歷史今天:一戰第二次馬恩戰役
【英文原文】
Second Battle of the Marne
The Second Battle of the Marne, or Battle of Reims (15 July to 6 August 1918) was the last major German offensive on the Western Front during World War I. It failed when an Allied counterattack led by French forces overwhelmed the Germans, inflicting severe casualties.
Background
Following the failures of the Spring Offensive to end the war, Erich Ludendorff, Chief Quartermaster-General and virtual military ruler of Germany, believed that an attack through Flanders would give Germany a decisive victory over the British Expeditionary Force (BEF), the most potent Allied force on the Western Front at that time. To shield his intentions and draw Allied troops away from Belgium, Ludendorff planned for a large diversionary attack along the Marne.
【中文譯文】
1918年7月15日至8月6日的第二次馬恩戰役(也稱蘭斯戰役)是第一次世界大戰期間德國西部戰線的最後一次主要進攻戰役。法國領軍的聯盟軍對德軍強有力的反擊導致這場死傷慘重的戰役最終以德軍的失敗告終。
春季進攻失敗之後，德軍行政軍領袖、實戰軍事指揮官埃裏希魯登道夫相信在這個時候對西部戰線最有力的聯軍--英國遠征軍進行軍事打擊將會爲德軍帶來決定性的勝利。於是魯登道夫在馬恩河沿線發動一次大規模的佯攻，目的是將聯軍引離比利時並掩飾他的軍事戰略。
