中英雙語話中國歷史名人 第69期:朱自清

Zhu Ziqing(1898~1948), originally named Zihua, styled Peixian, literary name Qiushi, ancestral home in Shaoxing in Zhejiang Province, resided in Yangzhou.

朱自清(1898~1948 )，原名自華，字佩弦，號秋實，祖籍浙江紹興，定居揚州。

He was a poet, proser, scholar, and also a champion of democracy and a patriotic intellectual.

他是詩人、散文家、學者，又是民主戰士、愛國知識分子。

His long lyric Destrucrion(1923) caused a sensation in the literary world.

1923年他以抒情長詩《毀滅》震動了當時的詩壇。

He published the poetry anthology Traces(1924).

1924年出版詩集《蹤跡》。

His poems were pure and simple, superior to most of the poems written by the new school of poets at the initial stage.

他的詩純正樸實，是初期新詩中難得的作品。

Zhu Ziqing's prominent achievements were his prose creation. His lyric essays were collected in A Glimpse of Father's Back and You and l. He wrote travel notes Random Accounts of a European Journey and Random Accounts of London.

朱自清的突出成就是散文創作，有散文集《背影》、《你我》，遊記《歐遊雜記》、《倫敦雜記》。

He was adept in writing polished and exquisite lyric essays, such as the plain and moving A Glimpse of Father's Back, the quietly elegant The Moon of the Lotus Pond, the mild and unaffected Children, etc.

他擅長寫漂亮精緻的抒情散文，如樸素動人的《背影》，明淨淡雅的《荷塘月色》，委婉真摯的《兒女》等。

His writing attitude was serious and conscientious. He was persevering in reflecting life.

朱自清的寫作態度嚴肅不苟，始終執著地表現人生。

The Qinhuai River in the Oar Sound and Lamplight and The Moon of the Lotus Pond were steeped in the feeling of loneliness and emptiness and the sense of loss and pain that came when illusions had vanished after the defeat of Great Revolution.

《槳聲燈影裏的秦淮河》和《荷塘月色》，寄寓着他大革命失敗後在黑暗現實面前悵然若失的寂寥和鬱悶。

In A Glimpse of Father's Back, he wrote about a father seeing his son off, who was leaving home for a faraway place because of the change of fortune in the family. Through his simple and honest narration, the writer expressed his loving thoughts for his old father. The feeling of sadness also illustrated the plight of the petty-bourgeoisie, whose decline was inevitable in spite of their repeated efforts to save themselves.

《背影》描寫了家庭遭到變故，父親送別兒子這一極富人情味的場景，樸實無華又真切感人。

His lyric essays depicting scenery were precise in observation and keen in sound and color. He created profound implications with ingenious metaphor and association and his personal emotions. In the mild and indirect manner, a placid flavor was preserved with well-organized structure and clear thread of thoughts. Zhu Ziqing's style was simple, precise and sincere; his language was colloquial but refined. His essays had a great influence on the devotees of the new literature, significantly contributing to the development of vernacular prose.

他的寫景抒情散文，對景物觀察精確，對聲音、色彩感覺敏銳，通過巧妙的比喻與聯想，融入自己的感情色彩，構成幽遠渾圓的意境;結構縝密，脈絡清晰，婉轉曲折中保持着一種溫柔敦厚的氣氛;語言全用口語，樸素清秀，在20世紀20年代就被看作是嫺熟使用白話文字的典範。

All his essays were included in collections such as Standards and Yardsticks and On Refined and Popular Taste.

朱自清的雜文被收入《標準與尺度》和《論雅俗共賞》等集中。

He also wrote many articles on the study of Chinese classical literature and of literary criticism, which were collected into Platitude on Classics, Discourse on Poems as a Vehicle of the Meaning, Miscellaneous Remarks on New Poetry and Highlights of Language and Literature.

他還撰寫了許多關於中國古典文學研究和文學評論的文章，結集出版了《經典常談》、《詩言志辯》、《新詩雜話》、《語文零拾》等。