每天吃奶酪或有益健康

Cheese is typically considered more of an indulgence than a health food, but a new review of research suggests that it may not be as bad for you as once thought. In fact, people in the analysis who ate a little bit of cheese every day were less likely to develop heart disease or have a stroke, compared to those who rarely or never ate cheese.

人們通常認爲奶酪比保健品更容易讓人放縱，但一項新的研究綜述表明：奶酪或許並沒有人們以前以爲的那麼糟糕。事實上，在實驗分析中，與很少吃或從來都不吃奶酪的人相比，每天都吃一點奶酪的人患心臟病、中風的風險更低。

Cheese, like other dairy products, contains high levels of saturated fat-which has been linked to high cholesterol, atherosclerosis and an increased risk of heart disease. (Recently, however, some nutrition experts believe that saturated fat is more benign.) But cheese also contains potentially beneficial ingredients like calcium, protein and probiotics, wrote the authors of the new paper, published in the European Journal of Nutrition.

和其它乳製品一樣，奶酪也含有大量的飽和脂肪--與高膽固醇水平、動脈粥樣硬化以及心臟病風險增加相關。（然而，有些營養專家於最近表示飽和脂肪其實更是有益健康的。）新文章發表在《歐洲營養雜誌》的作者寫道：但奶酪同時含有潛在的有益健康的成分，比如鈣、蛋白質和益生菌。

To learn more about how long-term cheese consumption affects a person's risk for cardiovascular disease, researchers from China and the Netherlands combined and analyzed data from 15 observational studies including more than 200,000 people.

爲進一步瞭解長期食用奶酪會對人們患心血管疾病產生何種影響，中國和荷蘭的研究人員對15個觀察性研究（20多萬名受試者）的數據進行了綜合分析。

The researchers' findings were "certainly different from what people might expect," says Dr. Allan Stewart, director of aortic surgery at Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center, who was not involved in the new analysis. Overall, people who consumed high levels of cheese had a 14% lower risk of developing coronary heart disease and were 10% less likely to have a stroke than those who rarely or never ate cheese.

研究員的研究結果"與人們所期望的完全不同，"艾倫·斯圖爾特博士說道。他是西奈山醫學中心Ichan School of Medicine的主動脈手術主任，他沒有參與到這項新分析中。總的來說，相比很少吃或從來不吃奶酪的人來說，大量攝入奶酪的人患冠心病的風險要低14%、中風的風險要低10%。

The relationship, however, was U-shaped rather than linear-meaning that higher quantities of cheese were not necessarily better. The people who had the lowest risks for heart disease and stroke were those who consumed, on average, about 40 grams a day-about the size of a matchbook. (According to the review, the average American eats about 42.5 grams a day.)

然而，這種關係是U型的，而不是線性的--這就意味着奶酪吃的越多，也不一定越好。患心臟病和中風風險率最低的人平均每天攝入40g奶酪--和火柴盒一般大小。（綜述表示，美國人平均每天吃42.5g的奶酪。）

"This is not the same as eating a big slice of cheesy pizza every day," says Stewart. He also cautions against reading too much into data that's self-reported-because people tend to over- or under-estimate their consumption of specific foods.

"這與每天吃一大塊披薩還不一樣，"斯圖爾特說道。他還警告人們不要過多閱讀自己報告的數據--因爲人們往往會高估或低估他們對特定食物的攝入量。