少女手機直播跳軌自殺 社交媒體再引爭議

In a series of videos on the live-streaming app Periscope, she said that her name was Océane, that she was 19 and that she worked in a retirement home. Seated on a couch, she smoked cigarettes, played with her cat, and showed off her tattoos: a rose on her left forearm, a small heart on her right thumb. She engaged with Periscope followers, who asked about her life and her hobbies.

在流媒體直播應用Periscope的一系列視頻中，她說自己的名字叫奧塞安(Océane)，19歲，在養老院工作。她坐在沙發上，抽着煙，和自己的貓玩耍，還展示了身上的刺青：左前臂上是一朵玫瑰，右手拇指上是一枚小小的心形圖案。Periscope上的粉絲詢問她的生活狀況和愛好，她與他們互動。

At 4:29 p.m. on Tuesday, while recording herself on Periscope, the woman threw herself under a train at the égly station, about 25 miles south of Paris, on the C line of the regional train system known as the R.E.R.

本週二下午4時29分，在巴黎以南約25英里的埃格利車站，這名女子一邊在Periscope上直播，一邊跳到了區域列車系統(RER)C線的一列火車下面。

On Wednesday, French officials said they had opened an investigation into her death.

法國官員週三表示，他們已經開始着手調查這起死亡事件。

éric Lallement, the local prosecutor, said the young woman, whom he did not identify, had sent a text message to a friend of her former boyfriend, saying the ex-boyfriend had abused and raped her. In the text message, “she declares she is ending her life because of the evil that he did to her,” Mr. Lallement said in a statement.

當地檢察官埃裏克·拉勒門特(éric Lallement)沒有提到這位年輕女子的名字，但是說她發了一條短信給前男友的一位朋友，稱前男友曾虐待和強姦她。在短信中，“她宣稱，由於他對她做出的邪惡行爲，她要結束自己的生命，”拉勒門特在一份聲明中說。

He added that investigators were examining the woman’s mobile phone and were working to obtain the original videos from Periscope. The investigators, he said, had talked to the woman’s relatives, and they had described her as being psychologically fragile and as having had a troubled relationship with the ex-boyfriend.

他還說，調查人員正在檢查這名女子的手機，並正在努力獲得Periscope的視頻原件。他說，調查人員已經跟女子的親戚聯繫過，他們說她心理脆弱，與前男友的關係不合。

The videos are no longer available on Periscope, which is owned by Twitter, but excerpts from the videos were widely circulated on YouTube, with the suicide blacked out.

在Twitter旗下的Periscope上，現在已經無法看到這些視頻，但是其中一些片段在YouTube上廣爲流傳，自殺部分是黑屏。

In the video excerpts, the woman said, “The video I am doing right now is not made to create buzz, but rather to make people react, to open minds, and that’s it.”

在視頻片段中，這名女子說，“我正在拍攝的視頻不是爲了製造轟動效應，而是要讓人們有所思，有所行，就是這樣。”

When one Periscope user asked her if she was going to commit suicide, she answered, “No, I am not going to kill myself,” but added, “I have reached the point where nothing pleases me,” and, “Nothing can make me want to get up in the morning.”

當一名Periscope用戶問她是不是打算自殺，她回答，“不是，我不打算殺死自己，”不過她接着說，“我已經到了什麼都不能讓我高興起來的地步，”而且，“沒什麼事能讓我在早上想從牀上爬起來。”

People watching the video chimed in with remarks — including “We’re waiting,” “Always a pleasure to see you,” “Give us a hint” and “I think it’s fun” — that suggested that they did not appreciate the gravity of her distress.

正在觀看視頻的人插入了一些評論——其中包括“我們等着看呢”，“看到你總會開心”，“給我們個提示”，以及“我覺得這事挺有趣”——顯示出他們當時並沒有意識到她的痛苦嚴重到何種程度。

At one point in the excerpts, the screen goes dark, and there is no noise. About five minutes later, the voice of someone, evidently an emergency worker, can be heard saying, “I am under the train with the victim; I need to move the victim.” The train is visible in the seconds before the video cuts out.

在這些視頻片段中，屏幕一度變黑，也沒有任何雜音。五分鐘後，明顯像是一名急救人員的人的聲音響起，“我在火車下面，與死者在一起；我需要挪動死者。”畫面中出現了火車，幾秒種後視頻被切斷。

The death appeared to be the latest of several recent episodes in which disturbing and violent acts have been transmitted via live-streaming technologies. Last month, two teenagers assaulted a drunken 24-year-old man in a nightclub district of Bordeaux, France. One of the two assailants recorded the attack on Periscope, and filmed himself bragging and laughing about it. Both teenagers were arrested.

