美參議院報告 CIA虐囚是歷史污點

The CIA repeatedly misled the White House, Congress and the US public over the torture of suspected al-Qaeda terrorists, according to a damning report by the Senate intelligence committee.

根據美國參議院(Senate)情報委員會公佈的一份報告，在對基地組織(al-Qaeda)恐怖分子嫌疑人實施酷刑的問題上，美國中央情報局(CIA)曾多次誤導白宮(White House)、美國國會(Congress)和美國公衆。

In a fiercely critical assessment of the CIA’s use of torture in the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks, the report concluded the agency’s interrogations were “far more brutal” than it had told policy makers or the public and were “not effective”.

該報告對9•11襲擊之後CIA的虐囚行爲作出了十分嚴厲的評價，結論是，CIA的審訊手段比該機構告知決策者或公衆的情況“殘忍得多”，而且這些審訊也“並不有效”。

Torture did not lead to any intelligence about an “imminent threat” of a terrorist attack – the sort of information that had been used to justify the interrogations, the report said.

報告稱，虐囚並沒有讓CIA獲得任何關於“迫在眉睫的（恐怖襲擊）威脅”的情報，而獲取這類情報正是CIA使用此類審訊方式的藉口。

The CIA’s use of torture was “a stain on our values and our history”, said Dianne Feinstein, the California Democrat who heads the intelligence committee and was the driving force behind the report.

加州民主黨議員黛安娜•范斯坦(Dianne Feinstein)表示，CIA的刑訊逼供是“我們價值觀和歷史的一個污點”。范斯坦是參議院情報委員會主席，也是這份報告的幕後推動人。

Despite criticism from Bush-era officials for her decision to make public so many details about the torture programme, Ms Feinstein said the release of the report “says to our people, and to the world, that America is big enough to admit when it is wrong and confident enough to learn from its mistakes”.

多位小布什時代的官員曾批評范斯坦的決定，認爲她不該讓公衆瞭解太多虐囚細節。然而范斯坦卻表示，報告的公佈“告訴我們的人民和全世界：美國是個足夠大的國家，願意承認自己的錯誤；美國也是個足夠自信的國家，能夠從錯誤中吸取教訓”。

President Barack Obama said on Tuesday that CIA torture had done “significant damage to America’s standing in the world and made it harder to pursue our interests with allies and partners”.

週二，美國總統巴拉克•奧巴馬(Barack Obama)表示，CIA的刑訊逼供“嚴重損害了美國的全球聲望，令美國更難與盟國和合作夥伴一道，追求美國的利益”。

Ms Feinstein released a 525 page executive summary of the committee’s report, which took five years to prepare and is more than 6,000-pages long. The committee’s staff looked through millions of CIA documents detailing its interrogation techniques.

范斯坦就這份篇幅逾6000頁、籌備歷時5年的報告發布了一份525頁的概要。在準備報告的過程中，情報委員會的員工曾審閱過成百萬的CIA文件，這些文件詳細記載了CIA的審訊手段。

The report has been the subject of an intense political dispute, with the CIA disagreeing strongly with many of its conclusions and some Republicans saying it would provide a propaganda triumph for terrorists. The Obama administration increased security at embassies and bases around the world before the report’s release.

該報告一直處於激烈的政治爭論之中。CIA強烈反對報告的許多結論，部分共和黨人(Republican)則表示它會令恐怖分子贏得宣傳戰。在報告公佈之前，奧巴馬政府加強了美國全球使領館和軍事基地的安保工作。

The most scathing criticism of the report came from six former directors of the CIA, including George Tenet, who ran the agency during and after 9/11. In an article in the Wall Street Journal, they called the report a “one-sided study marred by errors of fact and interpretation”.

對報告最嚴厲的批評來自6名CIA的前局長，包括曾經在9•11期間和之後掌管CIA的喬治•特尼特(George Tenet)。在寫給《華爾街日報》(WSJ)的文章中，他們稱該報告是“被事實性錯誤和解釋性錯誤毀了的單方面研究報告”。

The former directors concluded: “The al-Qaeda leadership has not managed another attack on the homeland in the 13 years since, despite a strong desire to do so. The CIA’s aggressive counterterrorism policies and programs are responsible for that success.”

這些前CIA局長聲稱：“在9•11之後的13年裏，雖然基地組織的領導層一直很想向美國本土再次發動襲擊，卻始終沒有成功。這一成就要歸功於CIA激進的反恐政策和計劃。”