2023英語專業八級考試翻譯預測
距離2023年英語專八考試越來越近啦，大家準備的如何？爲了幫助各位考生更好地備考專八考試，@本站英語四六級 微信公衆號在考前爲大家整理了專八翻譯預測。一起來看看吧！
一、
獨處的確是一種檢驗，用它可以測出一個人靈魂的深度，測出一個人對自己真正的感受，他是否討厭自己。對於每一個人來說，不討厭自己是一個起碼要求。（翻譯）【一個連自己也不愛的人，我敢斷定他對於別人也是不會有多少價值的，他不可能有高質量的社會交往。他跑到別人那裏去，對於別人只是一種打擾，一種侵犯。一切交往的質量都取決於交往者本身的質量。唯有在兩個靈魂充實豐富的人之間，纔可能有真正動人的愛情和友誼。】我敢擔保歷史上和現實生活中找不到一個例子，能夠駁倒我的這個論斷，證明某一個淺薄之輩竟也會有此種美好的經歷。（注：只需翻譯括號部分）
【參考譯文】
A man who does not love himself, I can tell, will be of little significance to others, and in no way will he develop high-quality social interactions. His going to others only means an intrusion and an assault. The quality of all relationships depends on the quality of the persons involved. Only between two people who have fulfilling souls can truly touching love and friendship have much chance to exist.
【難點註釋】
1. 畫線部分第一句比較長，句子主語是“一個連自己也不愛的人”，謂語是兩個並列成分“不會有多少價值”和“不可能有高質量的社會交往”，“我敢斷定”譯爲插入語。主語可以翻譯爲定語從句“A man who does not love himself”；“我敢斷定”可以翻譯爲I can tell、I bet、I do not doubt或I am sure；“不會有多少價值”翻譯爲worthless、be worth little、not worth much或have little value；“高質量的”可以翻譯爲high-quality，作前置定語修飾“社會交往”，也可以把“高質量的”翻譯爲後置定語修飾“社會交往”，即social interactions of high quality。
2. 畫線部分第二句是一個簡單句，主語是“他跑到別人那裏去”這一行爲，因此可以翻譯爲動名詞作主語，即his going to others。本句的翻譯難點是“打擾”和“侵犯”，“打擾”可以翻譯爲intrusion或interruption，“侵犯”可以翻譯爲assault或invasion。
3. 畫線部分第三句也是一個簡單句。“交往”此處指“人際關係”，可譯爲relationships；“取決於”有多種譯法，如depend on、lie in、hinge on和be up to。
4. 畫線部分最後一句，根據句式結構“唯有……才……”可知，本句宜翻譯爲倒裝句，將“only+介詞短語”置於句首，主句採用部分倒裝。“兩個靈魂充實豐富的人”可以翻譯爲定語從句two people who have fulfilling souls或“名詞+介詞短語”結構two people with fulfilling souls；“纔可能有……”中的“有”可以翻譯爲there be結構，也可以翻譯爲exist，整體翻譯爲“can…have chance to exist”或“can there be…”；“真正動人的愛情和友誼”翻譯爲truly touching love and friendship。
二、
人生是什麼?人生的真相如何?人生的意義何在?人生的目的是何?這些人生最重大最中心的問題，不只是古來一切大宗教家哲學家所殫精竭慮以求解答的。世界上第一流的大詩人凝神冥想，深入靈魂的幽邃，或縱身大化中，於一朵花中窺見天國，一滴露水參悟生命，然後用他們生花之筆，幻現層層世界，幕幕人生，歸根也不外乎啓示這生命的真相與意義。
【參考譯文】
What is life? What are the true nature, meaning and purpose of life? Since ancient times, scholars of religion and great philosophers have strained their energy and intellect to the limit for an answer to these crucial and central questions in life. But they are not alone. The best poets in the world have done the same by contemplating and pondering over the questions, delving into the depth of their souls. They envision Paradise through a flower and the meaning of life in a dewdrop. They, with their gifted words, picture a kaleidoscopic world and acts of the life drama. In the final analysis, their words serve no other purpose than revealing the truth and meaning of life.
