社交網站引發嫉妒心理讓人痛苦？大綱

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Witnessing friends' vacations, love lives and work successes on Facebook can cause envy and trigger feelings of misery and loneliness, according to German researchers.

A study conducted jointly by two German universities found rampant envy on Facebook, the world's largest social network that now has over one billion users and has produced an unprecedented platform for social comparison.

The researchers found that one in three people felt worse after visiting the site and more dissatisfied with their lives, while people who browsed without contributing were affected the most.

"We were surprised by how many people have a negative experience from Facebook with envy leaving them feeling lonely, frustrated or angry," researcher Hanna Krasnova from the Institute of Information Systems at Berlin's Humboldt University told the reporters.

"From our observations some of these people will then leave Facebook or at least reduce their use of the site," said Krasnova, adding to speculation that Facebook could be reaching saturation point in some markets.

Researchers from Humboldt University and from Darmstadt's Technical University found vacation photos were the biggest cause of resentment with more than half of envy incidents triggered by holiday snaps on Facebook.

Social interaction was the second most common cause of envy as users could compare how many birthday greetings they received to those of their Facebook friends and how many "likes" or comments were made on photos and postings.

"Passive following triggers invidious emotions, with users mainly envying happiness of others, the way others spend their vacations and socialize," the researchers said in the report "Envy on Facebook: A Hidden Threat to Users' Life Satisfaction?" released on Tuesday.

"The spread and ubiquitous presence of envy on Social Networking Sites is shown to undermine users' life satisfaction."

They found people aged in their mid-30s were most likely to envy family happiness while women were more likely to envy physical attractiveness.

These feelings of envy were found to prompt some users to boast more about their achievements on the site run by Facebook Inc. to portray themselves in a better light.

Men were shown to post more self-promotional content on Facebook to let people know about their accomplishments while women stressed their good looks and social lives.

The researchers based their findings on two studies involving 600 people with the results to be presented at a conference on information systems in Germany in February.

The first study looked at the scale, scope and nature of envy incidents triggered by Facebook and the second at how envy was linked to passive use of Facebook and life satisfaction.

The researchers said the respondents in both studies were German but they expected the findings to hold internationally as envy is a universal feeling and possibly impact Facebook usage.

"From a provider's perspective, our findings signal that users frequently perceive Facebook as a stressful environment, which may, in the long-run, endanger platform sustainability," the researchers concluded.德國最新調查顯示，Facebook上好友發佈的度假、愛情生活、工作成就等信息會引發嫉妒心理，並由此讓人感到痛苦和寂寞。

德國兩所大學合作開展的這項調查發現，Facebook引發嫉妒心理的情況十分普遍，併成爲前所未有的社會比較平臺。全球最大的社交網站Facebook用戶數量已經超過10億。

研究人員發現，三分之一的人們在瀏覽Facebook後感覺心情更糟，對生活更加不滿；而那些只是瀏覽卻沒有上傳任何信息的人受到的負面影響最深。

柏林洪堡大學信息系統研究所研究員漢娜告訴記者：“我們發現很多人瀏覽Facebook後會產生嫉妒心理，這讓他們感到孤獨、沮喪或者氣憤，人數之多讓我們感到很驚訝。”

漢娜說：“根據我們的觀察，有些受到負面影響的人會停止使用Facebook，或者至少減少使用時間。”漢娜還預測說，Facebook在某些市場可能會達到飽和。

來自德國柏林洪堡大學以及達姆施塔特工業大學的研究人員發現，假期照片是引起憤恨的最大誘因，超過半數的嫉妒心理來源於Facebook上的假期掠影。

社交互動是引起嫉妒心理的第二大常見原因，用戶會比較自己和好友收到生日祝福的數量，以及照片和帖子獲得多少“贊”或評論。

研究人員在週二發佈的名爲《Facebook引發嫉妒心理：用戶生活滿意度的潛在威脅》報告中指出：“被動瀏覽會讓人產生反感，用戶主要是在嫉妒別人的幸福生活、度假方式和社交活動。”

“研究表明，社交網絡引發的嫉妒心理的蔓延和無所不在會降低用戶的生活滿意度。”

30多的人大多會嫉妒他人的家庭幸福，而女性大多會嫉妒別人的外貌。

調查發現，這種嫉妒心理會讓某些用戶在Facebook上誇大自己的成就,以更好地表現自己。

調查顯示，男性大多會在Facebook網站上自我宣傳，從而讓人們知道自己的成就，而女性則注重表現自己的嬌好的樣貌和豐富的社交生活。

研究人員根據兩項調查得出了上述結論，共有600人蔘與調查。研究結果將在於今年二月在德國舉行的信息系統會議上公佈。