六級備考全攻略——寫作篇
一、 題型透析
《大學英語六級考試大綱》規定，作文部分共一題，考試時間爲30分鐘，考生應按要求完成一篇150到200詞的短文，所佔分值爲15%。要求內容切題、能正確地表達思想、語義連貫、文章基本通順、無重大語法錯誤。寫作形式多樣，如圖畫作文、根據所給文章（英語或漢語）寫摘要或大意、根據所給題目、關鍵詞、主題句或提綱等進行寫作。
二、4大作文類型及高分模板
近幾年的六級作文真題從題材上來看，主要可以分爲校園生活類、學習類和社會熱點話題類；從體裁上來看，大致可以分爲議論文和應用文，而議論文寫作又可以分爲現象闡釋型、對比選擇型、觀點論證型和問題解決型。其中，應用文寫作近幾年基本沒有考查，在此不再贅述。以下是四大類型的議論文常用的寫作模式和高分模板。
1. 現象闡釋型
這類作文多爲提綱式作文或圖表式作文，要求考生對某一社會現象進行描述，分析該現象產生的原因，並加以評論。
寫作模式：第一段描述現象；第二段解釋這種現象產生或存在的原因；第三段提出解決問題的建議或總結觀點。
高分模板：
①In recent years, ______ has/have been prevailing among. ②A number of factors can account for such phenomenon, but the following might be the critical ones. ③First and foremost, ______. ④Moreover, ______. ⑤Undoubtedly, ______. ⑥Firstly, ______. ⑦Secondly, ______. ⑧In my view, ______. ⑨To begin with, ______. ⑩What’s more, ______. ⑪Only ______. | ① 開門見山，闡明某一普遍現象。 ② 引出造成這種現象的關鍵原因。 ③④ 逐條闡釋原因，條理清晰，層次分明。 ⑤ 承上啓下，引出這種現象造成的後果。 ⑥⑦ 通過結構銜接詞具體闡釋兩種後果。 ⑧ 表述自己的觀點。 ⑨⑩ 逐項闡明自己的觀點。 ⑪使用倒裝結構進行總結或提出建議。 |
2. 對比選擇型
這類作文多爲提綱式作文，爲議論文體裁。首先要論述相反的兩個觀點，或分析評論某一社會現象的優缺點，然後給出自己的見解和看法。
寫作模式：第一段論述一些人對某一事物或現象的看法；第二段論述另一些人對此事物或現象的不同看法；第三段表明自己的觀點並給出理由。
高分模板：
①It is widely accepted that ______. ②What’s more, ______. ③However, ______. ④On the one hand, some people hold the view that ______. ⑤On the other hand, a great many people insist that _______. ⑥From my perspective, however, ______. ⑦Therefore, ______. | ① 緊扣題目論點，引出相關話題。 ② 論述一些人對某一事物或現象的看法。 ③ 用However轉折，引出不同的觀點。 ④⑤ 具體闡述兩種觀點，論述條理清晰，內容充實。 ⑥ 表述自己的觀點。 ⑦ 得出結論。 |
3. 觀點論證型
這類作文多爲提綱式的議論文或看圖作文，通常是圍繞某一事物或觀點進行論證，有時以某個熱點話題或某種現象爲討論對象，要求考生提出自己的看法或觀點，並提供論據加以論證，也可在文章最後給出建議或期望。
寫作模式：第一段引出話題，表明觀點；第二段給出論據，論證觀點；第三段提出建議或總結觀點。
高分模板：
①It is not an uncommon social phenomenon that ______. ②For example, ______. ③As to this issue, opinions vary from person to person. ④Some people hold that ______. ⑤But others maintain that _______. ⑥ As far as I am concerned, ______. ⑦On the one hand, ______. ⑧On the other hand, ______. ⑨In a word, ______. | ① 開門見山，描述現象。 ② 舉例說明。 ③ 引出人們對該現象的觀點。 ④⑤ 列舉人們對該現象的不同觀點。 ⑥ 引出自己對該現象的看法。 ⑦⑧ 具體說明自己對該現象的看法。 ⑨ 對全文進行總結。 |
如果是看圖作文，可以參考以下模板：
①As is portrayed in the picture, ______. ②Actually, recent years have witnessed an increasing trend of ______. ③This ______ has inevitably brought about some ______ effects. ④Anyway, ______. ⑤However, ______. ⑥Therefore, people should become fully aware of both sides of ______. | ① 開門見山，描述圖畫。 ② 從對圖片的描述引出要談論的話題。 ③ 分析這一現象造成的某一方面的影響。 ④ 對本段進行小結。 ⑤ 使用過渡詞轉換話題，開始描述這一現象對其他方面的影響。 ⑥ 對全文進行總結或提出建議。 |
4. 問題解決型
這類作文一般爲提綱式作文，且多爲說明文。通常先提出一個有待解決的問題，然後要求考生就該問題提出解決方法、途徑，有時還要求考生在最後談論適合自己的方法。
寫作模式：第一段描述現象，提出問題；第二段提出解決問題的方法、途徑；第三段提出自己的建議。
高分模板：