【難點分析】
1. 本文開頭連用四個連續的排比疑問句，其中後三句分別問人生的真相，意義和目的，翻譯時可將這三個方面合譯，這樣譯文更簡潔流暢。
2. “殫精竭慮”意爲“用心精力，費勁心思”，可譯作“strain energy and intellect to the limit。
3. “深入靈魂的幽邃”指“深入靈魂深處”。
4. “窺見”和“參悟”都有“想象”的意思。
5. “生花之筆”實質使人筆下的文字。
6. “幻現層層”指“不斷變化的”。
三、
一百多年來，漢語經歷了重大的變革，沒有哪一種語言像它這樣成爲人們在追逐現代化過程中不斷修葺的對象。而自19世紀以來至今，翻譯一直都是或者說越來越成爲人們修葺漢語的一種重要途徑。其中，通過由外語到漢語的翻譯產生的“翻譯腔”表達方式對漢語的衝擊尤其顯著。翻譯腔是”表達不流暢、不地道的翻譯文體，”在很多方面已影響到了漢語的發展態勢。
【參考譯文】
In the recent one hundred years, Chinese has gone through a great change and so far no other language has been innovated in people’s pursuit of modernization. Since the end of the 19th century, translation has always been or played an increasingly important role in innovating Chinese. Some special means of expressions, so called “translationese”, produced during the process of translating foreign language into Chinese, have remarkable impact on standard Chinese language. Tanslationese refers to an unnatural and unidiomatic language style in translation and has affected the development of Chinese language in many aspects.
【難點分析】
1. 第一句話敘述了漢語經歷了發展變革，建議採用完成時態表達，如譯爲：Chinese has gone through a great change....。文章中多次提到“漢語”，可用Chinese 或 Chinese language 表達，避免重複。
2. “修葺”在這裏是指“改革和創新”。
3. 第三句“翻譯腔”的問題，該問題是在翻譯過程中產生的，可對“翻譯腔”做一定的解釋，如處理爲“some special means of expressions”， 譯文表達更清晰。翻譯整句話時，可將“翻譯腔”提前做主語，“通過由外語到漢語的翻譯產生的”處理爲後置定語。“衝擊”可用 have an impact on 表達。
四、
回信，固然可畏，不回信，也絕非什麼樂事。書架上經常疊着百多封未回之信，“債齡”或長或短，長的甚至在一年以上，那樣的壓力，也絕非一個普通的罪徒所能負擔的。一疊未回的信，就像一羣不散的陰魂，在我罪深孽重的心底憧憧作祟。理論上說來，這些信當然是要回的。我可以坦然向天發誓，在我清醒的時刻，我絕未存心不回人信。
【參考譯文】
Replying to letters is horrible, whereas not replying is by no means a matter of bliss. Normally a hundred or so letters are stacked on my bookshelf, with diverse maturity of debt, the longest being over a year. That kind of pressure is more than an ordinary sinner can bear. A stack of unanswered letters batters on me like a group of haunting ghosts and plays havoc with my smitten conscience. In principle, the letters are there for replaying to. I can swear in all honestly that I have never consciously determined not to answer letters.
【難點分析】
1. 第一句“回信，固然可畏，不回信，也絕非什麼樂事”，此句要正確理解“可畏”的意思，不是“敬畏”，而是“害怕”的意思。此外，“回信”與“不回信”兩件事之間存在轉折關係，故翻譯時可用whereas 將兩句連接起來。
2. “債齡”可翻譯成“maturity of debt”。
3. “憧憧作祟”是指對“我”心靈的“打擾”和“擾亂”，可以翻譯成“pester”或“play havoc with”。
4. “理論上來說”在文中不表示一些科學理論，因此不宜翻譯成“theoretically”或“in theory”，此處可以翻譯成“原則上”或“慣例上”，故可翻譯in principle.
