中國男女比例失調加劇

BEIJING — A bias in favor of male offspring has left China with 32 million more boys under the age of 20 than girls, creating "an imminent generation of excess men," a study released Friday said.
北京– 週五發表的研究報告指出，中國對男孩的傳統偏愛讓20歲以下的男孩比女孩多出了3200萬，創造了男性過多的下一代。

For the next 20 years, China will have increasingly more men than women of reproductive age, according to the paper, which was published online by the British Medical Journal. "Nothing can be done now to prevent this," the researchers said.
這份由《英國醫學雜誌》在網上發表的報告說，在未來的20年，中國適齡生育的男女之間的比例失調將會逐漸增加。“目前沒有任何辦法可以避免這種局面。”研究人員說。

Chinese government planners have long known that the urge of couples to have sons was skewing the gender balance of the population. But the study, by two Chinese university professors and a London researcher, provides some of the first hard data on the extent of the disparity and the factors contributing to it.
中國政府高層計劃人員很早就意識到夫婦重男輕女的傾向將會造成性別比例的失調。但這個由兩名中國教授和一名倫敦研究學者所做的調查研究提供了關於性別失調的程度及其造成原因的第一手硬資料。

In 2005 , they found, births of boys in China exceeded births of girls by more than 1.1 million. There were 120 boys born for every 100 girls.
他們發現2005年在中國出生的男嬰比女嬰多出了110萬以上。而出生的男女嬰孩的比例爲120：100。

This disparity seems to surpass that of any other country, they said--a finding, they wrote, that was perhaps unsurprising in light of China's one-child policy.
這種失調似乎超過了世界上的其它國家，他們在報告裏提到——考慮到中國的獨生子女生育政策，這樣的發現並不出人意料。

They attributed the imbalance almost entirely to couples' decisions to abort female fetuses.
他們把造成這種不平衡的絕大部分原因歸咎於中國夫婦有選擇性的墮胎來避免生下女孩。

The trend toward more male than female children intensified steadily after 1986, they said, as ultrasound tests and abortion became more available. "Sex-selective abortion accounts for almost all the excess males," the paper said.
他們指出，1986年後超聲波測試和墮胎服務更加普及後，男孩多於女孩的這種傾向逐漸的越來越嚴重。這份研究報道中提到，“性別選擇性的墮胎幾乎是所有超出比例的男孩出生的原因。”

The researchers, who analyzed data from a 2005 census, said the disparity was widest among children ages 1 to 4, a sign that the greatest imbalances among the adult population lie ahead. They also found more distortion in provinces that allow rural couples a second child if the first is a girl, or in cases of hardship.
這些研究人員分析了2005年人口普查數據後總結出，性別比例的失衡在1至4歲年齡段的兒童中最爲明顯，這表明成年人口性別比例最大的失衡還沒有到來。他們還發現在一些允許頭胎是女孩或生活貧困的農村夫婦生第二胎的省份中，這種不平衡尤其嚴重。

Those couples were determined to ensure they had at least one son, the researchers noted. Among children born second, there were 143 boys for 100 girls, the data showed.
這幾名研究學者提到，這些夫婦下定決心最少要生下一個男孩。數據顯示，二胎政策生下的兒童中，男孩和女孩的比例爲143：100。

The Chinese government is openly concerned "about the consequences of large numbers of excess men for social stability and security," the researchers said.
中國政府公開對“大量超比例出生的男孩對社會安定和安全所造成的影響”表示關心，研究人員說。

But "although some imaginative and extreme solutions have been suggested," they wrote, China will have too many men for a generation to come.
但“雖然針對這個問題有了一些富於想象力和極端的建議，”他們寫道，中國的下一代將會有過多的男性人口。

They said enforcing the ban against sex-selective abortions could normalize the sex ratio in the future.
他們還說反對性別選擇性墮胎的硬性政策可以使中國未來的性別比例正常化。

The study was conducted by Wei Xingzhu, a Zhejiang Normal University professor; Li Lu, a ZhejiangUniversity professor; and Therese Hesketh, a University College London lecturer.
上述研究是由浙江師範大學教授Wei Xingzhu，浙江大學教授Li Lu和倫敦大學講師Therese Hesketh共同完成的