不健康的假日:5天的垃圾食品會如何傷害你的新陳代謝

The bliss of the sun, the change of scenery… there's something about holidays that makes us think we can overindulge without doing our waistlines much harm. But just five days of eating more fatty food than usual can have a longer-lasting effect than we realise.

明媚的陽光、不一樣的風景……假日會讓我們過度放縱自己，以爲腰圍不會變粗。但只需5天，如果這5天你吃的油膩食物比平時更多，那造成的影響會比我們意識到的更長久。

What's more, it continues even after we return to our normal eating habits, a study has found. Repeated blowouts could lead to weight gain, obesity and other health problems. 'Most people think they can indulge in high-fat foods for a few days and get away with it,' said Dr Matt Hulver, who carried out the study in the US.

此外，一項研究發現，當我們迴歸正常飲食時，這種影響還會繼續。不斷地吃大餐會導致體重上升、引起其它的健康問題。"大多數人覺得可以偶爾吃幾天高脂食物，而且能很快甩掉這些脂肪，"馬特·赫夫爾博士說道，正是他在美國開展了這項研究。

'But all it takes is five days for your body's muscles to start to protest. This research shows our bodies can respond dramatically to changes in diet in a shorter time frame than we have previously thought.' Five days of indulgence is enough to alter the metabolism, the study found, weakening our ability to process food effectively even when we do start eating healthily again.

"只需5天，你的身體肌肉就開始抗議了。這一研究表明：我們的身體對飲食的短期變化反應極大，遠遠超過了我們之前的想象。"研究發現：5天的縱容足以改變新陳代謝，削弱我們有效消化食物的能力，即使我們重新吃回健康的食物後還是如此。

Volunteers who ate a high-fat-diet for five days were less able to process sugar after the experiment was completed. After five days of eating lots of fat, the muscles' ability to oxidise glucose (sugar) - one of the stages of breaking it down to use it into energy - was disrupted

實驗完成後，連續吃5天高脂食物的志願者處理糖分的能力變弱。連續5天吃了很多脂肪後，肌肉喪失了氧化葡萄糖的能力--這是分解葡萄糖使其轉變爲能量的階段之一。

Processing sugar in the muscles is one of the key ways that the body absorbs calories. Dr Hulver, from the Virginia Tech College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, said: 'There are plenty of times when we eat fatty foods for a few days, be it the holidays, vacations or other celebrations.

在肌肉中處理糖是身體吸收卡路里的主要方式。弗吉尼亞理工大學農學與生命科學學院的赫夫爾博士說："很多時候我們會連續幾天都吃脂肪食物，不管是假期、度假，還是其它慶典的日子。"

'But those high-fat diets can change a person's normal metabolism in a very short time.' During the study, which was published in the journal Obesity, healthy university students were fed a fat-laden diet including sausages, macaroni cheese and other food loaded with butter.

"但這些高脂飲食能在極短的時間內改變一個人正常的新陳代謝。"該研究發表在《肥胖》期刊上，在研究過程中，研究員給健康的大學生提供富含脂肪的食物，包括香腸、通心粉芝士和其它含黃油的食物。

They consumed the same amount of calories as before the study, but more came from fat. Dr Hulver found the muscles' ability to oxidise glucose was disrupted after five days of the high-fat diet. After we eat, our muscles break down glucose by oxidising it for energy or storing it for later use.

實驗前，他們攝入了相同量的卡路里，但更多的是來自於脂肪。赫夫爾博士發現：連續5天的高脂飲食之後，肌肉氧化葡萄糖的能力喪失了。吃過東西后，我們的肌肉會通過氧化葡萄糖將其分解轉化爲能量，或貯存起來留有後用。