5. “在我清醒的時刻”可以翻譯成時間狀語，但會使得句子比較累贅，可直接翻譯成“ consciously”。
五、
唐代文豪白居易在西湖築起白堤（Bai Causeway)，西湖自從開啓長約千年的景觀營造過程。北宋蘇軾的疏浚工程規模也很大，不僅修築了蘇堤，還留下了許多美妙詩篇，這也是日後西湖作爲文人士大夫精神家園的源頭。年復一年，代復一代，西湖經他們的妙筆點畫後，真正成爲與自然雙重景觀並存的文化名湖。有人把西湖解析成一個“正方體”，它有6個清晰的平面，其中就包括自然景觀和文化史蹟。
【參考譯文】
The long process of constructing the landscape of West Lake, which lasts more or less one thousand years, begins with Bai Juyi, a literary giant in the Tang Dynasty who built Bai Causeway in the lake. Later in the Northern Song Dynasty, the dredging project by the famous poet Su shi also had a great scale. The poet not only built Su Causeway, but also left many wonderful poems for the West Lake, which turned out to be the very explanation why West Lake later became the spiritual homeland for scholars and scholar-bureaucrats. Years after years, generation after generation, after the stippling by all those wonderful pens, West Lake now has truly become a famous lake with the coexistence of cultural and natural landscapes. West Lake is illustrated as a “cube” with six clear facets, among which are natural landscape and cultural historical relics.
【難點分析】
1. 第一句以“白居易築白堤”作起始引發事件，比較符合中國人的時間順序的思維習慣，但在翻譯時則應注意找到本段落所討論的中心——西湖的建造，把它放在首句更符合英文文章開門見山的表達習慣。爲達到以上的目的，可使定語從句，強調西湖建造之長，（如 which lasts... one thousand years）以及西湖白堤始建者白居易的重要身份（如 a literary giant... who built Bai Causeway in the lake)。“文豪”這個詞也可以譯作great writer, eminent writer 等。
2. 第二句的時間轉移到北宋，句子較長，其實在概念上主語有兩個，一個是蘇軾的工程，另一個是蘇軾本人，建議採用分譯的方法，將該句譯成兩個獨立的句子，以解釋說明兩個主語的性質和特點。在解釋說明蘇軾的工程時，可將譯文重心放在“疏浚工程”，將dredging project 作爲主語，其特點是“規模大”，可譯作“had a large scale”。
3. 第二句對蘇軾本人的說明中，“不僅建築了蘇堤，還留下了許多美妙詩篇”動作的主語是人，而非“工程”，所以分譯時應補上主語the poet。另外後半句“日後西湖作爲文人士大夫精神家園的源頭”所指的是蘇軾縮寫的詩篇，而此處的“源頭”較接近於“原因，理由”，可使用explanation進行翻譯。“精神家園”可直譯爲spiritual homeland，文人士大夫可翻譯成“scholars and scholar- bureaucrats”。
4. 在翻譯“妙筆點畫”時，可以原文的動詞屬性轉變爲名詞屬性，如“stippling of wonderful pen”。作定語的“文化與自然雙重景觀並存的”可用with 介詞短語作爲修飾語後置。
5. “解析”一詞實爲“解釋說明”，可用“illustrate”進行翻譯。6個面中包含有兩個方面，可以用非限制性定語從句譯出。
六、
經濟學家的獨立人格並不是反政府，反體制，對什麼都一批到底，以“語不驚人死不休”來浪得虛名。獨立人格應該是“不唯書，不惟上、只惟實”。經濟學家不應該爲利益所誘惑，爲風氣所左右，應該以自己的專業眼光去觀察、判斷、思考、發言。不是以權勢爲導向，而是以自己的思想爲依據。經濟學所講的意見可能對，也可能錯，但無論對錯都應該是自己真實的思想，不能看風使舵，見人說人話，見鬼說鬼話。
【參考譯文】
Economists’ independent personality does not mean anti-government or anti-institution. Nor does it mean that they should hold a critical eye for everything or attempt to win fame by striking and sensational talking. Independent personality shall be defined as “no confinement to books, no scare of authority but pursuit of truth”. Economists should not be tempted and controlled by profits or surrounding atmosphere, rather they should observe, judge, think and speak from the perspective of their specialties. They should base everything on their own thinking and not to be authority-oriented. They can be right or wrong, but their opinions should be their own thinking. They should not say things differently to cater for different people.
