美國人口預期壽命連續兩年下降,因爲越來越多的人死於吸毒過量大綱

Life expectancy in the US is continuing to drop because of accidental deaths from the prescription and illicit opioids that are sweeping the country. This is the second year in a row that life expectancy declines in the US - to 78.6 years in 2016, down from 78.7 years in 2015 and 78.8 in 2014, according to a report by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS).
由於處方藥和非法阿片類藥物導致的意外死亡事件正在攀升，導致美國人口預期壽命持續下降。美國國家衛生統計中心（NCHS）發佈的一份報告稱，這是美國人口預期壽命連續下滑的第二年--從2014年的78.8歲和2015年的78.7歲下降至2016年的78.6歲。

The leading causes of death in the US are still heart disease and cancer. But the opioid epidemic is taking a heavy toll - particularly on young and middle-aged Americans. Last year, over 63,000 people died of drug overdoses, a 21 percent increase from 2015. The last time life expectancy dropped for two years in a row was in 1962 and 1963, when a particularly bad flu season caused lots of deaths, according to the Washington Post.
導致美國人死亡的罪魁禍首仍舊是心臟病和癌症。但阿片類藥物流行正在造成重大損失--尤其讓中青年美國人付出了沉重代價。去年，63000多人死於吸毒過量，比2015年增長了21%。上一次美國人口預期壽命連續兩年下滑還是在1962和1963年，當時流感特別嚴重，造成很多人患病去世，《華盛頓郵報》表示。

How long people can expect to live in a certain country is a sign of how healthy the overall population is; it's also considered a measure of quality of life. Advances in medicine and sanitation have boosted life expectancy around the world, especially in Africa. But compared to other developed nations, the United States is now an outlier.
一個國家的人口預期壽命是該國國民整體健康的一個標誌，也被視作衡量生活質量的指標。醫學和衛生的進步提高了全世界人口的預期壽命，尤其是非洲人的預期壽命。但與其他發達國家相比，美國卻靠不上邊。

In 2015, a study found that death rates in the US were rising for middle-aged white Americans because of suicide, drugs, and alcohol abuse. A study published in JAMA in September showed that from 1970 to 2000, life expectancy in the US rose by about 2.5 months every year, then slowed starting in 2000, and stopped altogether in 2014.
2015年，一項研究發現：由於自殺、吸毒和酗酒而死亡的中年美國白人人數正在飆升。九月份發表在JAMA期刊上的一項研究表明，從1970年至2000年，美國人口的預期壽命每年大約增長2個半月，2000年之後增長率減緩，並於2014年停止增長。

That's because deaths from drug overdoses skyrocketed: In 2000, more than 17,000 people died of drug overdoses. Today, that number has almost quadrupled. The latest data from the NCHS shows that, as a result of the opioid epidemic, death rates increased for younger age groups and decreased for older people since 2015. Life expectancy for women stayed the same, at 81.1 years (vs. 76.1 years for men).
這是因爲吸毒過量而死的人數激增，在2000年，17000多人死於吸毒過量。今天，這一數字幾乎翻了兩翻。美國國家衛生統計中心的最新數據表明，由於阿片類藥物流行，因此2015年以來，年輕人死亡率上升，老年人死亡率下降。女性的預期壽命保持不變，爲81.1歲（男性爲76.1歲）。

In October, President Donald Trump declared the opioid crisis a public health emergency - a move intended to expand access to treatment and loosen regulations to fight the epidemic.
十月份，唐納德·特朗普總統宣佈，阿片類藥物危機已成爲突發公共衛生事件--這一舉措旨在擴大獲得治療的渠道，同時放松管制、抵抗危機。