如何聽懂大學英語六級聽力題目
大學英語六級聽力考試的一項重要的改革就是在原來的基礎上增加了長對話題目的測試。長對話題目的設置符合四、六級改革的目標方向，旨在考查考生在實際的日常環境中運用語言的能力。長對話共設兩篇，每篇後設有3 — 4 個題目，共7 題，對話的長度約爲7 — 10 個循環，每篇對話的長度爲200 — 300 詞。長對話的錄音材料用標準的英式或美式英語朗讀，語速約爲每分鐘150詞，難度與短文聽力相似。每個題目提問完畢之後到下一個題目開始之前，有13秒的時間間隔供考生迅速作出正確答案的選擇。
1、如何聽懂?(Roger that !so much for it !)
① 注意英音、美音：
a、元音的問題：class 英音/a/;美音/ae/
b、輔音的問題：輔音濁化——開音節：元+輔+元，清→濁matter 英音/t/;美音/d/
eg：What’s the matter with you?
c、兒化音的問題：first 英音/fɜrst/;美音/fɜːst/
② 注意連讀：
a、輔音結尾+元音開頭：as it is
b、輔音結尾+輔音開頭：(第二個輔音發音)big girl
③ 注意語音、語調：
eg：M：Mary ,you know what ?Only one person in the class got an A on the test, you.
W：Alright !(=great !)
eg：W：To even say I love you !
M：You! I love you so much! (=I hate you !)
2、該聽什麼?
① 小詞：do /come /make /take /pick /catch /beat 等常用動詞
eg：It’s so hot !I can’t stand(忍受) it .(“小詞”——stand ;take ;“大詞”——tolerate ;endure )
eg：Beat it !(=快躲;快閃)Beat around the bush (=pointless 拐彎抹角;空泛其談)Beat the crowd (=避開人羣)
eg：W：Come on ，let’s take a brake .
M：Good idea，I’m beat .(=精疲力竭的)
=I’m really exhausted.
=I’m just running out of my steam.
Beat：大於、多於、超過、勝出……
※ 儘量多的掌握單詞和短語的含義!
② 短語：turn down(=關小，降低，拒絕)
eg：Cecia ,turn down the music ,will you ?(=關小，降低)
Bob, turn down the job.(=refuse 拒絕)
Pick up (=撿起，接人，購買，領/取/拿，學會)
3、怎麼去聽?
① 聽場景：(圖書館自習、考試、做作業、抄作業、購物、鍛鍊……)
△ campus life 校園場景是聽力對話的最大場景!
② 聽規律：
a、買票一定被售空 b、足球賽一定很精彩 c、男生不愛古典音樂 d、出去野炊一定下雨
e、等人一定等不到 f、借錢借車總不給借
eg：W：I need one hundred dollars badly . But you know, I don’t know where to get it.
M：If I had money in spare ,you know ,I’ll be happy to lend it to you .
§老師跟學生：老師對學生要求很嚴(考試難、作業多難、遲到受批評)
§男生和女生：Ⅰ.女生各方面表現都很優秀(考試成績好、身體很好、週末兼職、對社會事宜狂熱……)
Ⅱ.男生各項都不如女生(成績不好、身體不好、受傷、生病、宿舍很髒……)
㈡、小對話的十種題型
1、數字價格運算題：
① 十幾和幾十的發音： eg：fourteen /forty
② 注意大數字： eg：six hundred and eighty seven million ,four hundred and nine thousand ,two hundred and thirty four = 687,409,234
③ 打折問題： eg：discount 打折;on sale 促銷;20 percent off 打八折;clearance 清倉;rebate讓利、返券
2、時間加減運算題：
① 星期的說法： Monday /Tuesday /Wednesday /Thursday /Friday /Saturday /Sunday /week
② 超前/準時/推遲： in advance /ahead of time 提前;be on time / on schedule 準時;be late /postpone /delay /put off 推遲
3、對話場景題：
☆ 詳見下一節
4、人物身份題：
eg：What is the speaker’s occupation ?(teacher /student ……)
5、人物關係題：
eg：What is the relationship between the two speakers ?(teacher and student /customer and waiter /waitress ……)
6、人物意圖題：
eg：M：How about dinner out tonight ?How about our Chinatown?
W：Ok !But, they don’t have good seafood.
※ But 後面往往爲正確答案!
7、中心思想題：
eg：M：It’s funny ,it seems that you Americans are married to(嫁給)your cars .
W：Yep ,apparently most America families have two or three or more cars ,and air condition is becoming more and more serious ,and our nation is becoming a big highway .
Q：What are they talking about ?