【難點分析】
1. “一批到底”是指“對什麼事情都持批判的態度”，可翻譯成hold a critical eye for everything。
2. “語不驚人死不休”可和“浪得虛名”合譯，其中“死不休”爲誇張手法，可省去不翻譯，故翻譯爲“win fame by striking and sensational talking”。
3. “不唯書，不惟上、只惟實”的意思是“不要受限於書本內容，不要對上級權威畏懼，只追求事實和真理”，可翻譯成“no confinement to books, no scare of authority but pursuit of truth.
4. “左右”是指“受控制”，可翻譯成“control”。
5. “以權勢爲導向”可譯爲“authority-oriented”。
6. “看風使舵”、“見人說人話，見鬼說鬼話”可以解爲“爲迎合不用的人說不同的話”，合譯成“say things differently to cater for different people”。
七、
上海是一方水土，上海又豈止是一方水土？上海是一個超級大城市，出租車從浦東機場開到虹橋機場，或者從嘉定F1賽場開到東海大橋橋角下的南匯蘆潮港，車費就要兩三百元，在外地至少橫跨兩個城市，口音都會相差很多，全國就沒有一個城市會像上海一個城市之內口音變化這般大，這是上海的一方土。但是真正構成上海人文結構此起彼伏，千姿萬態的，是上海的水。
【參考譯文】
Shanghai is a region, but it is far more than that. Shanghai is a mega city where you have to pay fare of two or three hundred Yuan if you take a city from Pudong airport to Hongqiao airport, or from Jiading F1 stadium to Nanhui Luchao port at the foot of Gonghai Bridge. You would have traveled across two cities of you were in other places and accents here are of great difference. In China, there actually will be no city like Shanghai in which accents vary so widely. This is about Shanghai’s soil. But it is Shanghai’s water that composes Shanghai’s rising and subsiding humanistic structure with various types and forms.
【難點分析】
1. 第一句中的“水土”可以理解爲 a region，“上海又豈止是一方水土？”是一個設問句，表達的意思是“上海不僅僅是一方水土”，可用far more than ... 的句式表示。
2. “超級大城市”可以翻譯爲“super big city”，“megalopolis”, 或者“mega city”。
3. “出租車從……開到……，或者從……開到……，車費就要二三百”，可接上句“上海是一個大城市”處理爲一個地點狀語從句，以整合中文的零散句子。這句話是假設人們打車會產生很高的費用，可加you 爲人稱主語，增譯處理爲“ if you take a taxi from... to...”，以使得譯文更加流暢。
4. “全國沒有一個城市會像……口音變化這般大”中，此處的“變化”指“差別很大”，可譯爲“vary wifely”。
5. “上海的水”可採用“it is that...”強調句式進行翻譯。該句中出現了中文中較爲常見的四字成語，翻譯時要注意拆分整合，可將“此起彼伏”作爲“上海人文結構”的定語，“千姿百態”可以用“ with various types and forms”的介詞短語做修飾語後置，避免譯文定語過長，句子冗長。
八、
我愛海，並不僅僅因爲她的顏色美麗，和藏在海底那許多有趣的玩意兒，而是愛她的胸襟廣闊，化污穢爲清潔。她容納無數的細流，儘管她們的顏色有黑的也有黃的，一旦流到了海的懷抱，立刻變成碧綠的了， 綠是代表和平，一種靜美。一個人，哪怕他的脾氣有如虎狼般那麼兇暴，我相信如果長住在海濱，一定會變得和羔羊一樣馴良。同時，那些心懷狹隘的人，如果常與海做朋友，我相信他也會改變成豪爽、痛快的性格。
【參考譯文】
I love the sea not only because she has beautiful hues and many interesting objects hidden deep, but also because she is broad and liberal enough to turn the dirty into pure. The numerous small rivers that she accommodates(容納） may be black and yellow in color, but once they flow into her bosom, they instantly take on the green color, a color representing peace and tranquility. A person with a terrifying hot temper will become, I believe, as meek as lamb after a long stay by the seashore. Likewise, a narrow-minded person will become straightforward and openhearted if he often keeps company with the sea.
