法國官方報告遺漏雷諾車排放檢測重要細節

A French government report omitted significant details of how Renault’s diesel cars were able to emit fewer deadly gasses when subject to official emissions testing, members of the state inquiry told the Financial Times.

法國政府調查委員會的成員對英國《金融時報》表示，法國政府的一份報告遺漏了雷諾(Renault)柴油車在接受官方排放檢測時怎麼會排放較少有毒尾氣的重要細節。

The inquiry’s report, published last month, found some models emitted nitrogen oxides — a cause of respiratory diseases linked to early death — at levels nine to 11 times higher than EU limits.

該調查委員會上月公佈的調查報告發現，雷諾部分車型排放的氮氧化物——可能引發與過早死亡相關的呼吸系統疾病——是歐盟限定標準的9到11倍。

But three of the commission’s 17 members said the published report did not include the full details of their findings, including the fact that a NOx “trap” in the Renault Captur went into overdrive when the sport utility vehicle was prepared for emissions testing but not during normal driving conditions.

但是，由17人組成的該委員會的3名成員表示，這份公佈的報告並不包含他們調查結果的全部細節，其中遺漏的一項事實包括，當雷諾Captur準備接受排放檢測（而非在正常行駛狀態）時，這款SUV上的一個氮氧化物捕集器會超速運轉。

It was discrepancies between on-road and in-laboratory NOx emissions that first tipped off US authorities that Volkswagen diesels had been installed with illegal “defeat devices” that cheated tests, triggering billions in fines and a criminal investigation.

正是因爲道路上與實驗室中檢測出的氮氧化物排放之間的差異，讓美國有關部門最先發現大衆(Volkswagen)柴油車安裝了欺騙尾氣檢測的非法的“減效裝置”，導致後者被罰數十億美元並接受刑事調查。

The French commission members said they had no evidence that Renault was using similar devices, arguing only that further investigations were needed to find out why the cars performed differently during testing. But the omissions have led members to fear the government may be too lenient because of its 20 per cent stake in the carmaker.

上述法國調查委員會成員表示，他們沒有證據證明雷諾使用了類似的裝置，只表示還需進一步調查，以查明爲什麼這些車在檢測時會有不同的表現。但遺漏這些細節讓這些成員擔心，法國政府可能因其在雷諾擁有20%的股份而對這家汽車製造商過於寬容。

“The report was ultimately written by the state and they decided what would remain confidential,” said Charlotte Lepitre, an executive of France Nature Environnement, the umbrella group of French environmental groups, who sat on the commission.

調查委員會成員之一、法國自然環境協會(France Nature Environnement)管理人員夏洛特•勒皮特(Charlotte Lepitre)說：“該報告最終由政府撰寫，他們決定哪些內容將繼續保密。”該協會是由法國各環保團體組成的傘形組織。

Renault denied using software to cheat emissions testing, saying its models “conform to the laws and norms in each market where they are sold”. Renault recalled 15,000 vehicles in January and has agreed to implement more robust de-polluting technologies as part of a wider “action plan”.

雷諾否認使用軟件欺騙排放檢測，稱其車型“符合任何在售市場的法律和規範”。今年1月，雷諾召回了1.5萬輛汽車，並同意安裝更加靠譜的減排技術——作爲一項更廣泛“行動計劃”的一部分。

A French environment ministry official denied any intention to hide facts, saying the government incorporated the commission’s feedback when it consolidated comments from its various members. France’s independent fraud authority is also continuing an investigation into the carmaker’s practices.

法國環境部一名官員否認有意隱瞞事實，稱法國政府在綜合不同成員的意見後採納了該委員會的反饋意見。法國獨立的欺詐調查機構還在繼續調查雷諾的行爲。

But a government official acknowledged the state’s special relationship with Renault, saying: “The government is sensitive to the brand image of the companies it has invested in.”

但一位承認政府與雷諾存在特殊關係的政府官員表示：“法國政府對於其投資的企業的品牌形象非常敏感。”

Captur’s NOx trap purged five times in rapid succession at the end of scripted test preparations, allowing it to produce much lower emissions than on the road, said commission members, several of whom asked for anonymity. This suggested the car’s software could have detected a test was being performed, they said. “Everything in a car is controlled by software now,” said one member. “We can’t be sure that Renault’s software detected the test [like VW’s] per se, but it seems that Renault has optimised the NOx filter to target this very specific set of conditions.”

該委員會成員（其中幾名要求匿名）表示，在按腳本進行的檢測準備結束時，雷諾Captur的氮氧化物捕集器快速連續淨化了5次，使其產生排放比在路上行駛時低得多。這似乎表明，該車的軟件可以發現正在進行檢測，他們說。“如今，一輛汽車上的所有設備都由軟件控制，”一名成員說，“我們無法確定雷諾的軟件（像大衆的那樣）可以發現檢測，但似乎雷諾優化了氮氧化物過濾器來針對這組非常特定的條件。”