Key：Americans and their dependence on cars . △ 迅速縱看選項
※ 如果所有選項都爲名詞或名詞性的表達時，那麼此題很可能是中心思想題!(此時重點聽第一個人說的話)
8、體育鍛煉減肥題：
eg：keep fit 保持健康;lose weight 減肥;gain/put on weight 反彈;heavy 肥胖;overweight 超重;be on diet 節食;Cycling 竟技單車;Tour de France 環法;jogging 慢跑;hiking 郊遊遠足;trekking 冒險遠足;camping 露營;camper 露營者/野營車;surfing 衝浪;ex-games 極限運動;roller skating 滾軸溜冰;skateboarding 滑板運動;skiing 滑雪運動;bungee jumping 蹦極跳;bowling 打保齡球;Golf 高爾夫
9、細節混淆題：
△ 仔細記憶
10、意義解釋題：(俗語;慣用語;口頭語)
eg：W：Which one do you think is more difficult to learn ,chess or bridge ?
M：They are just like apples and orange .
㈢、聽力場景與規律
※ campus life 校園場景是聽力對話的最大場景!
(愚蠢的)
1、老師和學生場景：
eg：freshman 大一學生;sophomore 大二學生;junior 大三學生/兒子;senior 大四學生;
(智慧的)
(A little bit wise, a little bit stupid.)
undergraduate student 本科生;postgraduate student 研究生;Ph .D student 博士生;professor 教授;tutor /mentor 導師;private tutor 家庭教師;dean 系主任;headmaster /principal 中小學校長;president 大學校長;staff /faculty 教職工;alumni / alumnus校友/校友們;
2、選課和交作業場景：
eg：schedule card 選課卡;I’m going to take this course .(選課);I want to register for this course .(註冊課程);sign up for the course 選課;It’s too much for me to handle it .於我來說太難了;I’m going to drop this course .(退課);requirement 必修課;selective 選修課;elective 選修課;optional course 選修課;credit 學分;introductory course 基礎課;advanced course 高級課;do the homework 做作業;project 家庭作業;assignment 家庭作業;essay (小)論文;thesis 畢業論文;dessertation 博士論文;term paper 學期報告;reading list 閱讀材料/書單;
eg :W：How do you like Professor Bockman’s course on the History of Philosophy (哲學歷史學) ? He is a distinguished scholar (卓越的學者;權威人士)on that subject.
M：He is a great teacher ,but I’m having a hard time with the reading list .I think I can never finish it .
3、考試場景：
eg：At the end of semester, you should take an exam(參加考試) 小型考試;mid-term exam 期中考試;finals 期末考試;
eg：(2003,1)W：Oh God !I’m afraid I’ll fail again in the national test ’s the third time I took it.
M：Don’t be too upset .I have the same fate ’s try a fourth time .
4、學費和獎學金場景：
eg：tuition 學費;fee 學雜費;scholarship 獎學金;fellowship 獎學金;loan 貸款;financial aid 財政資助;
5、打零工場景：
eg：Teaching Assistant 助教;Reseaching Assistant 助研;dish washer 刷盤工;waiter/waitress 服務員;
6、餐館場景：
eg：restaurant 餐館;cafeteria 校園食堂;snack food 快餐;snack bar 快餐店;Pizza Hut 必勝客;steak 牛排;dessert 甜點;fried egg 煎蛋;sunny side up 單面煎蛋;sunny side down 雙面煎蛋;Kongpao Chicken 宮保雞丁;soft drink 飲料;tip 小費;keep the change 結賬; go Dutch AA制;sperate the cheques AA制;split the bill AA制;Let me treat you /It’s my treat 請客;Don’t worry ,it’s on me .請客;I will pay /foot the bill .請客;
eg：M：Come on ,let’s split the bill .
W：Sperate the cheques .
7、圖書館場景：
eg：stack 書庫;shelf 書架;check out 借書;librarian 圖書管理員;library card 圖書卡;circulation desk 流通臺;put on reserve 館內收藏;reference book 參考書;magazine /journal periodical 雜誌;I’m going to subscribe the engineering quarterly . (季刊);
eg：This book has been put on reserve by h out his permission ,we can not let it out .
eg：M：I’m sorry I lost your magazine .
W：It’s ok ,it’s just a back number .(過期雜誌)
current issue 現刊;latest issue 最新期刊;overdue 圖書超期;misplaced 放錯位置;
㈣、複合式聽寫compound dictation (複合式聽寫)
1、介紹：7 + 3題型：
7個短空格 + 3個長空格 = 單詞 + 短語
2、聽寫四步驟：看、猜、聽、記
① 看： scan (瀏覽、略讀)，注意topic sentence (第一句話)
② 猜： “三前三後”原則
a、聽前聽後 b、看前看後 c、空前空後
③ 聽：
④ 記： “速記”原則
a、長難單詞簡縮法：eg：difficult = dif environment = env
b、符號助記法：eg：question = ? about = ≈ about one kilogram = ≈ 1 kg
c、奇偶填空法：eg：首先記第1、3、5、7、9，然後記2、4、6、8、10
eg：(1999,6)President Clinton later today joins (1) president Ford ,Garter and Bush at “the president’s summit for America’s future ” (2) at recruiting one million volunteer tutors to provide after-school ,weekend and summer reading help for up to three million children ton will ask Congress this coming week for nearly three (3) dollars to fund a five-year program called “America Reads ”.
