高中英語倒裝句的語法知識點總結
在英語語法中，如果把位於動詞放在在於前面，就叫倒裝句。關於英語倒裝句的語法知識點你還了解多少?下面由本站小編爲大家提供關於高中英語倒裝句的語法知識點總結，希望對大家有幫助!
1.倒裝句的定義：英語最基本的詞序是主語在謂語動詞的前面。
如果把謂語動詞放在主語前面，就叫做倒裝。
3. 倒裝的原因
a) 句子語法結構的需要。例如：
Did you attend the meeting? 你參加會議了嗎?
Long live peace! 和平萬歲!
b) 一些句型的固定用法。例如：
Such were his last words. 他最後的話就是這樣。
c)強調的需要。倒裝以後，句子更加流暢生動。例如：
Never before have we seen such a sight. 以前我們從來沒有見過這樣的情景。
Before us lay a lot of difficulties. 在我們前面有很多困難。
Often did we warn them not to do so. 我們曾多次警告他們不要這樣做。
4. 倒裝句的基本用法
a) 構成疑問句(除對主語或主語之定語提問的特殊疑問句外)：
When are we going to drink to your happiness? 我們什麼時候喝你們的喜酒?
Have you seen the film? 你看了那部電影嗎?
b) 在以here, there, now, then, in, away, up down等副詞開頭的句子中:
Away went the crowd one by one. 人們一個一個地離去。
Here comes our teacher! 我們的老師來了!
c) 副詞only+狀語放在句首時:
Only then did he realize his mistakes . 只有在那時他才認識到自己的錯誤。
Only in this way can you learn maths well . 只有用這種方法你才能學好數學。
d) 含有否定意義的副詞或連詞(如little, hardly, never, rarely, no sooner…than等)放在句首時:
Little did I think that he could be back alive. 我沒有想到他竟能活着回來。
Not until New Year’s Day shall I give you a gift. 我要到元旦那天才能給你禮物。
Hardly had the train arrived at the station when we ran towards the sleeping car looking for our guests.
火車剛一進站，我們就跑到臥車那兒去找我們的客人。
e) 副詞so或 neither(nor)在句首:
He is interested in pop-songs, and so am I.他對流行歌曲感興趣，我也如此。
He hasn’t been to the countryside, neither does he want to go there.他沒有去過農村，他也不想去那裏。
f) 在方式狀語thus開頭的句子中及程度狀語so放句首:
Thus ended his life. 這樣結束了他的生命。
So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him . 他講話的聲音那樣大，連隔壁屋子裏的人都聽得見。
2. so作“也”講時，引導的句子用倒裝語序，例如：
He went to the film last night. So did I. 他昨天晚上去看電影了，我也去了。
如不作“也”講而只起連詞作用，表示一種結果的意思，句子就要用正常語序。例如：
His mother told him to go to the film. So he did. 他母親叫他去看電影，他就去了。
“He is a tall thin man.” “So he is.” “他又高又瘦。” “確實如此。”
3. 某些讓步狀語從句往往把表語提到主語前面或放在句首，以構成倒裝結構。例如：
No matter how interesting the book is，he doesn't like to read it.不管這本書多有趣，他都不想看。
However hard a solid may be，we can change its shape. 不管一個固體有多硬，我們都可以改變其形狀。
Young as he is, he knows a lot. 雖然他年輕，卻知道很多東西。
4. 在虛擬語氣中，如果非真實條件句省略if，須將主句中的were, had和should等助動詞和主語顛倒形成部分倒裝。例如：
Were he younger (= If he were younger), he would learn skating. 假如他年輕一些，他就會去學溜冰。
Should they forget (= If they should forget) to bring a map with them, they would get lost in the woods
如果他們忘記帶一張地圖的話，他們就會在深林裏迷路。
Had they realized (= If they had realized) how important the task was, they wouldn’t have refused to
accept it. 假如他們認識到這個任務是多麼重要的話，他們就不致於拒絕接受這項任務。
倒裝句知識點二、構成倒裝句的構成分爲全部倒轉和部分倒裝
a、全部倒裝
全部倒裝是隻將句子中的謂語動詞全部置於主語之前。此結構通常只用與一般現在時和一般過去時。常見的結構有
1)here,there,now,then,thus等副詞置於句首,謂語動詞常用be,come,go,lie,run。
Theregoesthebell.
2)表示運動方向的副詞或地點狀語置於句首，謂語表示運動的動詞。
Outrushedamissilefromunderthebomber.
注意上述全部倒裝的句型結構的主語必須是名詞，如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。
Herehecomes.
b、部分倒裝
部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動詞或情態倒裝至主語之前。如果句中的謂語沒有助動詞或情態動詞，則需添加助動詞do,does或did，並將其置於主語之前。
1)句首爲否定或半否定的詞語，如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,notuntil…等。
NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.
Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.
當Notuntil引出主從複合句，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。
注意如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。
Ihaveneverseensuchaperformance.
典型例題
1)WhycantIsmokehere?
Atnotime___inthemeeting-room
ingispermitted
smokingpermit
答案A.這是一個倒裝問題。當否定詞語置於句首以表示強調時，其句中的主謂須用倒裝結構。這些否定詞包括no,little,hardly,seldom,never,notonly,notuntil等。本題的正常語序是Smokingispermittedinthemeeting-roomatnotime.
2)Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury___whatheatis.
anknow
答案D.看到Notuntil…的句型，我們知道爲一倒裝句，答案在C，D中選一個。
改寫爲正常語序爲，Mandidnotknowwhatheatisuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19th.現在將not提前，後面就不能再用否定了,否則意思就變了。
以否定詞開頭作部分倒裝
如Notonly…butalso,Hardly/Scarcely…when,Nosooner…than
Not only did here fuse thegi ft,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.
Hardly had she gone out when a student came tovisither.
倒裝句知識點三、試題1. My brother had a cold last week, _________.
A. so had I B. so did I
C. I had so D. so I had
2. Not until _________ home __________ his parents had been ill for three days.
A. he got; he knew B. did he get; he knew
C. he got; did he know D. did he get; did he know
3. In hardly any situation ________ find her sad.
A. that you can B. that can you
C. you can D. can you
4. Be quick! _________.
A. The bus comes here B. Here comes the bus
C. The bus here comes D. Here is the bus coming
5. In ________ and the lesson began.
A. the teacher came B. the teacher coming
C. came the teacher D. did the teacher come
6. On the wall _________ two large portraits.
A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging
