馬拉拉基金CEO獨家迴應塔利班襲擊 他們謀殺了100多名孩子
In 2012 when 17-year-old Malala Yousafzai was shot in the head on a school bus by the Taliban, she became the first Pakistani student to be actively targeted by the militants. Two years later, Yousafzai is tragically joined by hundreds more.
On Tuesday, a Taliban attack on a school in Peshawar has left more than 100 schoolchildren killed. Shiza Shahid, the co-founder and CEO of the Malala Fund, an organization working to break the cycle of poverty and empower girls through education, has devoted much of her life to championing women around the world. In an exclusive interview with Fortune, Shahid — speaking as a Pakistani advocate — shared her initial reactions.
上週，塔利班襲擊了巴基斯坦北部城市白沙瓦的一間學校，100多名學生因此喪生。關注扶貧及女童教育問題的馬拉拉基金（Malala Fund）聯合創始人兼首席執行官希扎o沙希德接受《財富》（Fortune）的獨家專訪，以一名巴基斯坦支持者的身份，與記者分享了她對這一事件的看法。Edited excerpts:
以下是經編輯節選的採訪內容：
What was your reaction when you first heard about the attack?
在最初聽到這起校園襲擊案時，你的第一反應是什麼？It’s been incredibly heartbreaking as a Pakistani and as a human being. I have seen so many terrible things happening in Pakistan in recent years. Suicide attacks, sieges, Malala’s own shooting, but this really hits home in a way that is deeply painful. Malala was the first child to be deliberately target in Pakistan. Now they are targeting over 100 children dead.
對巴基斯坦人和全世界其他人來說，這起事件都令人心碎。近年來我在巴基斯坦經歷過如此多可怕的事情，包括自殺式襲擊、圍攻、馬拉拉被槍擊等，但是這次事件仍令我如被擊中要害般痛徹心扉。馬拉拉是第一個被塔利班蓄意襲擊的巴基斯坦青少年，現在他們變本加厲，謀殺了100多名孩子。What is missing in Pakistan right now that these violent attacks are continuing?
暴力襲擊仍在繼續，巴基斯坦目前最缺失的是什麼？The roots of terrorism in Pakistan are deep and complicated and lawless and ungoverned. Various ideologies are all in the quest for the very same thing: Power. When territories are ungoverned, and people are disappointed and not given opportunities to strive for a better tomorrow, people fall prey to terrorist groups who have the means to intimidate and frighten.
巴基斯坦國內的恐怖主義根深蒂固、錯綜複雜，而且缺少法律的約束和政府的管治。各個流派都在追逐同一個目標：權力。領土之內缺乏有力管治，人民對此深感失望，卻又無力爲爭取更好的未來而抗爭，只能活在恐怖分子的威脅和恐嚇之下。Why do school children remain a target for the Taliban?
爲什麼塔利班一再襲擊在校學童？Significant progress has been made by the military to root out certain terrorist leaders and this was really an act of retaliation. This is a school that mostly has children of military officers and cadets and their wives were teachers. So really, this was retaliation to what was done by the military, and it shows how long this battle is going to be.
巴基斯坦軍方剷除了一部分恐怖分子頭目，取得了反恐的重大進展，這次的襲擊顯然是報復行爲。遭受襲擊的是一間軍人子弟學校，學校的老師大多數是軍官和軍事學員的家屬。因此，這就是一次針對此前巴軍方反恐行動的報復行爲，表明了這場戰爭將會曠日持久地進行下去。Also, there is nothing more precious than our children. By going as far as attacking children, they are saying that nothing is off limits, so there is an utter lack of humanity. There have been instances where terrorists have bombed empty schools as a way to protect the teachings of western ideologies, but this act was clearly and deliberately meant to kill children, and it is as heinous as can be.
沒有什麼比我們的孩子更加珍貴。恐怖分子襲擊手無寸鐵的兒童，表明他們毫無顧忌，沒有底線。這種做法慘無人性。此前恐怖分子曾經轟炸無人的學校，以此拒絕西方的意識形態，但此次事件攻擊的目標直接就是兒童，實在令人髮指。Do you think this act of violence marks a tipping point in Pakistan?