【難點分析】
1. 需要翻譯地第一句中“玩意兒”在表達上較爲口語化，此處實指“事物”，不宜按字面意思譯作“plaything”，應該作 “objects”。
2. “胸襟廣闊，化污穢爲清潔”，若分別翻譯成兩個動詞詞組，結構顯得較爲生硬，結合上下文可知，正是因爲大海地“胸襟廣闊”才使得其“化污穢爲清潔”，故譯作“broad and liberal enough to turn the dirty into the pure”。
3. 第二句“容納”此處含有“接受和適應”的意思，故不譯作accept， 而應該譯作“accommodate”。“儘管她們的顏色”中的“她們”代指前文的“細流”，故可以合譯爲一句，將前文“她容納的”整合成定語從句。
4. “脾氣有如虎狼般那麼兇暴“形容一個人的脾氣差，譯作“a terrifying hot temper”即可，由於中英文在文化意向上的差異，“如虎狼般”可以不必譯出。“和羔羊一樣馴良”在英文中同樣有類似的俗語。直接翻譯成“as meek as a lamb”即可（Meek 是形容詞，指溫順的）。
5. “痛快的”是指“直率的”、“坦誠的”，和“心胸狹隘”相反，應應爲“心胸開闊的”，即openhearted。
十、
一個合理編列的課程表，猶如一個營養均衡的食譜，裏面各個項目都是有益而必需的，不可偏廢，不可再有選擇，所謂選修科目也只是在某一項範圍內略有揀選餘地而已。一個受過良好教育的人，猶如一個科班出身的戲劇演員，在學習的時候要服從嚴格的紀律，唱工做工都要認真學習，各種角色的戲都要完全諳通，學成之後才能各按其趣味而單獨發展其所長。學問要有根底，根底要打得平整堅實，以後永遠受用。
【參考譯文】
A curriculum schedule arranged reasonably is as good as a nutrition-balanced recipe in which every item is beneficial, indispensable and best chosen and cannot be neglected. The so-called elective subjects are only some limited options within a certain range. A well educated person is much like an opera performer by professional training who has to observe strict disciplines in studying the art of singing, acting and acrobatic skills earnestly and learn to play all kinds of roles well. Only after this all-round training can be develop the things he is specially good at and interested in. Studying needs foundation which, if solid and evenly, will benefit you all life long.
【難點分析】
1. “合理編列”是指“合理安排”，譯成arranged reasonably。
2. “不可再有選擇”從正面譯成no more option 很難與前文銜接，形成合適的句式，則可從反面譯成“最佳選擇” best chosen，與前文beneficial 和 indispensable 形成並列結構。
3. “科班出身”可理解爲“受過正規培養和訓練的”， 故“科班出身的戲劇演員”應譯成 an opera performer by professional training.
4. “唱工做工”此處是針對戲劇演員的“唱”、“演”、“跳”等舞臺技巧，可譯爲 art of singing, acting and acrobatic skills.
