法國作家莫迪亞諾介紹

導語: 莫迪亞諾(Patrick Modiano 1945— )，法國小說家，1945年7月30日出生在法國的布洛涅-比揚古，是法國評論界一致公認的當今法國最有才華的作家之一。莫迪亞諾的作品探索和研究當今人的存在及其與周圍環境、現實的關係。前期小說大都以神祕的父親和二次大戰的環境爲主題，運用大量的回憶、想象，把現實和虛構結合起來，描寫並未經歷過的故事。

The Nobel Prize for Literature yet again eluded the popular Japanese writer Haruki Murakami (Norwegian Wood). But this year’s winner, dark horse that he is, deserves the honor.

今年諾貝爾文學獎結果已揭曉，人氣頗高的日本作家村上春樹再次落選，而這位半路殺出的“黑馬”卻當之無愧。

French writer Patrick Modiano, 69, has won the 2014 Nobel Prize for Literature for works that made him “a Marcel Proust (a well-known French author in the 19th century) of our time” with tales often set during the Nazi occupation of Paris during World War II, the Swedish Academy announced on Oct 9.

10月9日，瑞典皇家科學院宣佈，現年69歲的法國作家帕特里克•莫迪亞諾獲得2014年諾貝爾文學獎。因其作品多以二戰期間納粹統治下的巴黎爲背景，莫迪亞諾被喻爲“當代的馬塞爾•普魯斯特(19世紀著名法國作家)”。

Relatively unknown outside of France and a renowned media recluse, Modiano’s works have centered on memory, loss and the puzzle of identity. He has written novels, children’s books and film scripts.

在法國之外，莫迪亞諾鮮爲人知，也很少接受媒體採訪。他的作品集中探討記憶、遺忘以及身份之謎。他不僅寫過小說，還寫過兒童讀物和電影劇本。

The academy said the award of 8 million Swedish crowns (about 6.8 million yuan) was “for the art of memory with which he has evoked the most ungraspable human destinies”.

瑞典皇家科學院稱，之所以將800萬瑞典克朗(約680萬元人民幣)的諾獎獎金頒給他，是因爲他“以記憶的藝術，喚起了人類最難以捉摸的命運。”

Peter Englund, permanent secretary of the Swedish Academy, noted that Modiano’s works are “always variations of the same thing, about memory, about loss, about identity, about seeking.”

瑞典皇家科學院常任祕書彼得•英格倫這樣評價莫迪亞諾的作品：“(他的作品)是同一事物的各個方面，關於記憶、遺失、身份以及尋覓。”

In France, Modiano is a respected writer, The New York Times reported. His books, often coming in shorter than 200 pages, are widely read. Many of his fictional works are set in Paris during World War II, and some play with the detective genre.

據《紐約時報》報道，在法國，莫迪亞諾是一位受人尊敬的作家。他的書通常不到200頁，卻被廣爲閱讀。他的小說多以二戰時的巴黎爲背景，一些則涉獵偵探題材。

Refined repetition

優雅的“重複”

His first novel La Place de l’Etoile, published in 1968, remains probably his best known book and touched on many themes that he would return to throughout his career, including the fate of the Jews under the Nazis.

莫迪亞諾的處女作《星形廣場》出版於1968年，至今仍是他最著名的作品。該書包含的諸多主題，都貫穿了他整個的創作生涯，包括，納粹統治下猶太人的命運等。

Modiano, reacting to the award, said he felt like he had been writing versions of the same book for many years.

對於獲獎一事，莫迪亞諾說，他覺得自己多年來不過是在寫同一本書的各種版本。

“What I am keen to see are the reasons why they chose me... One can never really be one’s own reader,” he told a news conference in Paris. “Even more so because I have the impression of writing the same book for 45 years.”

他在巴黎的新聞發佈會上表示，“我很想知道他們爲何選中我……因爲沒有一個人能真正成爲自己的讀者。而且我覺得自己45年來一直在寫同一本書。”

“Of the unique things about him, one is of course his style, which is very precise, very economical. He writes small, short, very elegant sentences,” Englund said. “And he returns to generally the same topics again and again, simply because these topics cannot be exhausted.”

英格倫則說，“他有許多與衆不同之處，言簡意賅的寫作風格就是其中之一，他筆下的句子短小、文雅。他一次次回到相同的主題，只因爲這些都是永恆的主題。”

“After each novel, I have the impression that I have cleared it all away,” Modiano told France Today in a 2011 interview. “But I know I’ll come back over and over again to tiny details, little things that are part of what I am.”

在2011年接受《今日法國》採訪時，莫迪亞諾說，“每寫完一本小說，我覺得自己已將其完全拋於腦後，但我知道自己還是會一次次在細節中迴歸，因爲那些微小之處正是我的一部分。”

“In the end, we are all determined by the place and the time in which we were born.”

“最終，我們都由自己出生時的時間和空間所決定。”

Modiano is not an unfamiliar name in Chinese literary circle. Many of his works have been translated into Chinese and have been an influence on some Chinese writers. The late writer Wang Xiaobo, for example, opened his own novel Temple of Eternal Life with the opening sentences from Modiano’s Missing Person: “I am nothing. Nothing but a pale shape.”

在中國文學圈中，莫迪亞諾並不是一個陌生的名字。他的很多作品都被譯成中文，影響了一批中國作家。其中，已故作家王小波就曾將他《暗店街》中的句子“我的過去，一片朦朧。”作爲自己小說《萬壽寺》的開篇語。