你認爲這次暴力襲擊會否成爲巴基斯坦的一個轉折點？We are at a point now were the country needs to stand up and stand up together. We need to grieve for who has been lost and take action for once and for all, and we need to say no more and say never again.
在這個時刻，整個國家都應該團結起來，奮起抗爭。我們既要哀悼逝者，又要採取行動徹底剷除恐怖分子，不再姑息並堅決杜絕此類事件重演。Are you fearful that this will deter children from going to school?
這次事件是否會讓孩子們害怕去學校上課？This has been happening for awhile. In the past, areas around schools have been targeted and school buses have been threatened and for a while now, military schools have been targeted as well. I live about a mile away from the Navy complex in Islamabad, and for awhile there has been heavy security. If children aren’t given an education there really isn’t anything left. So hopefully we will take the time to grieve, and hopefully the people will come together and do everything we can to protect children. For more children to lose their one chance to get an education will result in many more tragedies just like this.
這種情況已經持續了一段時間。過去恐怖分子打擊學校附件的地區，襲擊校車，而現在他們襲擊軍事管理學校。我住在伊斯蘭堡海軍基地一英里以外的地方，當地暫時處於戒嚴狀態。如果兒童無法接受教育，那這個國家就真的沒有未來了。所以我希望人們爲逝者哀悼，同時行動起來盡一切努力保護孩子們。如果越來越多的孩子失去受教育的機會，就會釀成更多這樣的悲劇。What, if anything, has changed for the better in Pakistan since 2009 when you started a summer camp to empower young girls and their education?
2009年時你組織了一個夏令營爲女孩提供受教育機會，在那之後，巴基斯坦國內在此方面取得了怎樣的進展？Where we have taken two steps forward, we have also taken two steps backward in various aspects. We have more girls going to school than before and we have more parents agreeing that sending their girls to school is a priority. We also have more women in medical school than men. On the other hand, you have terrorists targeting schools, and you still see female medical school graduates not going to work because they are worried about getting a husband. The terrorist threat is very real against women.
我們有兩點進步也有兩點退步。上學讀書的女孩子比以前多了，有更多家長認識到了送女兒上學的重要性。醫學院的女學生也比男學生多。另一方面，出現了恐怖分子襲擊學校的事件，還有醫學院的女生畢業後爲了結婚而不去就業的情況。恐怖主義對女性存在着切實的威脅。How can concerned people outside of Pakistan help?
其他國家的那些關心你們的人如何能提供幫助？I am a big believer in finding local activists and advocates and supporting them. That is very much the model that I worked with at the Malala Fund. Now I am working on a social impact fund that will invest on the ground, and there are some great organizations that try and highlight local leaders and amplify their work.
我強烈建議他們去找當地的活動家和倡導者，給這些人提供支持。這就是我在馬拉拉基金會的工作模式。現在我在爲一個具有社會影響力的基金會工作，它能夠在當地進行基礎的投資，還有一些大型機構選擇與當地領導人聯手，擴大其影響力。We have heard Malala’s story, and it was a great example of the power of story telling. We have more stories to tell, and we need to bring those stories into the media and supporting their organizations is a great way for us to do it. You are seeing young girls in villages starting companies to sell handbags that employ local women. You see entrepreneurs and young people creating change and innovation. Those are the things we need to focus on, and those are certainly the things I focus on given how hard it is to get anything done through the government.
我們都聽說過馬拉拉的故事，它充分顯示了一個故事講得好會具有怎樣的力量。我們還有很多故事可講，而且我們要在媒體上講述這些故事，支持相關的組織就是一個很好的方法。你可以看到年輕的鄉村女性創建手包品牌並聘用當地的婦女，你還可以看到創業者和年輕人在變革和創新。這些就是我們需要關注的東西，也是我最爲關注的方面，因爲這些很難通過政府來實現。（財富中文網）