5. “永遠受用”，即“終生受用”，譯爲benefit all life long 即可。
十一、
我的導師是亞裔人，嗜煙好酒，脾氣暴躁。但他十分欣賞亞裔學生勤奮與紮實的基礎知識，也特別瞭解亞裔學生的心理。因此，在他實驗室所招的學生中，除有一名來自德國外，其餘5位均是亞裔學生。他乾脆在實驗室的門上貼一醒目招牌：“本室助研必須每週工作7天，早10時至晚12時，工作時間必須全力以赴。”這位導師的嚴格及苛刻是全校又名的，在我所呆的3年半中，共有14位學生被招進他的實驗室，最後博士畢業的只剩下5人。
【參考譯文】
My tutor, who is of Asian origin, is addicted to cigarettes and alcohol and is hot-tempered. Despite this, he is highly appreciative of the diligence and the solid foundational knowledge of Asian students, and is particularly good at reading their minds. As a result, five out of the six students in his lab were of Asian origin, while only the sixth one was from Germany. On the door of the laboratory, he even put up a notice in bold writing, which read:” all research assistants in this lab are required to work between 10 am and 12 pm, 7 days a week, with all their heart and soul.” this tutor has got a reputation in the university for his strictness and rigor. During my three and half years’ stay there, only 5 out of the 14 students recruited into his lab were able to graduate with their doctoral degrees.
【難點分析】
1. 第一句要注意用定語從句把漢語從句把漢語原文鬆散的短句和詞組組織爲譯文的定語成分，以符合英語結構緊密的句法特徵。可以使用……， who is ..., is....
2. 亞裔可以翻譯成“be of Asian origin” 或“Asian”
3. 第二句要注意連接詞”但”和“也”的譯法，可分別譯爲 despite.../ but.../ nevertheless 等和and / also/... too等。
4. “瞭解……的心理“可以表達爲read sb’s minds。
5. “因此”可以翻譯爲as a result/ hence/ therefore.
6. “除……，其餘是……“不宜翻譯成besides.. 等表示包含在內的詞組，用except for 等表示”不包含在內”的詞組比較合適，也可採用參考譯文處的處理方法。
7. 第四句中，使用被動語態... be required to.. 可加強語氣，表示“必須”。考慮到英語正好與漢語相反，有“從小到大，先部分後整體”的表達習慣，可將譯文中的時間順序處理爲...work between 10am and 12pm, 7 days a week。
8. “醒目的招牌”宜意譯，靈活處理爲eye-catching（搶眼的）或in bold writing（用黑體字寫的）。
9. “某人以某物出名“的適用句型有sb is famous/ reputed for sth.
10. “學生被招進實驗室”可處理爲英語的名詞詞組 students recruited into his lab.
11. 14位學生……只剩下5個人可以表達成 only 5 out of the 14 students...。
十二、
世界上第一代博物館屬於自然博物館，它是通過化石、標本等向人們介紹地球和各種生物的演化歷史。第二代屬於工業技術博物館，它所展示的是工業文明帶來的各種階段性結果。這兩代博物館雖然起到了傳播科學知識的作用，但是，它們把參觀者當成了被動的旁觀者。
世界上第三代博物館是充滿全新理念的博物館。在這裏，觀衆可以自己去動手操作，自己細心體察。這樣，他們可以更貼近先進的科學技術，去探索科學技術的奧妙。
【參考譯文】
The first generation of museums are what might be called natural museums which, by means of fossils, specimens and other objects, introduced to people the evolutionary history of the Earth and various kinds of organisms. The second generation are those of industrial technologies which presented the fruits achieved by industrial civilization at different stages of industrialization. Despite the fact that those two generations of museums helped to disseminate/propagate/spread scientific knowledge, they nevertheless treated visitors merely as passive viewers.
The third generation of museums in the world are those replete with / full of wholly novel concepts. In those museums, visitors are allowed to operate the exhibits with their own hands, to observe and to experience carefully. By getting closer to the advanced science and technologies in this way, people can probe into their secret mysteries.