①As is known to all, ______. ②However, ______. ③The cases of ______. ④Therefore, ______. ⑤Firstly, ______. ⑥Secondly, ______. ⑦Thirdly, ______. ⑧As far as I’m concerned, ______. | ① 緊扣題目論點，提出問題。 ② 進一步說明該問題。 ③ 舉例論證，充實內容。 ④ 過渡到論述應採取的措施。 ⑤⑥⑦ 運用結構銜接詞具體闡述應採取的措施。 ⑧ 提出自己的觀點。 |
三、 常用寫作句式
1. 用於描寫漫畫、圖表的常用句型
①As the graph depicts,…
②From the cartoon/picture, we can see that…
③According to the statistics shown in the first/second graph,…
④The table shows/indicates/reveals that…
⑤It can be seen/concluded from the picture/table/figures that…
2. 用於句首提出論題或現象的句型
①Recently, …has become the focus of the society.
② …has been playing an increasingly important role in our daily life.
③Nowadays there is a growing concern for…
④Nowadays it is common to hear/see…
⑤ …has become a common occurrence in our daily life.
⑥Nowadays more and more people begin to be aware of the seriousness of…
⑦It is only during the last/past few years that man has generally become aware that…
⑧There is an old/a popular saying/proverb that says/goes…
⑨In recent years, there is a general tendency…
⑩Nowadays…has become a serious problem we have to face.
3. 用於比較、闡述不同觀點的常用句型
①Some people like/prefer…, while others are/feel inclined to…
②There are different opinions among people as to…
③Some people claim that…is superior to…Others, however, disagree with it.
④Some people believe…Others maintain…Still others claim…
⑤Some people suggest…Others, however, hold the opposite opinion.
⑥On the one hand, people tend to…On the other hand, they feel…
⑦Some people argue that…Others, in contrast, believe that…
⑧Although more and more people come to believe that…, there are still others who insist that…
⑨On the contrary, there are people in favor of…
⑩There are some people who hold different opinions about…
4. 用於陳述個人觀點/想法的常用句型
①My own experience tells me that…
②In my opinion, we should attach more importance to…
③As for my own idea about…, I believe that…
④As far as I am concerned, I plan to…
⑤Personally speaking, I prefer…
⑥In my view, both sides are partly right in that…
⑦But for me, I would rather…
⑧My own point of view is that…
⑨In conclusion, I support the statement that…
⑩As for me, I tend to choose…
5. 用於結尾的常用句型
①From what has been discussed/mentioned above, we may conclude that…
②Therefore, it is not difficult to draw/come to the conclusion that…
③It is high time that something was done about…
④From all the reasons/consideration above, it is evident/clear/obvious that…
⑤Taking all these factors into account, we may reach the conclusion that…
⑥Given the reasons I have just outlined/discussed/presented, I strongly recommend that…
