英語作文雅思教學解析級範文

編者按：大家都知道雅思分數不夠在英國是要讀語言班的，而語言班的教學內容並不是英語。

大家都知道雅思作文評分的四大標準，簡而言之，審題、邏輯、詞彙、語法。

改過這麼多篇各種各樣的作文，大部分學生的主要問題並不是語法，詞彙，也不是審題，而是邏輯問題。看到這大家都問了：“邏輯不就因爲所以嘛，老子不會???”

的確，缺乏中心思想和邏輯混亂是我們常犯的錯誤，再加上文化差異和詞彙的亂用，經常讓批改的外國考官摸不着頭腦。

還有的烤鴨們習慣想到哪寫到哪，有一句是一句，這樣不僅浪費時間而且邏輯混亂，甚至爲了湊字數套句大批地亂用，最後寫出了一篇自己都不怎麼明白的作文。

讓你變成一個學術人(academic student)，如何正確寫essay，report，怎麼做presentation等等，英語那時候已經變成了工具而不再是你需要學習和掌握的學習內容了。

“四段式，三句定全文”是語言班老師提倡的essay寫法，當時的essay只是“擴大版雅思大作文”，除了字數增多外沒有改變，而這同樣也是我們列提綱最快的方法：

Introduction

main body 1

main body 2

conclusion

這樣的四段適用於單邊和雙邊還有報告文，那三句又是哪三句呢?分別是你Introduction的最後一句話，Main Body 1的第一句話，Main Body 2的第一句話，它們分別叫Thesis statement，Topic Sentence 1和Topic Sentence 2.

所以當你看見一個題目的時候，第一件事情不是拿起筆就寫，而是先想你自己的這三句話，列出一個提綱，然後再寫，相信我，可以節省至少15分鐘。

比如：

Topic：These days more fathers stay at home and take care of their children while mothers go out to work. What could be the reasons for this? Do you think it is a positive or a negative development?

這樣的題目，提綱可能如下：

看到這可能有同學說了，哎呀，老師你看你提綱快趕上一篇作文了，這麼多字哪有那個時間啊，其實同學你仔細看提綱，是從文章中摘下來的，當你在寫之前，草稿紙上可能是草草的幾個字，我想說的是，列提綱只是幫助你知道你這三句話分別寫什麼，但怎麼寫是你在正式寫主文的時候拿捏的，那我們舉個簡單的例子，看下面這個題目：

Topic: As well as making money, businesses should also have social responsibilities. Do you agree or disagree?

做一下簡單的構思，快速地列好提綱：

The issue regarding whether making money is the most important goal of businesses is controversial. There are a large number of people who support that businesses should also undertake social responsibilities. Personally, taking social responsibilities is capable of bringing two main benefits despite some existing drawbacks.

There is no denying that social responsibility can enhance the reputation and profitability. First, information spread is getting fast since rapid development of information media, which implies that any contribution from enterprises could be easily recognized by public. Thus, this would drive people to form a positive impression to these enterprises, thereby increasing their sales volume. Second, most socially responsible investments are government-supported. Empirically, businesses in purpose of enhancing social welfare, such as infrastructure construction and philanthropy, can gain government financing. Because it can alleviate the burden of government, so that to solve the problems about insufficient fund as well as promote the corporate image.

In addition, the fact that undertaking social responsibilities needs high costs may be the most typical reason unaccepted by business men. As known, profitability is the key index of enterprises based on adequate normal profits. Hence, overemphasized social responsibilities might cause companies’ inability to survive. Moreover, this requirement may be considered as unfair treatment to small companies. In contrast to large companies, most small entities are self-sustaining and rely on profits to further develop. Nevertheless, large companies with abundant capitals enable to invest some of funds on public utilities even if unprofitable, as they can treat these funds as advertising fees for corporate image and goodwill.

In conclusion, undertaking social responsibilities is beneficial to enterprises, which mainly embodies on two aspects: enhance of reputation and government supporting. However, the contradiction with profitability should not be neglected, it affects some small companies significantly.

但據我瞭解，很多學生並不傾向於單邊作文的撰寫，首先，時間緊迫，沒有充足的時間去想觀點，雙邊一正一反幾乎不需花時間思考。其次，邏輯清晰，一正一反邏輯最爲清晰了，很多寫單邊的學生容易描述着就寫篇了，導致文章結構不清晰，所以，我在這裏爲那些只想拿6.5的學生推薦一種寫法，叫“雙邊列舉法”

顧名思義，就是在每一個主體段裏列舉出自己的觀點，用first，second等連接詞去連接觀點，十分的清晰明瞭，非常適合中檔學生去練習。如下面這個題目：

Topic：Some people think that in order to improve the quality of education, students should be encouraged to evaluate their teachers. Others, however, think that will result in loss of respect and discipline in the classroom. Discuss both these views and give your opinion.

典型的D&G題型，也就是典型的雙邊題目，兩邊的觀點都要照顧到，範文如下：

The feasibility of evaluation system for teachers are widely discussed in society. This system can be adopted to improve the teaching quality indeed, but it may bring several problems as well. Personally, the advantages of students evaluation outweigh the disadvantages.

There are three main benefits to develop this evaluation system. First, this can motivate teachers to improve their instruction. Empirically, motivation comes from pressure, teachers must transform higher pressure into working enthusiasm. Second, students can help schools managers identify low-performing teachers. Traditional evaluative criteria for teachers may depend on students’ average scores solely, leaving academic achievement aside, students’ experience should also be considered. Third, teachers can know students’ real needs by evaluation system. Because many students dare not chat with teachers directly, evaluation system might be an alternative to express their needs.

Nevertheless, some drawbacks are also inevitable. First, some students may give irresponsible evaluations since negative emotions to teachers. Not all students are rational, hence the results of evaluation are probably unreliable. In addition, this might cause tension between teachers and students. If teachers are punished due to bad evaluations, which may reduce the communication between teachers and students. Finally, teachers may ingratiate themselves with students instead of concentrating on teaching quality.

In conclusion, students’ feedback is capable of improving teaching effectiveness, but students should be encouraged to evaluate teachers’ performance responsibly.

作者| Lynn

公衆號： 雅思寫作王

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