70年了，從《大鬧天宮》到《霸王別姬》，有哪些電影值得珍藏？大綱
Ahead of the 70th anniversary of the People's Republic of China, the column this weekend looks back at some of the movies that have made history or become game-changers in China's domestic industry.
隨着祖國70週年的華誕越來越近，本週的專欄打算做個回顧，捋一捋我們的爸爸媽媽、爺爺奶奶們追過的那些經典影片，看它們如何曾書寫歷史或是改變電影行業的規則。
First, I want to highlight something: Over the past seven decades, China has produced more than 12,000 movies, thanks to painstaking efforts by several generations of Chinese filmmakers.
首先，我想先說一個很驚人的數字。在過去70年裏，通過幾代電影人篳路藍縷的努力，中國已經生產了12000多部影片。
We now look at the timeline of films that were once the first of their kind and occupy a unique spot in Chinese cinematic history.
現在，就讓我們跟着時間線，來看看那些曾創造過“第一”的影片和在影史佔有獨特地位的佳片。
Daughters of China (1949)
《中華女兒》(1949)
The first film themed on China's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1937-45) after the founding of New China, Daughters of China was produced by Northeast Film Studio. Ling Zifeng, who made his directorial debut with this movie, later rose to become a leading figure among the country's "third-generation directors".
作爲新中國建立後拍攝的第一部抗戰題材影片，《中華女兒》由東北電影製片廠攝製，這是後來成爲“第三代導演”中領軍人物的凌子風的導演處女作。
The movie won the Striving for Freedom Award at the fifth Karlovy Vary International Film Festival, becoming the first title to scoop an international honor since New China was founded in 1949.
因該片於1950年在第五屆卡羅維發利國際電影節上獲得了“爭取自由鬥爭獎”，也因此成爲新中國第一部在國際電影節上獲獎的影片。
The movie also laid the artistic foundation for Ling's exploration of female psychology and human nature. His later work, A Woman for Two (1988), starring established actress Liu Xiaoqing and actor Jiang Wen, exemplified Ling's filmmaking chops on handling female themes.
這部處女作也爲凌子風在對女性心理和人性探索方面，奠定了深厚的藝術基礎。1988出品的、由當時已大紅大紫的劉曉慶和姜文主演的《春桃》，就展現凌導在女性題材方面的精湛功力。
Havoc in Heaven (1961-1964)
《大鬧天宮》(1961-1964)
In the history of Chinese animation, if there's one movie that's destined to become immortal, it is the Shanghai Animation Film Studio's Havoc in Heaven. Its protagonist, the Monkey King, is a household name rooted in Chinese mythology and literature. Complete with fine art inspired by Peking opera and Chinese folk art, the movie scaled heights that no others could at the time.
在中國動畫史上，有一部註定青史留名的影片，那就是上海美術電影製片廠的《大鬧天宮》。美猴王的故事本就家喻戶曉，加上京劇元素和中國民間藝術託底，讓這部影片的藝術性到了當時難以企及的高度。
Its production team included the top names in Chinese animation those days. Directed by legendary animator Wan Laiming and Tang Cheng, the movie consists of two parts: the first one released in 1961 and the second one in 1964.
影片製作團隊集結了當時中國動畫界最優秀的人才，由動畫圈傳奇人物萬籟鳴和唐澄聯合執導。因影片分爲上下兩集，上集在1961年公映，下集1964年製作完成。
Because of the political situation at the time, the two parts were released together many years later. The movie reached over 40 countries and became a major success, winning numerous awards.
但由於當時的形勢，影片直到多年後才全本面世，並傳播到40多個國家，拿獎拿到手軟。
Romance On Lushan Mountain (1980)
《廬山戀》(1980)
The 1980 film features the first kiss in cinema since the inception of New China and signified a shift in societal norms.
提到《廬山戀》，大概許多人會想到中國影史“第一吻”。雖然在今天看來，可能是愛情片裏很常見的浪漫元素，但在當時卻是石破天驚的創新之舉。
It tells the story of Zhou Jun, the daughter of a former Kuomintang general who has immigrated to the United States. She meets Geng Hua, the son of a senior Communist Party official, during a visit to the Lushan Mountain and the two fall in love.
影片講述了一位僑居美國的前國民黨將軍的女兒周筠回到祖國廬山遊覽觀光，與高幹子弟耿華巧遇，兩人一見鍾情並墜入愛河的故事。
The lead roles are played by 21-year-old Guo Kaimin and 22-year-old Zhang Yu. Neither had ever been in love when they were cast. So, crew members often "disappeared" during dinners, leaving the two alone to find their chemistry.
