託福寫作大小寫詳細的規則介紹

託福作文中，會出現一些有大小寫的詞，那麼這些詞都有哪些?小編在這裏做了整理和總結，方便大家的備考。所以想要系統的學習託福寫作中的大小寫原則，那就趕快來看看小編爲大家整理的內容吧!

託福寫作大小寫詳細的規則介紹

1.直接引語中，句首字母要大寫。例如：“Then，”I said，“You havebeen making a mistake，and the letter is not in the apartment.”“那麼，”我說，“你準弄錯了。這封信並不在那棟房子裏。”

2.星期、月份名稱的第一個字母要大寫，但季節第一個字母不大寫。例如：Sunday星期天，August八月，winter冬天，spring春天。

3.一些大型節日名稱的第一個實詞的第一字母都要大寫。如：Children‘s Day兒童節，National Day國慶節， Teachers’ Day教師節。

4.由普通名詞構成的專有名詞詞組，除其中的冠詞、較短的介詞和連詞外，每個詞的第一字母都要大寫。例如：the Great Wall長城，the UnitedStates美國。

5.大型會議、文件、條約名稱的每個實詞(虛詞：副詞、介詞、連詞、助詞、嘆詞和擬聲詞則不用大寫)的第一個字母都要大寫。書名、報刊名應大寫首字母，文章標題中的每一個實詞的第一個字母要大寫。

如：China Daily《中國日報》，New York Times《紐約時報》，Their Class《他們的班級》(文章標題)，the Warsaw Treaty《華沙條約》， 實例：English Coaching Paper《英語輔導報》。

6.詩歌的每一行的第一個單詞的第一個字母要大寫。

7. 表示稱呼語或職務的詞首字母要大寫。實例：Mr Green格林先生， Dr Li李博士

8.大多數的縮略詞要大寫。實例：CCTV(中國中央電視臺)， ID(身份證)， CD(光盤)

10.句子開頭的第一個字母要大寫。“I(我)”在句中任何位置都要大寫。例如：What‘s her name?Mary and I are teachers.

11.地名、國名和人名等專有名詞第一個字母要大寫。例如：Russia(俄羅斯)，Youyang(酉陽)，Chengdu(成都)，Jack(傑克)。

12.一些親屬關係(如mother，sister，mum，dad等)用作稱呼語時第一個字母要大寫。例如：Thank you，Granny.謝謝你，姥姥。

13.人名前的稱呼或頭銜第一個字母應大寫。例如：Mr Smith，Dr Wang，Miss Mary。

14.表示語種、民族的名詞或形容詞第一個字母要大寫。例如：Russian俄語、俄羅斯人(的)，Chinese漢語、中國人(的)。

　　託福寫作：獨立寫作句法的多樣性

丨動靜結合總相宜

例1：她按時到校上學。

動態句：She attends school regularly.

靜態句：Her attendance at school is regular.

例2：他擁有一所房子。

動態句：He possesses a house.

靜態句：He is in possession of a house.

技巧小結：中文習慣動詞佔優勢，但是英語裏面靜態詞彙(名詞、介詞、副詞、形容詞等)佔優勢。所以在寫作時同學們應該考慮英語句子靜態特徵的表達。

丨具體抽象互補足

例3：她的樸素衣着使他顯得更美。

具體句：Her simple dress adds to her beauty.

抽象句：The simplicity of her dress adds to her beauty.

例4：溫暖的房間使我昏昏欲睡。

具體句：The warm room made me sleepy.

抽象句：The warmth of the room made me sleepy.

技巧小結：中文表達重具體，英文表達重抽象。

丨物稱人稱相交替

例5: 我永遠忘不了這個教訓。

人稱主語：

I will neverforget the lesson.

物稱主語：

The lesson willbe rootedin my memory forever.

例6: 不同的團隊成員對工作有不同的態度。

人稱主語：

Different team members have different attitudes towards work.

物稱主語：

Attitudes towards work vary from person to person.

