亞太區域經濟一體化的光明前景

亞太區域經濟一體化的光明前景
The Asia-Pacific Economic Integration Forebodes a Bright Future

中國外交部國際經濟司司長 張軍
Zhang Jun, Director-General of the Department of International Economic Affairs at Ministry of Foreign Affairs, PRC

《南華早報》，2016年11月16日
South China Morning Post,16 November 2016

11月19日至20日，亞太經合組織（APEC）領導人將聚首祕魯利馬，共商亞太經濟合作大計。在經濟全球化和區域經濟一體化進程處於關鍵時間節點的背景下，本次會議受到各方高度關注。
The APEC Economic Leaders shall meet in Lima, Peru on November 19 and 20 to work on programs of vital importance, namely the economic cooperation in the Asia-Pacific. With both economic globalization and regional economic integration at a critical juncture, the forthcoming meeting has been the focus of attention from various parties.

當前，英國脫歐和民粹主義上升推高“反全球化”聲浪，貿易和投資作爲經濟全球化引擎的動力減弱，保護主義上升。在此形勢下，亞太區域經濟一體化之路何去何從？如何化解經濟全球化“開倒車”的風險？APEC作爲亞太地區最重要的經濟合作機制，將如何發揮引領作用？
Today, Brexit and the rising populism have given rise to the voices of “anti-globalization”. With protectionism on the rise, trade and investment are losing momentum as a driving force of economic globalization. Under such circumstances, where should the regional economic integration of the Asia-Pacific be heading for? How shall we avert the risks of the economic globalization running in reverse gear? As the most important institution for economic cooperation in the Asia-Pacific, how should APEC play its leading role?

經濟全球化和區域經濟一體化遭遇的困難不可否認，但長遠來看，經濟全球化不會止步，而會升級換擋進入新階段。作爲全球最具發展潛力和活力的地區，亞太區域的經濟一體化大趨勢未變，前景依然看好。
The difficulties arising from economic globalization and regional economic integration should not be denied. However, in the long run, economic globalization will not stop here. Rather, it will gear up and enter a new stage. As a region with the greatest development potential and vitality in the world, the general trend of the Asia-Pacific regional economic integration has remained unchanged and still holds a bright future.

經濟全球化的發展使各國之間的聯繫日益緊密。開放帶來進步，封閉導致落後，貿易投資合作不是零和遊戲，各國總體上都是其中受益者。在今年9月二十國集團領導人杭州峯會上，各方一致承諾，繼續努力建設開放型世界經濟，反對保護主義，促進全球貿易和投資，同時要確保經濟全球化背景下的經濟增長提供惠及更多人的機遇，並得到公衆普遍支持。亞太作爲全球最具增長活力的地區，有責任扛起推進包容性經濟全球化這面大旗。
The development of economic globalization has bonded various economies increasingly closer. Opening-up makes for progress while enclosure leads to backwardness. As trade and investment cooperation is no zero-sum game, various economies are all beneficiaries therefrom on the whole. At the G20 Summit held in Hangzhou in September, various parties unanimously committed themselves to continuing their efforts for building an open world economy, opposing protectionism and promoting global trade and investment. At the same time, they have also ensured that the economic growth in the economically globalized world should provide opportunities to benefit more people and, thus, gain the universal public support. As the most vigorous region for growth in the world, the Asia-Pacific is obliged to hold high the banner of promoting inclusive economic globalization.

APEC成立於冷戰結束和經濟全球化興起之時，區域經濟一體化是APEC的安身立命之本，是APEC永不褪色的主題。面對反全球化浪潮，APEC將當仁不讓成爲搏浪穿濤的旗艦。成立27年來，APEC始終順應發展潮流，致力於引領經濟全球化、深化區域經濟一體化。APEC制定和推進茂物目標，促進本地區貿易和投資自由化便利化，初步形成亞太大市場。APEC確立構建亞太自貿區的宏偉目標，開啓了區域經濟一體化的新紀元。
APEC came into being towards the end of the Cold War and the rise of the economic globalization with the regional economic integration as its soul and unfading theme. APEC will have no excuse but to brave the waves of anti-globalization as the flagship. Going along with the trends of the development in the past 27 years since its inception, APEC has committed itself to leading the economic globalization and deepening regional economic integration. APEC has promoted regional trade and investment liberalization and facilitation through advancing and enforcing the Bogor Goals, thus leading to an initial formation of a common Asia-Pacific market. APEC’s grand objective to establish a Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP) has ushered in a new era of regional economic integration.

APEC倡導互聯互通合作，頒發商務旅行卡，爲一體化提供堅實的硬件、軟件和人文基礎。APEC支持多邊貿易體制，承諾不採取新的貿易和投資壁壘，反對各種形式的保護主義。APEC助推全球價值鏈和供應鏈合作，達成信息技術協定，推動制定環境產品清單，注重解決下一代貿易投資問題，積極引領世界經濟潮流。
APEC has laid a solid foundation for integration through advocating cooperation in physical, institutional and people-to-people connectivities and issuing of the APEC Business Travel Cards (ABTC). APEC has supported the Multilateral Trading System, committed to relinquishing any new trade and investment barriers and opposed protectionism in whatever forms. APEC has taken a positive role in leading the world economic advances through promoting cooperation in global value chains and supply chains, concluding the Information Technology Agreement (ITA), pushing for the list of environmental goods and focusing on the next generation trade and investment issues.

