中英雙語話史記 第136期:新民主主義革命
The Republic of China
中華民國New Democratic Revolution(1919----1949)
新民主主義革命The May 4th Movement of 1919 is regarded as the ideological origin of many important events in modem Chinese history.
1919年的五四運動被認爲是近代中國許多重要事件的思想源頭。
Its direct cause was the unequal treaties imposed on China after the First World War.
導致其發生的直接原因是一次世界大戰後強加給中國的不平等對待。Out of strong patriotism, students initiated the movement, and it further developed into a National protest movement of people from all walks of life.
出於強烈的愛國情緒，學生髮起遊行，並進一步發展成一個全國性的、涉及各行各業的抗議活動。It also marked the introduction into China of various new ideologies, among which the spread of Marxism-Leninism was worthy of special mention.
五四運動標誌着各種新思想開始進入中國，其中最值得一提的就是馬克思列寧主義。
Under the influence of Russia’s October Revolution of 1917, 12 delegates, including Mao Zedong, representing Communist groups in different places throughout the nation, held the First National Congress in Shanghai in 1921 to found the Communist Party of China.
在1917年俄國十月革命的影響下，1921年，全國各地的共產主義團體派出12位代表，在上海召開第一次全國代表大會，中國共產黨正式成立。The Chinese people led by the CPC underwent successively the Northern Expeditionary War (1924—1927), War of Agrarian Revolution (also known as “Ten-Year Civil War” （1927—1937), War of Resistance Against Japan (1937—1945) and War of Liberation (1945—1949).
中國共產黨領導的中國人民先後歷經北伐戰爭（1924-1927）、土地革命戰爭（也稱爲“10年內戰”，1927-1937）、抗日戰爭（1937-1945）和解放戰爭（1945-1949）。Owing to the cooperation and joint resistance of the CPC and Kuomintang, the Japanese aggressors were defeated.
國共兩黨通力合作，打敗了日本侵略者。But shortly after the anti-Japanese war, the Kuomintang launched a civil war.
但是抗日戰爭結束後不久，國民黨就發動了內戰。After the three-year War of Liberation led by the CPC, the Kuomintang government was overthrown in 1949.
經過3年解放戰爭，1949年國民黨政府被共產黨推翻。