在最近出現的令人不安的暴力行爲通過直播技術傳播的事件中，這是最新的一起。上個月，曾有兩名青少年在法國波爾多的一個夜店聚集區襲擊一名醉酒的24歲男子。其中一名襲擊者在Periscope上直播了襲擊過程，還拍下自己就此吹噓和大笑的樣子。之後兩名青少年都被逮捕。

Also last month, the authorities in Ohio said an 18-year-old woman had witnessed a 17-year-old high school friend being raped and had not only failed to help, but had pointed her mobile phone at the friend and streamed a video of the assault on Periscope. The teenager, Marina Lonina, was charged with kidnapping, rape, sexual battery and pandering sexually oriented matter involving a minor — the same charges leveled at Raymond Gates, 29, the man accused in the attack.

也是在上個月，俄亥俄州當局表示，一名18歲的女孩眼見她17歲的高中生朋友遭遇強姦，不僅沒有上前救助，還把自己的手機攝像頭對準朋友，在Periscope直播性侵過程。這位名爲馬里納·洛尼納(Marina Lonina)的少女被控犯下綁架、強姦、性暴力以及傳播涉及未成年人的與性相關材料的

“I have never seen a case such as this where you would actually live-stream a sexual assault,” Ron O’Brien, the prosecutor in Franklin County, Ohio, told journalists.

“我從沒碰見過這樣的案件，竟然會有人真的對性侵過程進行直播，”俄亥俄州富蘭克林縣的檢察官羅恩·奧布萊恩(Ron O’Brien)在接受記者採訪時講道。

Thomas Husson, a Paris-based analyst at the technology research company Forrester Research, said it was inevitable that live-streaming tools would be used to record tragic and even brutal events.

技術研究公司弗雷斯特研究(Forrester Research)駐巴黎分析師湯瑪斯·赫森(Thomas Husson)表示，直播工具不可避免會被用來記錄悲慘、甚至是殘忍的事件。

“It’s both the good and bad part of these technologies: They allow people to enter other people’s private lives,” he said in a phone interview.

“這些技術既有好的一面，也有不好的一面：它們可以讓人們進入其他人的私生活，”他在接受電話採訪時表示。

“It would be very difficult to prevent such events from happening,” he said of the suicide. “We now live in a dictatorship of real time.”

“要防止此類事件發生是非常困難的，”他在談到這起自殺事件時表示。“如今我們生活在一個被實時技術俘獲的時代。”

Mr. Husson added: “These technologies enable real-time streaming, which can have a lot of unintended consequences. Internet giants are starting to monitor how people use their technologies in real time, but it’s tricky. It’s almost impossible to control how people use social media.”

赫森還表示：“這些技術讓實時播放成爲可能，這會帶來很多意想不到的後果。互聯網巨頭開始實時監控人們如何使用他們的技術，但這並不容易。要控制人們如何使用社交媒體幾乎是不可能的。”

Regulators have been trying to get a hold on new social media tools, like Periscope and Snapchat, mostly out of concern about their use by extremist organizations like the Islamic State.

監管機構一直在試圖對Periscope和Snapchat等新的社交媒體工具進行控制，他們主要是擔心這些工具被伊斯蘭國(Islamic State)等極端組織利用。

“These companies will inevitably have to comply with new rules,” Mr. Husson said. “But that’s a political question. At the end of the day, it’s about potential new regulation over how people can use these technologies.”

“將來這些公司不可避免地要遵守一些新的規定，”赫森說道。“但那屬於政治層面的問題。說到底，它與有可能出現的針對人們如何使用技術的新規有關。”

Twitter encourages people to submit a form if they believe that a user is at risk of self-harm. Periscope’s community guidelines state: “To maintain a healthy platform, explicit graphic content is not allowed. Explicit graphic content includes, but is not limited to, depictions of child abuse, animal abuse or bodily harm. Periscope is not for content that is intended to incite violence, or includes a direct and specific threat of violence to others.”

Twitter鼓勵人們在覺得一位用戶有可能做出自殘行爲之時，提交一個表格，予以提示。Periscope的社區準則規定：“爲保持平臺的健康，禁止發佈露骨的圖像內容。露骨的圖像內容包括但不限於描述虐待兒童、虐待動物或肉體傷害等內容。Periscope反對公佈意在煽動暴力，或包含對他人的直接明確的暴力威脅的內容。”