孕婦吃垃圾食品或成癮 將遺傳給寶寶
研究者們發現，那些對於垃圾食品難以自拔的懷孕中母親們極有可能將這種不良飲食習慣遺傳給下一代，並在子女身上“重蹈覆轍”。
Expectant women with a diet high in sugar and fat can 'rewire' the brains of their unborn children and make them less able to resist its lure after they're born, according to a news study.
一項調查指出，懷孕期間的女性高糖高熱量的飲食習慣將影響到胎兒的大腦，並使得他們在出生以後對於這樣的美食也難以拒絕。
The research could explain why some people are more able to likely to become 'junk food junkies' than others.
研究者們解釋了爲何某些人更容易成爲“垃圾食品難民”。
Scientists conducted an experiment on two groups of rats during pregnancy and lactation.
科學家們利用兩組正在懷孕和哺乳期的大鼠進行對比試驗。
One group of pregnant rats was fed standard 'rat feed' while the other were given a diet made up of high-fat, high-sugar junk foods eaten by humans.
其中一組老鼠的飼料爲普通標準，而另一組則是人類會食用的高糖高熱量的垃圾食品。
After weaning, the baby rats were allowed to pick their own diet from a choice of rat feed and junk food.
在斷奶後，研究者們觀察了幼鼠對於飼料與垃圾食品兩者之間選擇的喜好。
The offspring of mums fed junk food were found to eat more of it than the rat pups whose mothers were fed rat feed.
垃圾食品母鼠所產下的幼鼠對於這種不健康食品的喜愛程度大大高於飼料母鼠所生的後代。
Scientists from the FOODplus Research Centre in the School of Agriculture Food and Wine at the University of Adelaide, Australia, also analysed the rat pups' brains for levels of 'feel good' chemicals such as dopamine and opioids, as well as the receptors that these chemicals act upon.
澳大利亞的科學家們稱，使得幼鼠大腦中“滿足”的化學物質包括瞭如多巴胺和阿片類成分，以及這些受這些物質所作用的化學成分。
Results showed higher levels of opiod receptors in the brains of rats whose mothers had eaten junk food during pregnancy.
研究發現在懷孕期間食用垃圾食品的母鼠受這些物質的影響更大、
This suggests that their mothers' excessive consumption of junk food during pregnancy and breastfeeding could have got them hooked too.
同時，母鼠對於垃圾食品喜愛與習慣將遺傳給自己的幼子。
Study co-author Beverly Muhlhausler, from the FOODplus research centre said: 'These results will help us to better help women about diet during pregnancy and breastfeeding for giving their infants the best start in life.'
參與這個實驗的科學家表示，研究結果有助於我們爲懷孕及哺乳期的母親們提供更好的飲食，以便她們的寶寶都能有個健康得開始。
Dr Gerald Weissmann, Editor-in-Chief of The FASEB Journal, in which the research appears, called the findings 'ironic.'
該領域的《FASEB》期刊的主編傑拉爾德·韋斯曼博士稱研究結果具有“諷刺意味”。
He said: 'How ironic that your mother nags you to eat your fruits and vegetables, but it could have been her actions that helped you prefer junk food.
他說：“你的母親拼命的要你多吃蔬菜水果，但她卻全然不知，正是自己行爲讓你更鐘情於垃圾食品。”
'Perhaps in the future, studies like these will convince pregnant moms to go heavier on the green vegetables and a little lighter on the ice cream.'
“大概在不久的將來，類似於這樣的科學研究會使得更多的懷孕母親更在注重自己健康的飲食習慣。”