The program would fund the (4) efforts of 20 thousand reading (5) and it would also give (6) to help parents help children read by the third grade ,or about age eight ng his Saturday radio (7) ,the president explained why the program is important : “We need ‘America Reads ’and we need it now ies show that if the fourth-graders fail to read well .
(8) But 40 percent of them still can’t read at a basic level .”
Volunteer tutors, who provide community service in exchange for college funding, are being used in literacy and tutoring program.
(9)The president says many of the Philadelphia summit’s corporate sponsors will recruit tutors. (10)
猜：(1)以前 = ex-president ;ex-girlfriend ;former ;
(2)動詞 = V-ed
(3)量詞 = 個、十、百、千、萬、億……
(4)名詞 =
(5)人/人名 =
(6)名詞 = (△ 名詞單複數)eg：experience 經驗;experiences 經歷
(7)演講、演說 = speech ;lecture ;presentation ;address
原文：President Clinton later today joins former president Ford ,Garter and Bush at “the president’s summit for America’s future ” aimed at recruiting one million volunteer tutors to provide after-school ,weekend and summer reading help for up to three million children ton will ask Congress this coming week for nearly three billion dollars to fund a five-year program called “America Reads ”.
The program would fund the coordination (合作，協作) efforts of 20 thousand reading specialists (專家) and it would also give grants (基金) to help parents help children read by the third grade, or about age eight ng his Saturday radio address , the president explained why the program is important: “We need ‘America Reads ’and we need it now ies show that if the fourth-graders fail to read well.
They’re likely to (= may) drop out of school and less likely to (= may not) succeed in life. But 40 percent of them still can’t read at a basic level.”
Volunteer tutors, who provide community service in exchange for college funding, are being used in literacy and tutoring program.
The program, initiated (= start /set up) by President Clinton, has come under criticism by Congress.
The president says many of the Philadelphia summit’s corporate sponsors will recruit tutors.
Dozens of colleges and universities are prepared to send thousands of their students in support of (= to support) the program (= it).
3、十大注意事項：
① 介詞的問題：△ 連讀!eg：in /on /of /at ……
② 代詞it 的問題：
③ 冠詞the、a、an 等：
☆ ④—⑩詳見下一節
㈤、八類小短文
1、 題型介紹：
① 小故事題：奇聞軼事、幽默故事等
② 名人段落題：
a、常考名人範圍：政治家、科學家、運動員、企業家、作家……
b、名人題考點：名人簡介、歷史大事與相關年代、歷史地位評價
eg：Eleanor Roosevelt /Jane Adams /Benjamin Franklin /Wilt Chamberlin /Pele /Ernest Hemingway ……
③ 學校教育介紹題：美國中小學、私立學校、教會學校、美國某些大學進行的教育體制方法……
a、學校題考點：學校特徵、師資生源等相關數字(△ 數字的相關信息表達)、學校獨特之處及其原因
④ 特殊機構及西方文化介紹題：銀行、餐廳、法庭、監獄、紅十字會(Red Cross Organization )、好萊塢電影、音樂劇、芭蕾舞……
a、西方文化機構題考點：機構簡介、機構的獨特之處、其工作方式及其帶來的便利
⑤ 日常生活題：汽車、電腦、服裝、餐飲、書籍、寵物、輟學、上網、犯罪、街頭文化、graffiti (塗鴉藝術)、健身運動、女權主義……
a、日常生活題考點：開篇簡介、被說明物的獨特之處、事物的發展趨勢
⑥ 災難危機題：環境危機、資源短缺、人口爆炸、交通堵塞、犯罪現象、社會現象(吸毒、離婚、自殺)……
a、災難題考點：現象特點及其產生原因、災難的危害程度、人類採取的對策
⑦ 調查研究題：
a、調查研究題考點：開篇介紹、研究過程及其原因、分析結果及其推論
⑧ 新聞段落題：
a、新聞題考點：高等語速(四級語速：90-140詞/分鐘;六級語速：150-190詞/分鐘)、特殊機構名稱表達(Red Cross Organization 、Green Peace Organization 、NATO北約、Secretary Of General 聯合國祕書長、BBC：British Broadcasting Company 、VOA：Voice Of America 、ABC：American Broadcasting Company 、CBS：Columbia Broadcasting System 、CNN：Cable News Network )
※ 應該注意聽的內容：科技、地理、人文、歷史、環保!
§ 複習計劃：
Ⅰ、多做真題，少做模擬題
Ⅱ、考試一個半月內：精聽爲主，泛聽爲輔;考試一個半月前：泛聽爲主，精聽爲輔
Ⅲ、考前一週時不要留太多真題(少於兩套)
Ⅳ、考前一週調理好生物鐘(按表做題)
