving townsfolk, and the abuse of his uncle Tyrion Lannister. He was finally murdered via poisoned wine during his wedding feast to Margaery Tyrell. He was mourned by nobody save his mother Cersei.
當然，中國歷史上也有自己的喬佛裏·拜拉席恩。這充分說明不僅在小說《冰與火之歌》中，幾乎在所有的現代小說中，喬佛裏都被認爲是最令人鄙視和痛恨的一位。他的惡行簡直罄竹難書，舉例說明，他對艾德·史塔克的謀殺（此舉導致了羅伯·史塔克在北部自立爲王並且發起叛亂），對珊莎·史塔克的羞辱與折磨，殺害饑民，並且害死自己的叔叔提利昂·蘭尼斯特，這些都只不過是他惡行清單上的一部分。最終他在與瑪格麗·提利爾的婚禮宴席上被人下毒致死。他的死簡直大快人心，除了他的母親瑟曦沒有人會哀悼。Chinese Counterpart: Liu Ziye
對應中國版：劉子業
In 465 CE, Liu Ziye assumed the throne of the Liu Song Dynasty when he was seventeen years old. About a year later he was assassinated. Seemingly predisposed to psychotic acts of violence, Liu Ziye was so kill-crazy that "all officials, whether inside the court or outside, were in danger of losing their heads." He would frequently have high officials and family members killed. Also, in a move that would make Joffrey's mother proud, he had incestuous relationships with his sister and aunt.
公元465年，年僅17歲的劉子業在南朝宋登基。一年後由於他的變態暴行被人行刺而死。他的暴虐嗜殺如此的瘋狂，乃至於朝廷內外的大小官員，性命垂危。他頻繁殺害朝廷的高官和他們的家屬。然而更讓人噁心的是，他竟和自己的姐姐（劉楚玉）和姑姑（劉英媚）亂倫。Reynes of Castamere
2.雷耶斯家族
"The Rains of Castamere" is a popular song in the universe of ASOIAF which tells the story of Tywin Lannister's destruction of House Reyne of Castamere following their rebellion against House Lannister. The Reynes had risen alongside the Tarbecks of Tarbeck Hall after judging their liege lord Tytos Lannister to be too weak to stop them. But his son Tywin exterminated every member of both houses. The aforementioned song has become synonymous with no-quarter-given warfare and the ruthlessness of the Lannisters, so much so that its performance is a psychological weapon potent enough to sway the hearts and minds of those considering rebelling against them.
《卡斯特梅的雨季》是廣爲流傳的一首歌，它講述了泰溫·蘭尼斯特由於雷耶斯家族起兵反叛，對蘭尼斯特不敬而鎮壓消滅他們的故事。由於蘭尼斯特的君主泰陀斯軟弱可欺，雷耶斯家族聯合塔貝克家族公開挑釁。之後，他的兒子泰溫·蘭尼斯特根除了這兩大家族的所有成員。上述的那首歌已經成了對敵人趕盡殺絕以及蘭尼斯特人冷酷無情的代名詞，它作爲一種思想武器強有力地動搖了那些想要反抗的人的信念。Chinese Counterpart: The Yangzhou Massacre
對應中國版：揚州十日
The Yangzhou Massacre may never have gotten its own popular song that would later be covered by Sigur Rós, but like the destruction of the Reynes of Castamere it involved the mass murder of innocent people in retaliation for the rebellious acts of their leaders and superiors. In 1645 an armed force loyal to the recently deposed Ming Dynasty were defeated by Manchu soldiers representing the newly founded Qing Dynasty in the city of Yangzhou. The Manchus then proceeded to lay waste to the population of the city, killing, looting, and raping with extreme prejudice. One source reported some examples of the slaughter: "Babies lay everywhere on the ground. The organs of those trampled like turf under horses' hooves or people's feet were smeared in the dirt, and the crying of those still alive filled the whole outdoors. Every gutter or pond that we passed was stacked with corpses…the canals, too, had been filled to level with dead bodies." The massacre was a crucial stepping stone in the destruction of dissent against the Qing Dynasty. Apparently, the message to the Chinese people had been received.
揚州十日大屠殺可能從未有過自己的成名曲，即使有也將會被之後的冰島樂團所掩蓋，然而就像是雷耶斯家族的覆滅，揚州十日也是爲了報復官員和軍民的反抗從而波及大量的無辜民衆受害。1645年在揚州，新建政權的清朝滿洲大軍擊潰明朝的武裝防線。隨後滿軍開始摧殘揚州人民——燒殺搶劫，姦淫擄掠。有記載描述這場大屠殺："滿地皆嬰兒，或襯馬蹄、或籍人足，肝腦塗地，泣聲盈野。行過一溝一池，堆屍貯積，手足相枕……塘爲之平。"這場大屠殺是摧毀反清復明的一個重要的里程碑。顯然，當時的中國人已經接收到了這場屠殺傳遞的信息，乖乖俯首稱臣。n Cersei versus Margaery Tyrell
1.瑟曦王后VS瑪格麗·提利爾
It may seem odd to end this list with a struggle between two women, especially after previous entries have featured massacres and centuries of warfare. But Cersei Lannister's struggle for dominance against Margaery Tyrell during the fourth book of the ASOIAF series, A Feast for Crows, has such a shocking and repulsive real-life parallel that my discovery of it was what led me to write this list in the first place. Following the death of Tywin Lannister, Cersei became Queen Regent for her son King Tommen desperate need of financial and military support, Tommen is married to Margaery, solidifying the alliance between the Iron Throne and House Tyrell. A cold war begins between Cersei and Margaery for influence over Tommen. Cersei finally triumphs when she frames Margaery for adultery and treason. The tables are unexpectedly turned on Cersei and both women are currently imprisoned awaiting trial in the as yet unreleased six book of the series, The Winds of Winter. Whether Cersei will eventually succeed in destroying Margaery is unknown at the time of this article being written. But the same cannot be said for…
本文以兩個女人的爭鬥作結似乎有些令人匪夷所思，尤其是在此之前還提到了那麼多慘絕人寰的大屠殺以及難以忘懷的世紀之爭。但是在《冰與火之歌》系列的第四部《羣鴉的盛宴》中，瑟曦·蘭尼斯特與瑪格麗·提利爾的權位之爭在小編看來是對那時候既令人震驚又讓人排斥的現實生活的再現，由此將其置之榜首。泰溫·蘭尼斯特離世後，瑟曦便成爲攝政女皇輔佐其子託曼一世。由於財政和軍需緊缺，託曼與瑪格麗聯姻從而穩固了鐵王座和提利爾家族的聯盟。一場誰行使託曼的主導權的較量在瑟曦和瑪格麗之間拉開帷幕。瑟曦最終以瑪格麗與人通姦對國王不忠而取勝。在還未出版的《冰與火之歌》系列之第六部《冬日的寒風》中，命運的指針轉而指向瑟曦，這樣，這兩個女人都遭監禁，等待審判。而現在，瑟曦最終是否能成功地摧毀瑪格麗還不得而知。Chinese Counterpart: Lady Lü and Her "Human Pig"
對應中國版：呂后和她的"人彘"
翻譯：小飛俠8+7 來源：前十網