十三、
比“文明”這個詞還用得更不確切、更加無拘無束的詞簡直寥寥無幾。文明是什麼意思?它意指一個建立在平民百姓輿論基礎上的社會。它意味着暴力、武士和暴君的統治、戰爭衝突、暴動暴政爲立法議會所取代，被法律得以長期維護的獨立法庭所代替。這就是文明，在文明的土壤裏，自由、舒適和文化不斷髮展壯大。如果文明在任何一個國家裏佔了支配地位，那麼便可給人民羣衆提供一種更加寬鬆的較爲平靜的生活，過去的傳統則受人珍重，英明偉人或勇士們留給我們的遺產則成爲咱們大家共同享用的豐富的財產。
【參考譯文】
There are few words which are used more loosely than the word ‘civilization’. What does it mean? It means a society based upon the opinion of civilians. It means that violence, the rule of warriors and despotic chiefs, the conditions of camps and warfare, of riot and tyranny, give place to parliaments where laws are made, and independent courts of justice in which over long periods those laws are maintained. That is Civilization ---and in its soil grow continually freedom, comfort and culture. When Civilization reigns in any country, a wider and less harassed life is afforded to the masses of the people, the traditions of the past are cherished, and the inheritance bequeathed to us by former wise or valiant men becomes a rich estate to be enjoyed and used by all.
十四、
只有在我過度勞累的時候，在我長時間不間斷地工作的時候，在我感到內心空虛，需要充實的時候，我纔會感到寂寞。有時，外出演講回來，見了許多人,講了許多話，心中滿是紛亂的體驗需要整理，偶爾也會覺得孤獨。
於是有那麼一會兒，我會感到整個房子非常大，空蕩蕩的。不知此時的自我又藏匿於何處。這時，我會給花草澆澆水，挨個瞅瞅，彷彿它們是活生生的人一樣，或是喂喂兩隻小貓，親手做頓飯菜，這樣自我就慢慢地重新找回。
【參考譯文】
I am lonely only when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty and need filling up. And I am lonely sometimes when I come back home after a lecture trip, when I have seen a lot of people and talked a lot, and am full to the brim with experience that needs to be sorted out.
Then for a little while the house feels huge and empty, and I wonder where my self is hiding. It has to be recaptured slowly by watering the plants, perhaps, and looking again at each one as though it were a person, by feeding the two cats, by cooking a meal. So that the self slowly recovered.
十五、
照相是一種既兼併客觀世界，又表達獨特自我的技術。照片描繪業已存在的客觀現實，不過只有造相機才能揭示這種客觀現實。照片反映個別攝影者的氣質，這種氣質是通過照相機剪裁現實而顯示出來的。那就是說，攝影術有兩個相互對立的觀念：第一，攝影術是反映世界的，攝影者只不過是無足輕重的觀察者; 第二，攝影術是無畏探索的主觀性的手段，攝影者決定一切。
【參考譯文】
Picture-taking is a technique both for annexing the objective world and for expressing the singular self. Photographs depict objective realities that already exist, though only the camera can disclose them. And they depict an individual photographer’s temperament, discovering itself through the camera’s cropping of reality. That is, photography has two antithetical ideals: in the first, photography is about the world and the photographer is a mere observer who counts for little; but in the second, photography is the instrument of intrepid, questing subjectivity and the photographer is all.
十六、
在這充滿聯姻婚嫁、決戰廝殺的世界裏，每天特定時刻，我們都欣然而又迅速地把一份食物一去不返地吞入包裹我們的皮囊。這個世界看上去似乎有很多東西都是可以得到的。猛然看來，儘可能地獲取也成爲紛繁人生的唯一目標。然而，對於精神世界來說，這只不過是表面現象。
【參考譯文】
It seems as if a great deal were attainable in a world where there are so many marriages and decisive battles, and where we all, at certain hours of the day, and with great gusto and despatch, stow a portion of victuals finally and irretrievably into the bag which contains us. And it would seem also, on a hasty view, that the attainment of as much as possible was the one goal of man s contentious life. And yet, as regards the spirit, this is but a semblance.
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