詞彙精選：have的用法和辨析大綱
一、詳細釋義：
aux.v.
(加過去分詞，構成完成時)已經，曾經
例句：
A number of variations of the apparatus described here have been employed successfully.
這種裝置的許多改型都曾經用得很成功。
例句：
The Japanese have been extremely effective in borrowing from us in areas in which we excel.
日本人曾經極有效地在我們佔優勢的領域向我們借鑑。
用於虛擬語氣
n.
（常作haves）富人，富國，擁有者
例句：
The gap between the haves and the have-nots is widening.
貧富之間的差距在擴大。
【俚】欺騙，詐騙
v.
有，懷有，知道，明白，表示（同情等） [T]
例句：
I have a vehement hatred of people who are cruel to animals.
我對殘害動物的人懷有強烈的憎恨。
例句：
You may have a passion for her, but it isn' t love.
你也許對她懷有強烈的愛，但這不是愛情。
例句：
Let's have fun!
讓我們玩吧！
做（動作），從事 [T]
吃，喝，吸（煙） [T]
例句：
He who swallows food handed out in contempt will have a bellyache.
嗟來之食, 吃下去肚子要痛的。
例句：
Ah, what suffering a little hindsight would have saved us.
唉，如果我們稍能借鑑於前車之覆，本來可以少吃多少苦頭 。
取得，接受 [T]
例句：
Pundits talk about how some people have it and some don’t.
具有這種文化的人又如何會在信息經濟中取得成功。
例句：
Great strides have been made in medical research.
醫學研究取得了很大的進展。
享受，遭受 [T]
例句：
To benefit from the low fare price you have to pay in advance .
您必須預先付款，才能享受優惠價。
例句：
What peaceful hours I once enjoyed ... but they have left an aching void.
我享受過多麼平靜的時光 ...,而這些時光卻給我留下一份悲痛的空虛。
（常與否定連用）允許，容忍 [T]
例句：
You'll have to learn to live with it, I'm afraid.
我看, 你得學會容忍這種現實.
例句：
Dounia would have none of him.
冬妮婭完全不能容忍他。
邀請，接待，放置 [T]
例句：
We have a standing invitation to visit them when we're in the area.
他們邀請我們將來到那裏時去他們家做客.
例句：
She have a part time job at the hotel reception desk.
她在飯店的接待處有一份兼職工作。
（後接不定式）必須，不得不 [T]
例句：
We have to bait here and take some food.
我們必須在這休息一會，吃點東西。
例句：
He will have to mortgage his land for a loan.
他不得不將土地抵押來申請貸款。
堅持說 [T]
例句：
We must have a tree,mom insisted.
“我們一定得有一顆聖誕樹，”媽媽堅持說，
例句：
We have been stressing the need to uphold the Four Cardinal Principles, haven't we?
不是說四個堅持嗎？
生育 [T]
例句：
For instance couples who are infertile or have genetic disorders could use cloning to produce a child.
例如不孕或遺傳紊亂的夫婦可以通過克隆來生育嬰兒。
【口】勝過，取得對…的控制 [T]
例句：
A man who can think will always have an advantage over others.
能動腦子的人總是會勝過別人。
例句：
It's better to have a grain of wit than a collection of moral saws.
一丁點智慧勝過一大本道德格言。
【口】（常用被動態）哄騙，上當 [T]
例句：
You have been spoofed.
你上當了。
例句：
You have been sold again . That car you bought is a wreck .
你又上當了。你買的那輛汽車是個廢物。
僱用 [T]
例句：
And when he came to himself, he said, "How many hired servants of my father's have bread enough and to spare, and I perish with hunger!"
他醒悟過來，就說：“我父親僱用的工人也過着口糧有餘的生活，我卻在這兒餓死嗎？”
例句：
We have taken on some students for the summer period on a casual basis .
我們已經僱用了一些學生作爲夏季階段的臨時工。
【俚】賄賂，收買 [T]
例句：
Never before have I been asked to accept a bribe.
以前我從未被要求接受賄賂。
例句：
I have never before been asked to accept a bribe.
我以前從未被要求接受賄賂。
【俚】(在兩性關係方面)佔有，與（女人）性交 [T]
例句：
It be an offence to have sexual intercourse with a girl under sixteen year of age .
與不滿16歲的女孩性交是一種犯罪行爲。
例句：
someone who forces another to have sexual intercourse.
用暴力強行與別人性交的人。
二、詞義辨析：
eat,dine,have,consume,devour,gorge,swallow
這些動詞均可表示“吃”之意。eat普通用詞，使用廣泛。既可用於人，也可用於動物。dine正式用詞，既可指一日三餐中的任何一餐，也可以指特殊的用餐。have可與eat換用，但強調一次性的動作。consume側重痛痛快快地吃得一乾二淨，可用於人和動物。devour指狼吞虎嚥地吃，強調吃得既快又徹底。gorge側重指拼命地吃或塞，強調吃飽或吃得過量。swallow主要指吃的整個過程的第二部分“咽”，並常指咀嚼得匆匆忙忙地吃。
三、詞義辨析：
have,hold,own,possess,keep,enjoy
這些動詞均有“有，具有，持有”之意。have最常用詞，可指任何情況下的具有，無論是物質的或精神的。hold指擁有並保持財產及持有見解等，暗示不讓別人拿走或佔有。own不及本組的possess正式，多指所屬關係，強調所有權，不管所屬物是否在物主手中。possess較正式，指擁有或佔有並能加以控制與支配，強調其歸屬；也指具有某種品質、才能、特點或性能等。keep指長時間地保有，保存某物，防止別人佔去，強調安全和感情上的依附。enjoy指享有某種權利或長處，帶有欣賞或喜愛的情感。
四、詞義辨析：
make,cause,get,have,render
這些動詞均有“使，使得”之意。make普通用詞，指強迫或勸誘他人做某事。cause正式用詞，側重指使某事發生的原因。get側重指勸某人做某事，或指使某事物處於某種狀態或產生某種結果。have普通用詞，指讓某人做某事。render書面用詞，多指因外界因素而使某人或某物處於某種狀態。
一、相關短語：
as luck would have it
碰巧；幸運地
have a ball
v. 狂歡
have a fit
v.【口】大吃一驚，大發脾氣
have a good time
過得愉快,玩得痛快
have got
擁有
have in mind
記住;考慮到,想到
have it coming
應得,值得,當之無愧
have on
v.穿着,戴着,在手頭,使上鉤
have a look
看一看
have it away
(同某人)亂搞男女關係, 私通
have it off
(同某人)亂搞男女關係, 私通
have sex
發生性行爲
一、參考例句：
You have pride and so have I.
你有自尊心，我也有。
I have many disks.
我有許多唱片。
We have ample time.
我們有充足的時間。
They have carnation cheeks.
他們有着淡紅色的臉頰。
Anyone have any ideas?
誰還有什麼好主意嗎？
They have ten dollars.
他們有十美元。
You have to behave.
你得規矩點。
Academic standards have retrograded.
學術標準已退步。
Do you have strawberry?
你們有賣草莓嗎？
The noes have it.
投反對票者佔多數.
