315消費者權益日：消費者權利和義務知多少
On 15 March, 1962, US President John F. Kennedy delivered an historic address to the US Congress in which he outlined his vision of Consumer rights. This was the first time any politician had formerly set out such principles.
1962年，美國總統約翰·肯尼迪在美國國會發表了一次歷史性的演說。在演說中，他提出了消費者權益綱要。這是有史以來第一位提出消費者權益的政治家。
Over time, the consumer movement has developed this vision into a set of eight basic consumer rights:
隨着時間的演進，消費者運動將肯尼迪的綱要發展成爲八項消費者權益：
The right to satisfaction of basic needs - To have access to basic, essential goods and services: adequate food, clothing, shelter, health care, education, public utilities, water and sanitation.
滿足基本需要的權利——獲得生活必需的產品和服務：充足的食物、衣服、住房、醫療、教育、公共事業（公共交通、電力等）、清潔的水和衛生設備。
The right to safety - To be protected against products, production processes and services that are hazardous to health or life.
獲得安全保障的權利——確保消費者購得的產品及其製造過程，以及服務對健康或生命不會構成危害。個人資料及隱私應備受尊重及保障。
The right to be informed - To be given the facts needed to make an informed choice, and to be protected against dishonest or misleading advertising and labelling.
取得正確數據的權利——有充足及可信賴的信息，從而讓消費者作出明智的選擇，免他們受不誠實或誤導廣告和標籤的欺騙。
The right to choose - To be able to select from a range of products and services, offered at competitive prices with an assurance of satisfactory quality.
自由選擇的權利——能夠有多類的產品和服務供選擇，而它們的價格水平具競爭力，質量亦有保證。
The right to be heard - To have consumer interests represented in the making and execution of government policy, and in the development of products and services.
發表意見的權利——政府、企業、專業團體和行業商會制定的政策，影響及消費者購買的產品和服務。在制定政策的過程中，須顧及消費者利益。
The right to redress - To receive a fair settlement of just claims, including compensation for misrepresentation, shoddy goods or unsatisfactory services.
獲得公正賠償的權利——就誤導、劣質產品或不滿意的服務，獲得公正的賠償。
The right to consumer education - To acquire knowledge and skills needed to make informed, confident choices about goods and services, while being aware of basic consumer rights and responsibilities and how to act on them.
接受消費者教育的權利——獲取充足的消費信息，在有議價能力的基礎上作出明智的購買決定，以及知道消費者應有的基本權責和付諸實行。
The right to a healthy environment -To live and work in an environment that is non-threatening to the well-being of present and future generations.
享有可持續發展及健康的環境的權利——在相對安全及可持續的環境下安居樂業。
In the 1980s, CI's (Consumers International) then president, Anwar Fazal, led the call to also introduce a set of consumer responsibilities to compliment consumer rights.
20世紀80年代，國際消費者聯盟時任主席安華·費沙呼籲在消費者權益的基礎上制定出消費者責任。These remain crucial principles for many consumer rights organisations today:
以下這些條款稱爲了很多消費者權益組織所推行的重要原則：
Critical awareness - consumers must be awakened to be more questioning about the provision of the quality of goods and services.
批判性意識——消費者必須對商品的質量和服務條款存有更多的質疑。
Involvement or action - consumers must assert themselves and act to ensure that they get a fair deal.
自我主張與行動——消費者必須以自我行動爭取公平交易的權利。
Social responsibility - consumers must act with social responsibility, with concern and sensitivity to the impact of their actions on other citizens, in particular, in relation to disadvantaged groups in the community and in relation to the economic and social realties prevailing.
社會責任——消費者必須具有社會責任心，考慮到自身行爲給其他公民造成的影響。特別要在經濟和社會層面考慮到社會中的弱勢羣體。
Ecological responsibility - there must be a heightened sensitivity to the impact of consumer decisions on the physical environment, which must be developed to a harmonious way, promoting conservation as the most critical factor in improving the real quality of life for the present and the future.
環境意識——必須意識到消費者行爲對環境的影響。環境必須更加和諧，保護環境是提高生活質量中最重要的一環。
Solidarity - the best and most effective action is through cooperative efforts through the formation of consumer/citizen groups who together can have the strength and influence to ensure that adequate attention is given to the consumer interest.
團結合作——消費者團體或市民團體的集體行動是最爲有效的。團結一心影響纔會更大，才能確保消費者利益得到充分關注。
