自殺未遂的兒童和青少年的數量上升,父母應知道這些事大綱

Attempted suicides and suicidal thoughts are on the rise among school-age children and teenagers, according to a new study published in Pediatrics. Based on data from 31 children's hospitals around the country, the percentage of emergency room visits related to suicidal thoughts or attempts more than doubled over an 8-year period-from 0.66% in 2008 to 1.82% in 2015.
《兒科》雜誌發表的一項新研究表明：自殺未遂和有自殺念頭的學齡兒童和青少年的數量正在上升。基於全國31所兒童醫院的數據，我們得知：與自殺念頭或自殺未遂相關的急診事件在8年期間增加了一倍多--從2008年的0.66%漲至2015年的1.82%。

Overall, 115,856 suicide-related encounters were included in the study, nearly two-thirds of which involved girls. Hospitalization rates increased from 2008 to 2015 across all age groups, with the highest increases among 15- to 17-year-olds, followed by 12- to 14-year-olds. Rates increased for both boys and girls, but the spike was higher in girls.
總體而言，研究包含了115856位與自殺相關的受試者，其中近三分之二的受試者爲女孩。所有年齡段的住院率在2008至2015年間有所增加，15至17歲的受試者住院率增加最高，其次爲12至14歲。男孩、女孩的住院率都有所增長，但女孩的增加率更高。

Lead author Gregory Plemmons, MD, associate professor of clinical pediatrics at Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt University, says the idea for the study came from anecdotal evidence they were seeing in their own emergency department.
首席作者、範德比爾特大學Monroe Carell Jr.兒童醫院的臨牀兒科學副教授格雷戈裏·普萊蒙斯（Gregory Plemmons）醫學博士表示，之所以做這項研究，是因爲當時他們在自己的急診室看到了軼事證據。

"We were seeing more kids coming in and being admitted with these issues, and we decided to look at what was going on nationwide," Dr. Plemmons told Health. "We were a little surprised to see that this is not just a local trend, but it's something that's happening all over the country."
"我們看到越來越多的兒童進入急診室，承認他們有自殺問題，所以我們決定研究全國範圍內的情況，"普萊蒙斯博士對《健康》雜誌說道。"我們驚訝的發現：這不僅存在於本地，而且全國各地都在發生。"

The researchers also noticed a surprising seasonal trend: Rates were highest during the fall and spring and lowest in the summer. October accounted for nearly twice as many encounters as July.
研究人員還注意到另一個令人吃驚的季節性趨勢：秋季和春季的自殺率最高、夏季的自殺率最低。10月份自殺未遂的人數是七月份的2倍之多。

"It seems like the school year probably has an influence," says Dr. Plemmons. "About 6 to 8 weeks after school started, nationwide we had twice as many kids coming in." This is especially surprising, Dr. Plemmons adds, because rates of suicidal thoughts and attempts among adults tend to follow the opposite pattern: They occur more in May, June, and July than in any other months.
"似乎學年對自殺率也有影響，"普萊蒙斯說道。"開學後6至8周左右，我們注意到全國範圍內住院的兒童翻了一番。"這尤爲令人驚訝，普萊蒙斯博士說道，因爲成年人自殺念頭和自殺未遂的比率往往遵循與此相反的模式：五六七三個月份的自殺率比其它月份更高。

"We think what may be happening is that once school is back in session, cliques form again and cyberbullying increases," says Dr. Plemmons. "It's a very different world today than the middle school or high school that we as adults grew up in."
"我們認爲，這可能是因爲一旦開學，學生會再次形成派系、網絡霸凌也在增加，"普萊蒙斯博士說道。"現在的世界已完全不是我們當年讀初高中的世界了。"