技巧小結：英語主語常用人稱和物稱兩種形式表達。物稱主語注重“什麼事發生在什麼人身上”，人稱主語側重“什麼人怎麼樣”。

綜上所述，同學們在獨立寫作中，除了使用習以爲常的並列句和從句以外，爲滿足託福寫作中的句法多樣性原則，還應該多考慮在文章寫作中加入如上三種句子表述方式。同時，在背單詞的同時，一定要注意掌握同一單詞的派生詞，這樣才能更加遊刃有餘地完成不同形態的句子。

　　託福寫作思路從積累託福語料做起

很多同學在學習託福寫作中經常沒思路，看見題目就已經蒙了，那麼從今天開始北京新東方趙雲龍BOMB老師幫你補充補充背景知識好不好，讓你“知其然知其所以然” 既然“機經”如今沒以前準了，那就不如從現在開始咱們積累一些和託福寫作相關話題的語料和背景知識，考試當中能用起來!!! Let’s begin now~~

First，請各位3分鐘時間默讀下面的文段(以下範文出自KYLE DeNUCCIO 不同顏色的詞請重點關注)

①Financial literacy is the ability to use knowledge and skills to make effective and informed money management decisions. Gaining the knowledge and developing the skills to become financially literate is a lifelong process that begins with something as simple as putting a few pennies in a piggy bank, and evolves to more advanced subjects such as risk and asset allocation.

②Because financial literacy is not emphasized in the education system - less than half the states have any financial literacy requirements for grades K-12, and only four states require high school students to take personal finance classes - most kids lack the necessary knowledge and skills to become financially responsible adults. The President's Advisory Council on Financial Literacy wrote in its 2008 Annual Report to the President: "By almost any measure, today's school children are ill-equipped to understand personal finance and make their way in the modern financial world. Their rising debt and debt problems, along with their poor inclination to save, substantiate what the test scores show. Meanwhile, most students still graduate from high school without any formal classroom education in personal finance."

③There is now - especially following the global financial crisis that began in 2008 - a growing interest in requiring more personal finance classes in the K-12 setting. Ben Bernanke, Chairman of the Federal Reserve System has stated that, "One of the key lessons of the recent financial crisis is the importance of personal financial literacy. Besides improving their personal financial decision making, teaching students economic principles will help them as citizens understand and make choices about many of the critical issues confronting our nation."

④Despite this recognition, most things money are still taught at home, where the role of financial educator falls primarily on parents, guardians and other adults in the home. For many adults, however, talking about money is akin to talking about other provocative subjects. Unsure of where to begin and worried about saying the wrong thing, many adults simply avoid conversations about money. This is often made worse by adults' lack of confidence in their own handling of finances. It is important for adults to remember that, even if they are not financial rock stars themselves, they have experience and perspective on their sides, and can draw both from their financial mistakes and successes to share essential knowledge and skills to their children. It starts with a conversation.

⑤In our first guide, Teaching Financial Literacy To Kids, we introduced concepts that are appropriate for the youngest learners, such as the difference between needs and wants.(細節!!) / In part two of the series, Teaching Financial Literacy To Tweens, we covered intermediate topics, including income and expenses, saving for long-term goals and entrepreneurship. / In this tutorial, designed especially for teaching teens, we introduce the more advanced topics suitable for teenagers, including budgeting, credit and debt, money management and investing.(細節!!)(473words)

讀完了是不是有一種“好高大上啊” 我寫不出來啊，沒關係哈來下面BOMB老師幫你“庖丁解牛” 請動筆“記” 光看沒用，快拿筆!

ncial literacy ：翻譯成中文的話就類似“理財的能力”

e.g.：Financial literacy is the ability to use knowledge and skills to make effective money management decisions, so children are obliged to get informed about.

