馬英九對大陸識別區的反應遭抨擊

China's surprise assertion of a new air defense identification zone has alarmed Japan and South Korea and put the U.S. on alert. It could also end up inflicting some serious damage to its ties with Taiwan.

中國劃設新防空識別區的意外之舉驚動了日本和韓國，也讓美國提高了警惕。此舉最終還可能嚴重破壞中國大陸與臺灣的關係。

Taiwan President Ma Ying-jeou -- who has invested heavily in improving ties with China -- is now dodging the flak fired in his direction since Beijing unveiled its ADIZ, which overlaps with similar zones of Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. Already struggling with approval ratings of around 11%, Mr. Ma hardly needs this additional headache, particularly as his party eyes important elections later next year.

自從中國政府公佈了與日本、韓國和臺灣的類似區域存在重疊的防空識別區後，曾下大力氣改善兩岸關係的臺灣總統馬英九一直面臨對其立場的指責。這對於支持率已降至11%左右的馬英九無異於雪上加霜，特別是在他領導的政黨明年晚些時候將面臨重要選舉的情況下。

In its official statement announcing the establishment of the ADIZ last month, China's Ministry of National Defense said it would require flight plan, transponder, radio and logo identification for all aircraft operating in the ADIZ. The zone covers the disputed East China Sea islands that Japan administers and calls the Senkaku. Beijing calls them the Diaoyu, while Taiwan has its own claim and refers to the islands as Diaoyutai.

中國國防部上個月在發佈劃設防空識別區的正式聲明時稱，所有進入防空識別區的飛行器必須提供飛行計劃、無線電、應答機和標誌識別四種識別方式。中國的防空識別區涵蓋了中日兩國存在領土爭端的東中國海（中國稱東海）島嶼，日本將這些島嶼稱作尖閣列島，中國大陸稱作釣魚島。而臺灣將這些島嶼稱作釣魚臺，並且也宣稱對其擁有主權。

U.S. Vice President Joe Biden during a visit to the region last week said the move had created 'apprehension.'

美國副總統拜登(Joe Biden)上週出訪中、日、韓三國時稱，中國劃設新防空識別區的做法給亞洲地區帶來恐慌。

Though U.S. civilian airlines have been instructed to comply with the notification requirements, the U.S. sent two B-52 bombers into the zone shortly after it was announced by Beijing.

雖然美國要求國內民用航空公司遵守中國方面的識別要求，但仍在中國宣佈劃設新防空識別區後不久派遣了兩架B-52轟炸機進入該區域。

Japan and South Korea followed with some nose-thumbing of their own, sending military planes into the zone without warning Beijing. South Korea has said it will extend its own zone, while Japan has told its airlines to ignore Beijing's request for information before entering the zone.

日本和韓國緊接着也作出了挑 行爲，在沒有通知中方的情況下派遣軍機進入中國防空識別區。韓國已表示將擴大自己的防空識別區。同時日本已告知其國內航空公司，對中國關於進入防空識別區前要事先通報的要求可不予理睬。

Taiwan's President Ma has been a lot less assertive. 'This type of action does not help the development of relations between the two sides of the (Taiwan) Straits,' he said.

相比之下，臺灣總統馬英九對此的反對態度則遠沒那麼強硬。他說，這樣的舉動無助於臺海兩岸關係的發展。

His administration has prided itself on sealing a slew of economic deals with the mainland after eight rocky years of relations under predecessor Chen Shui-bian of the pro-independence Democratic Progressive Party. The Ma administration has instructed airlines to comply with Beijing's request for security reasons.

馬英九政府爲與大陸簽訂了一系列經濟協議感到自豪，此前在傾向臺獨的民進黨主席陳水扁擔任臺灣總統的八年時間裏，臺灣和中國大陸摩擦不斷。出於安全考慮，馬英九政府已經指示臺灣航空公司遵守中國大陸的要求。

Mr. Ma has also called on parties to 'refrain from actions that would elevate tensions in the East China Sea, and to quickly hold bilateral dialogue with Beijing on relevant issues, including the issue of the ADIZ.' He has pushed hard for what he calls an East China Sea Peace Initiative -- with all parties conducting dialogue on the territorial rows. So far his suggestion has been largely ignored.