當時男女主演扮演者分別是當時21歲的郭凱敏和22歲的張瑜，兩個年輕人當時還沒談過戀愛。劇組爲了給他倆營造氣氛，經常一起吃着飯，其他人默默不見了，就剩下他倆了。
The kiss became a nationwide sensation after the movie hit theaters. The scene gave the romantic movie a classic status, while kick-starting a trend of more openness and relatable characters in Chinese movies.
而那個女主角在男主角臉上輕輕的一吻，由此鑄就了銀幕經典。影片在公映後舉國轟動，這也標誌着中國電影文化開始走向更寬容、更富有人情味的方向。
Red Sorghum (1987)
《紅高粱》(1987)
Scripted by novelist Mo Yan, Red Sorghum was Zhang Yimou's directorial debut and the first Chinese film to win the Golden Bear Award at the Berlin International Film Festival. The movie marks a time when Chinese films were beginning to earn recognition in the rest of the world.
莫言編劇的《紅高粱》是張藝謀的導演處女作，也是中國第一部捧得柏林國際電影節金熊獎的影片，標誌着中國電影和中國電影人開始走向更廣闊的世界舞臺。
There are some anecdotes from the film's production. One of the most well-known tales is perhaps that of Wu Tianming, then president of Xi'an Film Studio. He admired Zhang Yimou's talent so much that he generously gave him 30,000 yuan to plant red sorghums for major filming sequences, despite the fact that the film was yet to obtain government permission to shoot.
拍這部戲有着許多坊間趣聞，最有名的大概莫過於張藝謀要拍《紅高粱》時，項目還沒通過審批，但如果不趕在時令季節前種好高粱就來不及了。中國電影史上最著名的“伯樂”、時任西影長廠長的吳天明當機立斷，給了張藝謀三萬塊去種高粱。也正是這片高粱地，讓中國電影走向了世界。
Farewell My Concubine (1993)
《霸王別姬》(1993)
Farewell My Concubine proved to be the most glorious thing for its director, Chen Kaige, as it carved its place as a milestone epic in the history of Chinese cinema.
《霸王別姬》，是陳凱歌一生的高光時刻，也是中國電影的高光時刻。
Hong Kong actor Leslie Cheung's memorable incarnation as a leading Peking Opera artist set in a chaotic period makes the movie a classic that can never be replicated.
這部以京劇名角的悲歡離合帶出時代動盪的故事，在風華絕代的張國榮的演繹下，成爲難以複製的經典。
The movie received applaud overseas. It shared the Palme d'Or with The Piano at the 1993 Cannes Film Festival. Among its heavy-height awards was also best foreign language film at the Golden Globes.
影片赴海外參展後，驚豔四方。該片和《鋼琴課》雙雙分享了法國戛納國際電影節最高榮譽金棕櫚大獎的“雙黃蛋”，成爲首部獲此殊榮的中國影片。此後，該片還拿下美國金球獎最佳外語片獎等多項國際大獎。
Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000)
《臥虎藏龍》(2000)
Director Ang Lee's martial arts epic Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon is the first and only Chinese film to scoop the best foreign language recognition at the Academy Awards.
李安導演的《臥虎藏龍》是中國第一部獲得奧斯卡最佳外語片獎的華語影片，也是迄今爲止唯一的一部。
With a nerve-wrecking narration centered around the conflicts of a legendary sword, the film displays unique oriental aesthetics of Chinese martial arts culture.
通過扣人心絃的敘事，影片圍繞對一把傳奇寶劍的爭奪展開，展現了中國武俠文化浸潤下獨特的東方美學。
Hero (2002)
《英雄》(2002)
Despite Zhang Yimou's epic Hero receiving mixed reviews, the movie was the one that ushered in the era of blockbusters in Chinese cinema.
張藝謀的《英雄》雖然至今褒貶不一，但這部影片還是爲中國開啓了大片時代。
As a visual feast, the film has been one of the highest-grossing Chinese films in North America.
作爲一部華麗麗的視覺盛宴，《英雄》迄今爲止仍是北美票房最高的中國影片之一。
With an uNPRecedented expansion in the past decade, China has soared to become the world's second-largest movie market and has the most screens in the world, apart from boasting of an annual output of around 1,000 feature films.
這十幾年來，中國電影產業以前所未有的速度狂飆猛進，躍居世界第二大電影市場，擁有全世界最多的屏幕，年產量也達千部左右。
Movie genres are diversified, extending from new mainstream films like Wolf Warrior 2 to sci-fi epic The Wandering Earth and animated runaway hit Ne Zha.
電影類型多樣化發展，比如有新主流影片《戰狼2》、科幻鉅製《流浪地球》和動畫爆款《哪吒之魔童降世》。
光影70年，中國電影的明天將更加燦爛多姿。