理財是一種使用知識和技能的能力去做出高效的金錢管理決定，所以孩子務必要去了解。

literate：有文化的，會讀寫的

illiterate：文盲的

rmed decisions： 明智的決定 類似表達比如 smart move/sound decision

e.g.：School authorities might make an informed decision to put in a vast majority of money to hire famous teachers after researching hundreds of students’s needs.

校方在調查了百名學生的需求後做出個明智的決定，就是去投入大量的資金僱傭教師。

long process：一輩子的事兒

e.g.： Marriage is a lifelong process that we have to think twice to make an informed decision.

婚姻是個一輩子的事兒，我們要認真考慮以便做出個明智的決定。

ing a few pennies in a piggy bank：把零錢裝進存錢罐

“piggy bank”表示零錢罐，penny 一便士

t allocation ：資產分配

e.g.：Confronting financial crisis, government has to implement a proper asset allocation policy to avoid repeat financial depression.

面臨資產危機的時候，政府必須要實施合適的資產分配政策來防止周而復始的經濟蕭條。

emphasized in: 被重視

e.g.：The mindset of "problem-solving" and “thinking-critically “ should be emphasized in the construction of teenagers teaching curricular.

“解決問題”和“批判性思考”的思維應該在青少年教學課程建設中被強強調。

ire sb to do：要求某人做某事(一般與學生搭配在一起使用更佳)

e.g.：School should require students to attend to some extracurricular activities to strengthen their social abilities.

學校應該要求學生參加一些課外活動去加強他們的社交能力。

ncially responsible adults：經濟上有責任感的成年人

e.g.：In order to become financially responsible adults, children are supposed to engage in different finance-related activities to acquire more practical skills on issues of money autonomy.

爲了成爲經濟上獨立的成年人，孩子應該參與不同的與經濟有關的活動去獲得更多的實用的技能在金錢自理的問題上。

ill-equipped to：表示”做某事沒有準備好“ ”缺乏某種能力“

e.g.：Parents are ill-equipped to understand their children and put in less faith in them such as restricting their money spent on entertainment; limiting their time spent on watching TV, and even prohibiting their freedom to choose majors.

父母未能很好的理解孩子並且對孩子有很少的信任，比如限制他們花在娛樂上的錢,限制他們花在看電視上的時間,甚至禁止他們選擇專業的自由。

poor inclination to ：表示有做不好的事情的不良傾向

e.g.：Children, especially for those rebellious adolescents, tend to have poor inclination to crime, so they should be guided in a right way by their parents.

孩子,特別是那些叛逆的青少年,往往有犯罪的傾向,所以他們應該被他們的父母用正確的方法引導。

a growing interest in：表示在某方面展現興趣

e.g.：Talent kids tend to show a growing interest in tackling difficult problems.

有天賦的孩子往往在解決難題上有很多的興趣。

primarily on：主要屬於某人/主要落在誰身上

e.g.：To address environmental problems, the duties will fall primarily on three aspects : governments ;individuals and small businesses.

爲了解決環境問題,責任將主要在三個方面:政府、個人和小企業。

akin to: 與某事某物相似

e.g.： Friendship is akin to love.

愛人者，人恆愛之。

ocative subjects：刺激的話題/爭議的話題

e.g.：How to achieve a sense of happiness has long been the provocative subjects which are often discussed among scholars.

如何擁有幸福感一直是一個有爭議的並被學者討論的話題。

one’s sides：就某人而言/支持某人/站在某人那邊

e.g.：On my side, finance-related issues should be emphasized in the education of kids.

在我看來，與金錢有關的問題應該在小孩的教育中被重視。

e essential knowledge and skills to ：分享重要的知識技能給某人

e.g.：Teachers should share essential knowledge and skills to teenagers who are eager to learn and improve their abilities.

老師應該分享重要的知識技能給那些想學習並提高能力的青少年。

　　升級!9種花樣句型，搞定託福高分寫作!

1.定語從句

寫作中最常用的句型之一，可以將兩個簡單句輕鬆地連接成一個漂亮的複雜句。

例如，下面的這兩個句子用上定語從句。

Bad books contain evil thoughts. In them, there might be much description about violence,superstition, and sex.