此外，馬英九還呼籲各方保持克制，不要採取會加劇東海緊張局勢的行動，並儘快與北京方面就包括防空識別區問題在內的相關問題舉行雙邊對話。馬英九一直在努力推進他提出的《東海和平倡議》(East China Sea Peace Initiative)，建議各方就領土爭端展開對話。但到目前爲止他的這一提議基本沒有得到響應。

Under Mr. Ma, the ruling Kuomintang has tried to balance the economic reality of growing reliance on the China market with the island's distaste for Beijing's authoritarian system. His administration has managed to nail down a series of accords, including a broader economic pact and a service sector deal as well as agreements on tourism, air travel and food safety.

臺灣經濟愈發依賴中國大陸市場，同時臺灣又厭惡中國大陸的專制制度，馬英九領導的國民黨一直試圖在這兩者之間取得平衡。馬英九政府已成功與中國大陸簽訂了一系列協議，其中包括一項內容廣泛的經濟協定、一項服務貿易協議以及有關旅遊、航空旅行和食品安全的多項協議。

But clearly there is a political downside in the improved ties with Beijing, and the ADIZ has made that all too apparent. Beijing has incautiously forced Mr. Ma to choose between a holding a position that might undermine some of the progress he has already made and opening himself up to criticism that he is soft on the mainland. He chose the latter response.

但對臺灣而言，與北京改善關係在政治上有一個不利之處，中國大陸劃設防空識別區令這一點暴露得非常明顯。中國大陸政府不加考慮地迫使馬英九在他堅持自己的立場（這可能讓他在改善兩岸關係上取得的某些成果受損）與遭受對大陸態度軟弱的批評之間做出選擇。馬英九選擇了後者。

Opposition legislators were quick to pounce, challenging what they called a 'lame response.' The DPP offered up a poll that showed more than 69% of respondents were opposed to submitting flight information to China while almost 65% thought the president's reaction was too weak. And the smaller opposition Taiwan Solidarity Union party filed a suit accusing the president of abetting 'foreign aggression' and compromising national security.

反對派立委立即出擊，對馬英九“蹩腳的迴應”提出質疑。臺灣民進黨進行的一項調查顯示，超過69%的受訪者反對向中國大陸提交航班信息，有近65%的受訪者認爲馬英九的反應過於軟弱。較小的反對黨臺灣團結聯盟(Taiwan Solidarity Union)提起訴訟，指控馬英九煽動“外國侵略”，犧牲臺灣安全。

'China's new ADIZ is a slap in the face for the Ma government because it shows Mr. Ma's accommodative policy is failing,' said Chen Chao-chien, public affairs professor at Ming Chuan University. 'The sovereignty of Diaoyutai is one of the most important elements concerning Taiwan's statehood and territorial claims. Now, it seems like the dispute is only between China and Japan and Taiwan's opinion doesn't matter because the international community already assume Taiwan will yield to China.'

銘傳大學(Ming Chuan University)公共事務學系教授陳朝建說，中國大陸劃設新的防空識別區打了馬英九政府一記耳光，因這表明馬英九的遷就政策正在遭遇失敗。他說，釣魚臺主權是關於臺灣主權和領土主張的最重要問題之一，但現在似乎可能只屬於中國大陸與日本之爭，臺灣的意見無足輕重，因國際社會已經假定臺灣會向大陸屈服。

Mr. Ma got some less caustic advice on the pages of The Wall Street Journal. Former U.S. ambassador to the United Nations John Bolton suggested in an opinion piece that Taiwan could reduce its international isolation by distancing itself from China's 'assertive posture.'

《華爾街日報》刊載的文章給馬英九提供了一些不那麼尖刻的建議。前美國駐聯合國大使博爾頓(John Bolton)在一篇評論文章中建議，如果臺灣能與中國大陸的“武斷姿態”拉開距離，就有可能減少其在國際社會的被孤立的程度。

'Taiwan could say publicly that it does not recognize Beijing's defense-zone declaration, and that it wants to confer with Japan, South Korea and others to align their responses,' he wrote.

博爾頓寫道，臺灣可以公開表示不承認中國大陸的防空識別區，以及希望與日本、韓國和其他方面進行磋商，並做出與之一致的迴應。

Mr. Ma's party, the Kuomintang, may have time to undo some of the damage before the next election for mayors and other local officials late next year. But it may be wondering whether Beijing has more plans that could shoot down its electoral chances.

馬英九的國民黨可能還有時間，在明年初的臺灣市縣選舉前挽回一些不良影響。但國民黨可能還在揣摩，中國大陸政府是否還有更多影響其選舉勝率的政策出臺。