APEC是集合了亞太地區主要發達成員和發展中成員的區域組織，各成員發展階段、開放水平不一，具有充分的多樣性。APEC秉持自主自願、協商一致的非約束性合作方式，自下而上、循序漸進達成共識，而非通過磋商談判和主權讓渡推進議程。APEC尊重各成員特殊需求，注重培育亞太大家庭精神和命運共同體意識，維護良好和諧的合作氛圍，創造了發展水平懸殊的經濟體共同推進經濟一體化的典範。APEC致力於共同發展，大力開展經濟技術合作，幫助發展中成員加強能力建設，不讓任何一方在經濟全球化大潮中掉隊。
APEC has featured sufficient diversity as a regional organization by gathering major developed and developing members at the same time with different stages of development and at various levels of opening in the Asia-Pacific. Refraining from resorting to negotiations and sovereignty transfer, APEC has carried forward its agenda by way of voluntary and non-binding cooperation featuring consultative consensus through a bottom-up and step-by-step approach. Respecting the special needs of its members, nurturing the communal consciousness and awareness of being locked in a community with shared destiny in the Asia-Pacific, and maintaining a favorable and harmonious environment for cooperation, APEC has made itself a role model in regional economic integration jointly promoted by economies at vastly different stages of development. APEC is committed to common development through vigorous implementation of economic and technical cooperation and assistance to developing members in capacity building so as to ensure that no party is left behind by the tide of economic globalization.

APEC應抓住今年利馬會議的契機，繼續全面、系統地推進亞太自貿區進程。建設亞太自貿區是對反全球化的有力迴應，也是亞太區域經濟一體化進程中的一劑良藥。一方面，亞太自貿區包容性強，使處於不同發展水平的經濟體都有機會參與，充分照顧各經濟體發展需求和舒適度，其建成後的經濟收益將超過任何現有區域自貿安排。另一方面，亞太自貿區將爲整合本地區自貿安排，化解區域合作“碎片化”挑戰，也爲未來亞太區域經濟一體化合作指明方向。
APEC will capitalize on the opportunity of the Lima meetings this year to push forward the FTAAP process in a comprehensive and systemic way. The process of FTAAP shall serve as a rebuff to anti-globalization and a toolkit to strengthen Asia-Pacific regional integration. On the one hand, FTAAP, being highly inclusive, can embrace economies at different levels of development and fully accommodate their development needs and comfortability, and once established, will deliver economic gains dwarfing any existing regional FTAs. On the other hand, FTAAP will chart the course of integrating various trade arrangements in the region, meeting the challenge of the fragmentation in regional cooperation, and furthering the regional economic integration in the Asia-Pacific.

面對2016年全球貿易增速可能降至2008年金融危機以來最低的嚴峻形勢，亞太各方高度期待建設亞太自貿區對保經濟、穩增長的重要意義。國際知名智庫近期對亞太主要經濟體相關負責人的訪問調查顯示，80%的受訪者都強調應推動亞太自貿區安排早日破局，助力亞太經濟形勢脫困。
In face of the grim situation that the growth of global trade in 2016 may drop to a new low since the 2008 financial crisis, various parties in the Asia-Pacific hold high expectations on the significance of FTAAP to maintain the economic development and steady economic growth. A recent survey by an internationally renowned think-tank among relevant leaders of major economies in the Asia-Pacific region has shown that 80% of the surveyed maintained that the FTAAP should be initiated as early as possible so as to help lift the Asia-Pacific economy out of difficulties

隨着世界經濟的發展與融合，實現區域經濟一體化的途徑早已不限於貿易投資自由化便利化，互聯互通已成爲另一重要抓手。中國人常說，要想富，先修路。這充分說明了互聯互通對經濟發展和促進貿易能力的意義。
Along with the world economic development and convergence, approaches to regional economic integration are no longer limited to trade and investment liberalization and facilitation. Connectivity has become another key driver. As a Chinese saying goes, build road first if you want to become rich. This suffices to illustrate the significance of connectivity to economic development and trade promotion.

2014年，APEC北京會議通過了十年期亞太互聯互通藍圖，確立了實現無縫、全面聯接和融合亞太的願景目標。目前藍圖落實全面推進，硬件、軟件和人員流動方面均取得積極進展。今年APEC將利用會議在拉美召開的機遇，深化太平洋兩岸經濟體的包容性參與，強化藍圖落實工作，拓展互聯互通合作深度和廣度。
The APEC Connectivity Blueprint for 2015-2025 adopted at the Beijing APEC Economic Leaders meeting in 2014, established the visionary goal of building a seamless and comprehensively connected and integrated Asia-Pacific. At present, with the implementation of the Blueprint in full swing, positive progress has been achieved in the physical, institutional and people-to-people connectivity. APEC will avail itself of the opportunity of holding the meetings in Latin America to deepen the inclusive participation by the economies along both sides of the Pacific to strengthen the implementation of the Blueprint and beef up connectivity cooperation in depth and breadth.

我們有理由相信，亞太區域經濟一體化的巨輪，一定能行穩致遠，駛向亞太共同發展、繁榮、進步的彼岸。中國願同各成員一起，爲打造開放型亞太經濟，實現共同發展、繁榮和進步的“亞太夢”貢獻力量。
We have reasons to believe that the flagship of the Asia-Pacific economic integration will embark on a course of smooth sailing towards common development, prosperity and progress of the Asia-Pacific. China stands ready to work together with various parties concerned and will contribute its share to the building of an open Asia-Pacific economy, and the realization of the “Asia-Pacific dream” of common development, prosperity and progress.