→ Bad books, in which there might be much description about violence, superstition, and sex, contain evil thoughts.

2. 狀語從句

寫作中常用的是以下五種狀語從句，即原因狀語從句，讓步狀語從句，條件狀語從句，時間狀語從句和目的狀語從句。

【原因狀語從句】

常由because, as, since和for引導。

Eg: Nonetheless, I am still in favor of space travel, for its merits far outweigh demerits.

儘管如此，我還是贊成太空探險，因爲它的好處遠遠大於壞處。

【讓步狀語從句】

常由although, though, even though/ if, as long as和notwithstanding引導。

Eg: Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.

儘管這一觀點被廣泛接受，很少有證據表明教育能夠在任何地點、任何年齡進行。

【條件狀語從句】

常由if, on the condition that和providing that引導。

Eg: If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill one of your ambitions, you must work hard, make efforts and get prepared.

假如你要取得成就或要實現你的雄心壯志，你必須努力工作、艱苦奮鬥、準備好條件。

【 時間狀語從句】

常由when和while引導。

Eg: When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.

說到教育，大部分人認爲其是一個終生的學習。

【 目的狀語從句】

常由so that和in order that引導。

Eg: Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.

成千上萬的人們不得不花費更多的精力和時間學習新的技術和知識，使得他們在就業市場能保持優勢。

3. 賓語從句

Eg: Some people claim that government should be mainly responsible for the environmental pollution.

一些人認爲政府應對環境污染負主要責任。

Eg: Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitableresult and there is no way to avoid it.

許多專家指出這是現代社會發展必然的結果，無法避免。

4. 同位語從句

Eg: It is an undeniable fact that environmental pollution becomes increasingly serious.

環境污染變得越來越嚴重是不可否認的事實。

Eg: No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.

沒有人能否認這一基本事實：對於一般工人來講，輕鬆掌握這些技術是不可能的。

5. 主語從句

Eg: What has caught our attention is /It is noticeable that the environment in both the rural and urban areas is deteriorating.

值得注意的是農村和城市的生態環境都在不斷惡化。

Eg: It is universally acknowledged that environmental pollution becomes one of the most serious problems in China or even the world as a whole.

衆所周知，環境污染問題是中國乃至世界面臨的最爲嚴重的問題之一。

6. 強調句

句式：It is + 被強調的內容 + that

Eg: It is cars and factories that release a great deal of gases, polluting the environment.

汽車和工廠排放大量的廢氣，使得環境被污染。

7. 被動語態

Eg: Every means should be tried to protect the environment on which people live.

人們應竭盡全力來保護我們賴以生存的環境。

8. 分詞結構

包括現在分詞和過去分詞。

Eg: Tourism, which is a rising industry, has become the major source of economy, playing crucial role in many Asian countries.

旅遊業是一個新興的行業，它成爲經濟的主要來源， 在很多東南亞國家起着尤爲重要的作用。

Eg: To be more specific, government should stage some relevant laws or regulations to severely punish the factory producing a great number of pollutants and the people littering or spittingdeliberately.

具體來說，政府應該出臺相關法律法規對製造大量污染物的工廠及故意亂扔垃圾、隨地吐痰的人進行嚴懲。

9. 插入語

一種獨立成分，與句子的其它成分一般沒有語法上的關係，大都是對一句話作一些附加說明或解釋。它通常由一個詞、一個短語或一個句子構成，位置較爲靈活，可置於句首、句中或句末，一般用逗號或破折號與句子隔開。

Eg: Computer, an indispensable part in our life, has brought us great conveniences.

電腦，我們生活中必不可少的一部分，給我們帶來了極大的方便。

Eg: College students, lacking social experience, are easily cheated.

大學生，沒有社會經驗，容易上當受騙。

這些就是託福寫作的一些小技巧啦，你學到了嗎?